java--optional容器类

 

码云地址:https://gitee.com/bufanli/java8-demo.git

Optional概述

是一个容器类,代表一个值存在或者不存在原来用null值表示不存在,现在Optional可以更好的表达这个概念,并且可以避免空指针异常

常用方法

package cn.bufanli.optional;

import cn.bufanli.pojo.Employee;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.Optional;

/**
 * @author BuShuangLi
 * @date 2019/3/12
 */
public class OptionalDemo {
     /**
      * Optional.of(T t);创建一个Optional实例
      *
      * Optional.empty();创建一个空的Optional实例
      *
      * Optional.ofNullable(T t);如果T不为null创建Optional实例,否则创建空的Optional实例
      *
      * ifPrePresent(); 判断是否包含值
      *
      * orEsle(T t) 如果调用对象包含值,返回该值,否则返回T
      *
      * orEsleGet(Supplier s) 如果调用对象包含值,返回该值,否则返回 s值
      *
      * map(Function f) 如果有值进行处理处理完毕返回处理后的Optional实例,没有值返回空的Optional实例
      *
      * flatMap(Function f): 与map类似
      */
     @Test
     public void test01(){
          //会输出默认值,无异常
          Optional<Employee> employee = Optional.of(new Employee());
          System.out.println(employee.get());
          //会报在输出语句上面位置报空指针异常,用于快速锁定空指针异常位置
          Optional<Employee> employee2 = Optional.of(null);
          System.out.println(employee2.get());

     }
     @Test
     public void test02(){
          //会在输出语句包空指针异常
          Optional<Employee> empty = Optional.empty();
          boolean present = empty.isPresent();
          //输出false
          System.out.println(present);
          //如果有值会返回有的只没有值会返回构造器里的默认值
          Employee employee = empty.orElse(new Employee("默认值", 0, 0.0, Employee.Status.BUSY));
          //控制台输出 Employee{name='默认值', age=0, salary=0.0, status=BUSY}
          System.out.println(employee);




     }
     @Test
     public void test03(){
          //会输出默认值,无异常
          Optional<Employee> employee = Optional.ofNullable(new Employee());
          System.out.println(employee.get());
          //会在输出语句包空指针异常
          Optional<Employee> employee2 = Optional.ofNullable(null);
          System.out.println(employee2.get());
     }
     @Test
     public void test04(){
          //会输出默认值,无异常
          Optional<Employee> employee = Optional.ofNullable(null);
          //会在输出语句包空指针异常
          Employee employee2 = employee.orElse(new Employee("默认值", 0, 0.0, Employee.Status.BUSY));
          //控制台输出默认值Employee{name='默认值', age=0, salary=0.0, status=BUSY}
          System.out.println(employee2);
          //可以是函数式接口
          Employee r = employee.orElseGet(() -> new Employee());
          System.out.println(r);
          //map


     }

     /**
      * map
      */
     public void test05(){
          //会输出默认值,无异常
          Optional<Employee> employee = Optional.ofNullable(new Employee("默认值", 0, 0.0, Employee.Status.BUSY));
          //map
          Optional<String> s = employee.map(e -> e.getName());

     }
}