UVA 10375 Choose and divide(组合数学)

Problem D: Choose and divide

The binomial coefficient  C(m,n)  is defined as

         m!
C(m,n) = --------
         n!(m-n)!

Given four natural numbers  p ,  q ,  r , and  s , compute the the result of dividing  C(p,q)  by  C(r,s) .

The Input

Input consists of a sequence of lines. Each line contains four non-negative integer numbers giving values for  p ,  q ,  r , and  s , respectively, separated by a single space. All the numbers will be smaller than 10,000 with  p>=q  and  r>=s .

The Output

For each line of input, print a single line containing a real number with 5 digits of precision in the fraction, giving the number as described above. You may assume the result is not greater than 100,000,000.

Sample Input

10 5 14 9
93 45 84 59
145 95 143 92
995 487 996 488
2000 1000 1999 999
9998 4999 9996 4998

Output for Sample Input

0.12587
505606.46055
1.28223
0.48996
2.00000
3.99960

题意：给定p,q,r,s。求c(p,q) / c(r, s)。

思路：由于c(n,m)分子和分母数是相等的，所以可以进行一除一乘。就不会超过范围

代码：

#include <stdio.h>

int p, q, r, s, i;
double ans;
int main () {
	while (~scanf("%d%d%d%d", &p, &q, &r, &s)) {
		ans = 1.0;
		if (p - q < q)
			q = p - q;
		if (r - s < s)
			s = r - s;
		for (i = 1; i <= q || i <= s; i ++) {
			if (i <= q) {
				ans = ans * (p - q + i) / i;
			}
			if (i <= s) {
				ans = ans / (r - s + i) * i;
			}
		}
		printf("%.5lf\n", ans);
	}
	return 0;
}