HttpComponents Client 4.0快速入门/升级-2.POST方法访问网页

Apache HttpComponents Client 4.0已经发布多时，httpclient项目从commons子项目挪到了HttpComponents子项目下，httpclient3.1和 httpcilent4.0无法做到代码向后兼容，升级比较麻烦。我在做项目之余找时间研究了一下，写了一套3.1与4.0对比的代码，不求面面俱到，但 求简单易懂。如果代码用到真实项目中，还需要考虑诸如代理、Header、异常处理之类的问题。

Http POST方法得到www.g.cn的源码：

 

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1. import java.io.IOException;  
2. import java.util.ArrayList;  
3. import java.util.List;  
4. import org.apache.commons.httpclient.NameValuePair;  
5. import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;  
6. import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;  
7. import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;  
8. import org.apache.http.ParseException;  
9. import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;  
10. import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;  
11. import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;  
12. import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;  
13. import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;  
14. import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;  
15. public class PostSample {  
16.     public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException, IOException {  
17.         String url = "http://www.g.cn/";  
18.         System.out.println(url);  
19.         System.out.println("Visit google using Apache commons-httpclient 3.1：");  
20.         List<NameValuePair> data3 = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();  
21.         data3.add(new NameValuePair("username", "testuser"));  
22.         data3.add(new NameValuePair("password", "testpassword"));  
23.         System.out.println(post3(url, data3));  
24.         System.out.println("Visit google using Apache HttpComponents Client 4.0：");  
25.         List<BasicNameValuePair> data4 = new ArrayList<BasicNameValuePair>();  
26.         data4.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", "testuser"));  
27.         data4.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", "testpassword"));  
28.         System.out.println(post4(url, data4));  
29.     }  
30.     /** 使用Apache commons-httpclient 3.1，POST方法访问网页 */  
31.     public static String post3(String url, List<NameValuePair> data) throws IOException {  
32.         org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient httpClient = new org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient();  
33.         PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(url);  
34.         postMethod.setRequestBody(data.toArray(new NameValuePair[data.size()]));  
35.         try {  
36.             System.out.println("<< Response: " + httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod));  
37.             return postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();  
38.         } finally {  
39.             postMethod.releaseConnection();  
40.         }  
41.     }  
42.     /** 使用Apache HttpComponents Client 4.0，POST方法访问网页 */  
43.     private static String post4(String url, List<? extends org.apache.http.NameValuePair> data)  
44.             throws ParseException, IOException {  
45.         org.apache.http.client.HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();  
46.         HttpPost httpost = new HttpPost(url);  
47.         httpost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(data, HTTP.UTF_8));  
48.         try {  
49.             HttpResponse response = client.execute(httpost);  
50.             HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();  
51.             System.out.println("<< Response: " + response.getStatusLine());  
52.             if (entity != null) {  
53.                 return EntityUtils.toString(entity);  
54.             }  
55.             return null;  
56.         } finally {  
57.             client.getConnectionManager().shutdown();  
58.         }  
59.     }  
60. }  

import java.io.IOException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import org.apache.commons.httpclient.NameValuePair; import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod; import org.apache.http.HttpEntity; import org.apache.http.HttpResponse; import org.apache.http.ParseException; import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost; import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient; import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair; import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP; import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils; public class PostSample { public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException, IOException { String url = "http://www.g.cn/"; System.out.println(url); System.out.println("Visit google using Apache commons-httpclient 3.1："); List<NameValuePair> data3 = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); data3.add(new NameValuePair("username", "testuser")); data3.add(new NameValuePair("password", "testpassword")); System.out.println(post3(url, data3)); System.out.println("Visit google using Apache HttpComponents Client 4.0："); List<BasicNameValuePair> data4 = new ArrayList<BasicNameValuePair>(); data4.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", "testuser")); data4.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", "testpassword")); System.out.println(post4(url, data4)); } /** 使用Apache commons-httpclient 3.1，POST方法访问网页 */ public static String post3(String url, List<NameValuePair> data) throws IOException { org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient httpClient = new org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient(); PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(url); postMethod.setRequestBody(data.toArray(new NameValuePair[data.size()])); try { System.out.println("<< Response: " + httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod)); return postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString(); } finally { postMethod.releaseConnection(); } } /** 使用Apache HttpComponents Client 4.0，POST方法访问网页 */ private static String post4(String url, List<? extends org.apache.http.NameValuePair> data) throws ParseException, IOException { org.apache.http.client.HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient(); HttpPost httpost = new HttpPost(url); httpost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(data, HTTP.UTF_8)); try { HttpResponse response = client.execute(httpost); HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); System.out.println("<< Response: " + response.getStatusLine()); if (entity != null) { return EntityUtils.toString(entity); } return null; } finally { client.getConnectionManager().shutdown(); } } }

 

当然www.g.cn不必要通过post来访问，一般用于需要提交表单的情形。