利用反射封装数据查询操作

本人java小白，刚学完反射，写了用反射赖封装数据库基本操作，尤其是查询，通过使用泛型，集合，类，反射是查询操作更简单，方便,下面是具体的

封装代码;用DBtools类封装了连接和关闭方法,使用DBUtils方法封装了增删改（较为简单）和查询（单条查询、多行多列查询、查询记录数等特定查询）。

下面是具体实现代码：

首先是：DBtools类

public class JDBCTools {

public Connection getConnection() {

Connection conn = null;

InputStream is = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("database.properties");

Properties pro = new Properties();

try {

pro.load(is);

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

String driver = pro.getProperty("driver");

try {

Class.forName(driver);

String url = pro.getProperty("url");

String user = pro.getProperty("user");

String password = pro.getProperty("password");

conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);

} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (SQLException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return conn;

}

// 释放所有资源

public void close(Connection conn, PreparedStatement pstmt, ResultSet rs) {

try {

if (rs != null) {

rs.close();

}

if (pstmt != null) {

pstmt.close();

}

if (conn != null) {

conn.close();

}

} catch (SQLException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

public class DBUtils {

JDBCTools jdbc=new JDBCTools();

//获取连接

Connection conn=jdbc.getConnection();

PreparedStatement ps=null;

ResultSet rs=null;

}

/*

* 单条数据查询:用到泛型，集合，反射

*/

public <T> T getData(Class<T> clazz,String sql,Object...obj){

T entity=null;

//查询数据

try {

ps=conn.prepareStatement(sql);

for (int i = 0; i < obj.length; i++) {

ps.setObject(i+1,obj[i]);

}

rs=ps.executeQuery();

if(rs.next()){

//查询到一条语句

ResultSetMetaData rsda=rs.getMetaData();

Map<String, Object> map=new HashMap<>();

for (int i = 0; i < rsda.getColumnCount(); i++) {

//查询列名和列名所对应的值

String columnName=rsda.getColumnName(i+1);

Object columnValue=rs.getObject(i+1);

map.put(columnName, columnValue);

}

if(map.size()>0){

try {

// 导入commons-beanutils-1.8.0.jar包和commons-logging-1.1.1.jar，

这种利用反射比较标准，都在jar 包里面

entity=clazz.newInstance();

for (Entry<String, Object> object :map.entrySet()) {

BeanUtils.setProperty(entity, object.getKey(), object.getValue());

}

} catch (InstantiationException e1) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e1.printStackTrace();

} catch (IllegalAccessException e1) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e1.printStackTrace();

} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

//这是自己根据所学反射，利用反射获取和改变类的属性

/*Field[] fields=clazz.getDeclaredFields();

for (int i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {

//设置可见性

if(Modifier.toString(fields[i].getModifiers()).equals("private")){

fields[i].setAccessible(true);

}

Set set=map.entrySet();

Iterator it= set.iterator();

while(it.hasNext()){

Map.Entry<String,Object> oj=(Map.Entry<String,Object>)it.next();

if(oj.getKey().equals(fields[i].getName())){

try {

fields[i].set(entity,oj.getValue());

} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

}*/

}

}

} catch (SQLException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}finally{

jdbc.closeAll(rs, ps, conn);

}

return entity;

}

/*

* 多行多列查询

*/

public <T> List<T> selectForObject(Class<T> clazz,String sql){

List<T> list=new ArrayList<>();

//执行查询

try {

ps=conn.prepareStatement(sql);

rs=ps.executeQuery();

//存放map的list集合

Map<String, Object> map=new HashMap<>();

while(rs.next()){

ResultSetMetaData rsda=rs.getMetaData();

//输出查询的列数

//System.out.println(rsda.getColumnCount());

for (int i = 0; i < rsda.getColumnCount(); i++) {

//查询列名和列名所对应的值

String columnName=rsda.getColumnName(i+1);

Object columnValue=rs.getObject(i+1);

//System.out.println(columnName+":"+columnValue);

map.put(columnName, columnValue);

}

if(map.size()>0){

T entity=clazz.newInstance();

//输出不了具体的列，因为setProperty没有equalIgnorecase而是用equals方法,

//所以sql语句中的字段名需和数据库中的字段名完全一样

for (Entry<String, Object> object :map.entrySet()) {

BeanUtils.setProperty(entity, object.getKey(), object.getValue());

}

//System.out.println(entity.toString());

list.add(entity);

}

}

} catch (SQLException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (InstantiationException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}finally{

jdbc.closeAll(rs, ps, conn);

}

return list;

}

/**

* 返回要查询的行数，和某一字段值出现的次数

*/

public Object selectCount(String sql,Object...object){

Object obj=null;

try {

ps=conn.prepareStatement(sql);

for (int i = 0; i < object.length; i++) {

ps.setObject(i+1, object[i]);

}

rs=ps.executeQuery();

//判断是否有数据

if(rs.next()){

//查询总行数

obj=rs.getObject(1);

}

} catch (SQLException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

return obj;

}

/**

* 增删改操作 较为容易

*/

public int excuteUpdate(String sql,Object...object){

int num=0;

try {

ps=conn.prepareStatement(sql);

for (int i = 0; i < object.length; i++) {

ps.setObject(i+1, object[i]);

}

num=ps.executeUpdate();

} catch (SQLException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}finally{

jdbc.closeAll(rs, ps, conn);

}

return num;

}

}