linux下内存泄露检测

工具

valgrind

优点：

• 无需修改自己的代码
• 能够定位到具体产生内存泄露的函数调用堆栈和代码行号

安装valgrind

sudo apt install valgrind

编译你的程序，增加-g编译选项

假设我们的测试代码如下：

#include <stdio.h>
	#include <stdlib.h>
	#include <unistd.h>
	#include <string.h>
	#include <stdint.h>
	#include <pthread.h>
	
	void* my_malloc(size_t __size)
	{
	    return malloc(__size);
	}
	
	void* thread_handle(void* arg)
	{
	    char* p = NULL;
	    p       = my_malloc(1);
	    return arg;
	}
	
	int main()
	{
	    pthread_t thread;
	
	    pthread_create(&thread, NULL, thread_handle, NULL);
	
	    pthread_join(thread, NULL);
	
	    char* p2 = my_malloc(4);
	    memset(p2, 0, 4);
	
	    return 0;
	}

编译：

gcc valgrind_test.c -o test -g -lpthread

使用valgrind 进行检测

前面的命令行都是一些参数，最后跟自己的程序

	valgrind --tool=memcheck --leak-check=full --show-reachable=yes --trace-children=yes ./test

输出样例

	==1287== Memcheck, a memory error detector
	==1287== Copyright (C) 2002-2015, and GNU GPL'd, by Julian Seward et al.
	==1287== Using Valgrind-3.11.0 and LibVEX; rerun with -h for copyright info
	==1287== Command: ./test
	==1287== 
	==1287== 
	==1287== HEAP SUMMARY:
	==1287==     in use at exit: 5 bytes in 2 blocks
	==1287==   total heap usage: 3 allocs, 1 frees, 277 bytes allocated
	==1287== 
	==1287== 1 bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 1 of 2
	==1287==    at 0x4C2DB8F: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
	==1287==    by 0x40075D: my_malloc (valgrind_test.c:10)
	==1287==    by 0x40077D: thread_handle (valgrind_test.c:16)
	==1287==    by 0x4E416B9: start_thread (pthread_create.c:333)
	==1287== 
	==1287== 4 bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 2 of 2
	==1287==    at 0x4C2DB8F: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
	==1287==    by 0x40075D: my_malloc (valgrind_test.c:10)
	==1287==    by 0x4007D4: main (valgrind_test.c:28)
	==1287== 
	==1287== LEAK SUMMARY:
	==1287==    definitely lost: 5 bytes in 2 blocks
	==1287==    indirectly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
	==1287==      possibly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
	==1287==    still reachable: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
	==1287==         suppressed: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
	==1287== 
	==1287== For counts of detected and suppressed errors, rerun with: -v
	==1287== ERROR SUMMARY: 2 errors from 2 contexts (suppressed: 0 from 0)

从上面可以看出有两处内存泄露。
第一处：
thread_handle (valgrind_test.c:16) -> my_malloc (valgrind_test.c:10) -> malloc
第二处：
main (valgrind_test.c:28) -> my_malloc (valgrind_test.c:10) -> malloc

参考：
Linux下几款C++程序中的内存泄露检查工具