向共享内存写数据的程序:
#include <fcntl.h> /* For O_* constants */
#include <sys/stat.h> /* For mode constants */
#include <semaphore.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <signal.h>
//信号量的name,必须以/开头且只能包含一个/
#define SEM_NAME "/sem_test"
//共享内存文件路径,必须保证文件存在且有读写权限
#define SHM_NAME "./shm_test"
//共享内存大小
#define SHARED_MEMORY_SIZE 16
sem_t* sem = NULL;
int32_t shm_id = 0;
void* shm_ptr = NULL;
void signal_handle(int sig)
{
sem_close(sem);
sem_unlink(SEM_NAME);
shmdt(shm_ptr);
exit(0);
}
int main()
{
signal(SIGINT, signal_handle);
//创建信号量,O_CREAT表示不存在时创建
sem = sem_open(SEM_NAME, O_CREAT, 0777, 0);
if (sem == SEM_FAILED)
{
perror("sem_open");
return -1;
}
//保证生成共享内存id的key所需的文件存在,不存在则创建
int fd = open(SHM_NAME, O_CREAT | O_RDWR, 0777);
if (fd < 0)
{
perror("open");
return -1;
}
close(fd);
//生成key
key_t key = ftok(SHM_NAME, 'c');
//生成shm_id
shm_id = shmget(key, SHARED_MEMORY_SIZE, IPC_CREAT | 0777);
if (shm_id < 0)
{
perror("shmget");
return -1;
}
printf("key=0x%x\n", key);
//获取共享内存指针,即共享内存的首地址
shm_ptr = shmat(shm_id, NULL, 0);
if (shm_ptr == (void*) (-1))
{
perror("shmat");
return -1;
}
while (1)
{
//对共享内存进行写操作
fgets((char*) shm_ptr, SHARED_MEMORY_SIZE, stdin);
//信号量post,共享内存读取端可从阻塞中恢复,读取共享内存的内容
sem_post(sem);
}
return 0;
}
从共享内存读数据的程序:
#include <fcntl.h> /* For O_* constants */
#include <sys/stat.h> /* For mode constants */
#include <semaphore.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <signal.h>
#define SEM_NAME "/sem_test"
#define SHM_NAME "./shm_test"
#define SHARED_MEMORY_SIZE 16
sem_t* sem = NULL;
int32_t shm_id = 0;
void* shm_ptr = NULL;
void signal_handle(int sig)
{
sem_destroy(sem);
shmdt(shm_ptr);
exit(0);
}
int main()
{
signal(SIGINT, signal_handle);
sem = sem_open(SEM_NAME, O_CREAT, 0777, 0);
if (sem == SEM_FAILED)
{
perror("sem_open");
return -1;
}
key_t key = ftok(SHM_NAME, 'c');
shm_id = shmget(key, SHARED_MEMORY_SIZE, IPC_CREAT | 0777);
if (shm_id < 0)
{
perror("shmget");
return -1;
}
printf("key=0x%x\n", key);
shm_ptr = shmat(shm_id, NULL, 0);
if (shm_ptr == (void*) (-1))
{
perror("shmat");
return -1;
}
while (1)
{
//等待共享内存写的一端写入数据
sem_wait(sem);
//读取共享内存数据
printf("%s", (char*) shm_ptr);
}
return 0;
}