将执行过程分成几个分支,一个分支执行特有的方法指令,主分支执行其正常的过程就是异步方法。
CLR 通过一个工作队列来现在异步方法调用。CLR维护一个操作系统级别的线程池,监听这个工作队列。队列请求到达时,就从线程池中分配一个线程来执行任务。
从.NET 提供委托开始,任何方法都可以转到其相应的异步模式:
1.使用委托绑定方法
2.执行委托类型的BeginInvoke,执行委托BeginInvoke之后,有多种方式来结束异步调用。
1).调用 EndInvoke 一直阻止到调用完成。
2) 获取WaitHandle,使用其 WaitOne 方法阻止执行,直至 WaitHandle 收到信号,然后调用 EndInvoke。
3) 轮询
4)使用回调方法,此方式将是在异步调用完成后,使用线程池上的线程执行该方法。
code1:
public delegate double Add(double a, double b); class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Add al = Addcount; IAsyncResult ar = al.BeginInvoke(4, 5, null, null); Console.WriteLine("Main Thread Exc"); Thread.Sleep(1000); double result = al.EndInvoke(ar); Console.WriteLine("Exc Result is "+result.ToString()); } static double Addcount(double a, double b) { Thread.Sleep(1000); Console.WriteLine("Child Thread Exc"); return a + b; } }
code2:
static void Main(string[] args) { Add al = Addcount; IAsyncResult ar = al.BeginInvoke(4, 5, null, null); Console.WriteLine("Main Thread Exc"); ar.AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne(); double result = al.EndInvoke(ar); Console.WriteLine("Exc Result is "+result.ToString()); } static double Addcount(double a, double b) { Console.WriteLine("Child Thread Exc"); Thread.Sleep(1000); return a + b; }
code3:
static void Main(string[] args) { Add al = Addcount; IAsyncResult ar = al.BeginInvoke(4, 5, null, null); Console.WriteLine("Main Thread Exc"); while (ar.IsCompleted==false) { Thread.Sleep(300); Console.Write("."); } double result = al.EndInvoke(ar); Console.WriteLine("Exc Result is " + result.ToString()); } static double Addcount(double a, double b) { Console.WriteLine("Child Thread Exc"); Thread.Sleep(2000); return a + b; }
code4:
static void Main(string[] args) { Add al = Addcount; IAsyncResult ar = al.BeginInvoke(4, 5, new AsyncCallback(CallbackMethod), "The call executed on thread {0}, with return value \"{1}\"."); Thread.Sleep(4000); Console.WriteLine("The main thread ends."); } static double Addcount(double a, double b) { Console.WriteLine("Child Thread Exc"); Thread.Sleep(2000); return a + b; } static void CallbackMethod(IAsyncResult ar) { AsyncResult result = (AsyncResult)ar; Add caller = (Add)result.AsyncDelegate; double returnValue = caller.EndInvoke(ar); Console.WriteLine("Exc over"); }