一、linux支持的时钟类型
/*
* The IDs of the various system clocks (for POSIX.1b interval timers):
*/
/*
* A settable system-wide real-time clock.
* 墙上时间，修改系统时间将直接影响该时间，但不受suspend影响
*/
#define CLOCK_REALTIME 0
/*
* CLOCK_MONOTONIC
* A nonsettable monotonically increasing clock that measures
* time from some unspecified point in the past that does not
* change after system startup.
* 本时间 在系统suspend期间不计时
*/
#define CLOCK_MONOTONIC 1
/*
* CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID
* A clock that measures (user and system) CPU time
* consumed by(all of the threads in) the calling process.
*/
#define CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID 2
/*
* CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID
* A clock that measures (user and system) CPU time consumed
* by(all of the threads in) the calling thread.
*/
#define CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID 3
/*
* CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
* 和 CLOCK_MONOTONIC很类似，区别点在于:
* CLOCK_MONOTONIC在系统suspend状态下不计时;
* CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW在系统suspend状态下仍然计时
*/
#define CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW 4
/*
* CLOCK_REALTIME_COARSE
* 和CLOCK_REALTIME类似，前者是后者的一个简化版本，前者精度较差，但性能比后者要好
*/
#define CLOCK_REALTIME_COARSE 5
/*
* CLOCK_MONOTONIC_COARSE
* 和CLOCK_MONOTONIC类似，前者是后者的一个简化版本，前者精度较差，但性能比后者要好
*/
#define CLOCK_MONOTONIC_COARSE 6
/*
* CLOCK_BOOTTIME
* Like CLOCK_MONOTONIC, this is a monotonically increasing
* clock. However, whereas the CLOCK_MONOTONIC clock does not
* measure the time while a system is suspended, the
* CLOCK_BOOTTIME clock does include the time during which the
* system is suspended. This is useful for applications that
* need to be suspend-aware. CLOCK_REALTIME is not suitable for
* such applications, since that clock is affected by
* discontinuous changes to the system clock.
* 记录启动以来一共经历的时间，不受suspend、时间改变等其他因素影响
* 一旦开机，该时间就随墙上时间一直单调、递增
*/
#define CLOCK_BOOTTIME 7
/*
* CLOCK_REALTIME_ALARM
* This clock is like CLOCK_REALTIME, but will wake the system if
* it is suspended. The caller must have the CAP_WAKE_ALARM
* capability in order to set a timer against this clock.
* 与CLOCK_REALTIME相似，但是_ALARM版本的CLOCK类型会唤醒系统
*/
#define CLOCK_REALTIME_ALARM 8
/*
* CLOCK_BOOTTIME_ALARM
* This clock is like CLOCK_BOOTTIME, but will wake the system if
* it is suspended. The caller must have the CAP_WAKE_ALARM
* capability in order to set a timer against this clock.
* 与CLOCK_BOOTTIME相似，但是_ALARM版本的CLOCK类型会唤醒系统
*/
#define CLOCK_BOOTTIME_ALARM 9二、从/proc/{pid}/stat中获取启动时间，转化成字符串
stat 中的内容介绍，可参考 /proc/stat解析_houzhizhen的博客-CSDN博客_proc stat
HZ是一个宏，定义在<linux/param.h>中
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#include <unistd.h>
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#include<sys/stat.h>
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#include<fcntl.h>
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#include <linux/param.h>
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#include <limits.h>
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <stdlib.h>
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#include <time.h>
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#include <sys/time.h>
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#include <fstream>
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#include <sstream>
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#include <istream>
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#include <iterator>
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#include <vector>
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#include <string>
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#include <iostream>
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#endif
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using
namespace std;
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std::string timetostring(time_t nt)
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{
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tm time_in;
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localtime_r(&nt, &time_in);
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tm *tm_ = &time_in;
// 将time_t格式转换为tm结构体
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int year, month, day, hour, minute, second;
// 定义时间的各个int临时变量。
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year = tm_->tm_year +
1900;
// 临时变量，年，由于tm结构体存储的是从1900年开始的时间，所以临时变量int为tm_year加上1900。
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month = tm_->tm_mon +
1;
// 临时变量，月，由于tm结构体的月份存储范围为0-11，所以临时变量int为tm_mon加上1。
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day = tm_->tm_mday;
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hour = tm_->tm_hour;
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minute = tm_->tm_min;
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second = tm_->tm_sec;
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char s[
20];
// 定义总日期时间char*变量。
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sprintf(s,
"%04d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d", year, month, day, hour, minute, second);
// 将年月日时分秒合并。
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std::string str(s);
// 定义string变量，并将总日期时间char*变量作为构造函数的参数传入。
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return std::
move(str);
// 返回转换日期时间后的string变量。
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}
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int f(pid_t pid)
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{
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int fd;
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char buff[
128];
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char *p;
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unsigned
long uptime;
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struct
timeval tv;
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static
time_t boottime;
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time_t now =
time(
0);
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if ((fd =
open(
"/proc/uptime",
0)) !=
-1)
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{
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if (
read(fd, buff,
sizeof(buff)) >
0)
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{
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uptime =
strtoul(buff, &p,
10);
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gettimeofday(&tv,
0);
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boottime = tv.tv_sec - uptime;
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}
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close(fd);
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}
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ifstream procFile;
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char stat[
255];
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sprintf(stat,
"/proc/%d/stat", pid);
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procFile.
open(stat);
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char str[
255];
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procFile.
getline(str,
255);
// delim defaults to '\n'
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vector<string> tmp;
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istringstream iss(str);
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copy(
istream_iterator<string>(iss),
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istream_iterator<string>(),
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back_inserter<vector<string> >(tmp));
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cout<<
"now"<<now<<endl;
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cout<<
"boottime"<<boottime<<endl;
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for(
int i=
0;i<tmp.
size();i++)
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{
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cout<< i <<
" : " <<tmp[i]<<endl;
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}
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cout<<
"CLOCKS_PER_SEC"<<CLOCKS_PER_SEC<<endl;
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auto lstStr = tmp.
at(
21);
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cout<<lstStr<<endl;
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auto duration = (
atof(tmp.
at(
21).
c_str()))/HZ;
//其实是100
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auto start_time = boottime + duration;
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auto startStr =
timetostring(start_time);
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printf(
"start: %d\n", start_time);
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cout<<
"result:"<<startStr<<endl;
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}
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int main(int argc, char** argv)
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{
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int pid =
1;
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if(argc>
1)
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{
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pid =
atoi(argv[
1]);
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}
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auto t=
f(pid);
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getchar();
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return
0;
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}
参考：
linux内核中的HZ介绍_BAT-Battle的博客-CSDN博客_hz linux
三、linux应用获取boottime的两种方式
第一种：
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struct timespec outtime;
memset(&outtime, 0x00, sizeof(struct timespec ));
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &outtime);
boottime = outtime.tv_sec * 1000000000 + outtime.tv_nsec
);
第二种：
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if ((fd = open("/proc/uptime", 0)) != -1)
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{
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if (
read(fd, buff,
sizeof(buff)) >
0)
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{
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bootime=
strtoul(buff, &p,
10);
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