注:以下代码出资《Java 编程思想》
package typeinfo;
//: typeinfo/ClassInitialization.java
import java.util.*;
class Initable {
static final int staticFinal = 47;
static final int staticFinal2 =
ClassInitialization.rand.nextInt(1000);
static {
System.out.println("Initializing Initable");
}
}
class Initable2 {
static int staticNonFinal = 147;
static {
System.out.println("Initializing Initable2");
}
}
class Initable3 {
static int staticNonFinal = 74;
static {
System.out.println("Initializing Initable3");
}
}
public class ClassInitialization {
public static Random rand = new Random(47);
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Class initable = Initable.class;
System.out.println("After creating Initable ref");
// Does not trigger initialization:
System.out.println(Initable.staticFinal);
// Does trigger initialization:
System.out.println(Initable.staticFinal2);
// Does trigger initialization:
System.out.println(Initable2.staticNonFinal);
Class initable3 = Class.forName("typeinfo.Initable3");
System.out.println("After creating Initable3 ref");
System.out.println(Initable3.staticNonFinal);
}
}
输出:
After creating Initable ref
47
Initializing Initable
258
Initializing Initable2
147
Initializing Initable3
After creating Initable3 ref
74
从以上的输出结果我们可以得到如下的结果,
1:java类的初始化工作是尽可能的“惰性”的
2:.class方法不会初始化类
3:.forName("string")会初始化类,
4:static final 类型的变量如果是编译期常量,那么就不会初始化类
5:static final类型的变量如果不是编译期常量,那么就会强制初始化类
6:如果一个变量不是static final类型的,那么对他的访问会初始化类