学习java的枚举

一直以来,都对java的枚举感觉非常的敬仰,一直觉得有些枚举可以get到他的name,还有他的ordinal()返回的东西感觉很神奇的样子,实际上用起来他也带给了我们很多的便利之处.

1.枚举是对象,只要是对象就可以访问他的方法,他的变量,而且他的变量都是静态的变量,可以直接的通过对对象名+.变量名的方式来访问;

2.枚举的equals和等于,还有ordinal方法比对返回结果一致,这个很爽;

3.枚举定义了有限的变量值,方便的来取每个枚举对象中的不同的数据来使用;

4.枚举可以定义方法实现;可以定义抽象方法,抽象方法可以在每个枚举定义时进行事先,实现了之后具体就可以调用这个方法进行相应的逻辑的处理;

我写了一个小的交通信号灯变换的例子,前面的部分是参照的张孝祥老师的视频做的,后面的稍微的实现了一下:

/**
 * @author achenbj
 * 2014年11月21日 下午4:02:49
 */
package com.cyc;
 
/**
 * @author achenbj
 */
public class EnumTest {
 
    /**
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        WeekDay weekday = WeekDay.FRI;
        System.out.println(weekday);
        System.out.println(weekday.name() + " ;  " + weekday.ordinal());
 
        System.out.println(WeekDay.valueOf("SUN"));
        for (WeekDay w : WeekDay.values()) {
            System.out.println(w);
        }
 
        for (TrafficLamp t : TrafficLamp.values()) {
            System.out.println(t + " waiting " + t.time);
            System.out.println(t.nextLamp() + " 要量起;");
        }
 
        TrafficLamp firstLamp = TrafficLamp.GREEN;
 
        while (true) {
            if (TrafficLamp.GREEN == firstLamp) {
                System.out.println("You can go, the time left " + firstLamp.time);
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(firstLamp.time * 1000L);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    System.err.println("等待绿灯时出现了错误！" + e.getMessage());
                }
                firstLamp = firstLamp.nextLamp();
            }
 
            if (TrafficLamp.YELLOW.ordinal() == firstLamp.ordinal()) {
                System.out.println("Now the yellow is on , you should wait " + firstLamp.time);
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(firstLamp.time * 1000L);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    System.err.println("等待黄灯时出现了错误！" + e.getMessage());
                }
                firstLamp = firstLamp.nextLamp();
            }
 
            if (TrafficLamp.RED.equals(firstLamp)) {
                System.out.println("Now the RED is on , you should wait " + firstLamp.time);
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(firstLamp.time * 1000L);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    System.err.println("等待红灯时出现了错误！" + e.getMessage());
                }
                firstLamp = firstLamp.nextLamp();
            }
        }
    }
 
    public enum WeekDay {
        SUN(1), MON(), TUE, WED, THI, FRI, SAT;
 
        private WeekDay() {
            System.out.println("First;");
        }
 
        private WeekDay(int day) {
            System.out.println("Second!");
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * @author achenbj
     *         交通灯
     */
    public enum TrafficLamp {
        RED(3) {
            @Override
            public TrafficLamp nextLamp() {
                return GREEN;
            }
        },
        GREEN(5) {
            @Override
            public TrafficLamp nextLamp() {
                return YELLOW;
            }
        },
        YELLOW(2) {
            @Override
            public TrafficLamp nextLamp() {
                return RED;
            }
        };
        public abstract TrafficLamp nextLamp();
 
        /**
         * 每个等中都是有时间的
         */
        private int time;
 
        /**
         * 带参数的构造方法
         */
        private TrafficLamp(int time) {
            this.time = time;
        }
    }
 
}

以后就不再用静态的常量定义来做了,尽可能的用枚举就行了,枚举真是java5里面很给力的一个功能啊.

感谢sun