005_数据绑定

1. Data Binding API用于使用属性访问器或使用注解将JSON转换为POJO(Plain Old Java Object)和从POJO(Plain Old Java Object)转换JSON。

2. 数据绑定有两种类型

2.1. 基本数据绑定: 将JSON转换与Java映射, 集合, 字符串, 数字, 布尔值, 数组和NULL对象之间相互转换。

2.2. 对象数据绑定: 将JSON转换与任何JAVA类型之间相互转换。

3. 基本数据绑定

3.1. 基本数据绑定是指将JSON映射到JAVA核心数据类型和内置集合。Gson提供了各种内置适配器, 可用于序列化/反序列化原始数据类型。

3.2. 新建一个名为GsonDataBinding的Java项目, 同时添加相关jar包。

3.3. 新建BaseDataBinding.java

package com.fj.dbb;

import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.google.gson.reflect.TypeToken;

public class BaseDataBinding {
	public static void main(String args[]) {
		Integer id = 1111;
		String name = "张三";
		boolean isMale = false;
		Integer[] sanWei = {100,90,85};
		Collection<String> familyMembers = new ArrayList<String>();
		familyMembers.add("爸爸");
		familyMembers.add("妈妈");
		familyMembers.add("妹妹");
		Map<String, String> scores = new HashMap<String, String>();
		scores.put("chinese", "90");
		scores.put("math", "100");
		scores.put("english", "90");

		Gson gson = new Gson();
		Type collectionType = new TypeToken<Collection<String>>(){}.getType();
		Type mapType = new TypeToken<Map<String, String>>(){}.getType();

		// 序列化
		System.out.print("{");
//		String toJson(Object src)将指定的对象序列化为JSON字符串。
		System.out.print("id:" + gson.toJson(id) + ", ");
		System.out.print("name:" + gson.toJson(name) + ", ");
		System.out.print("isMale:" + gson.toJson(isMale) + ", ");
		System.out.print("sanWei:" + gson.toJson(sanWei) + ", ");
		System.out.print("familyMembers:" + gson.toJson(familyMembers, collectionType) + ", ");
//		String toJson(Object src, Type typeOfSrc)将指定的对象按指定类型的适配器将其序列化为JSON字符串。
		System.out.print("scores:" + gson.toJson(scores, mapType));
		System.out.println("}");

		// 反序列化
//		T fromJson(String json, Class<T> classOfT)将指定的json字符串反序列化为指定类的对象。
		id = gson.fromJson("2222", Integer.class);
		name = gson.fromJson("\"小刚\"", String.class);
		isMale = gson.fromJson("true", Boolean.class);
		sanWei = gson.fromJson("[60,130,185]", Integer[].class);
//		T fromJson(String json, Type typeOfT)将指定的json字符串按指定类型的适配器将其反序列化为对象。
		familyMembers = gson.fromJson("[\"爸爸\",\"妈妈\",\"哥哥\"]", collectionType);
		scores = gson.fromJson("{\"chinese\":\"100\",\"english\":\"100\",\"math\":\"100\"}", mapType);

		System.out.println("id: " + id);
		System.out.println("name: " + name);
		System.out.println("isMale: " + isMale);
		System.out.println("sanWei: " + Arrays.toString(sanWei));
		System.out.println("familyMembers: " + familyMembers);
		System.out.println("scores: " + scores);
	}
}

3.4. 运行BaseDataBinding.java

4. 对象数据绑定

4.1. 对象数据绑定是指将JSON映射到任何JAVA对象。

4.2. 新建Student.java

package com.fj.dbo;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Map;

public class Student implements Serializable {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	
	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private Boolean isMale;
	private Integer[] sanWei;
	private Collection<String> familyMembers;
	private Map<String, String> scores;
	
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	
	public Boolean isMale() {
		return isMale;
	}

	public void setMale(Boolean isMale) {
		this.isMale = isMale;
	}

	public Integer[] getSanWei() {
		return sanWei;
	}

	public void setSanWei(Integer[] sanWei) {
		this.sanWei = sanWei;
	}

	public Collection<String> getFamilyMembers() {
		return familyMembers;
	}

	public void setFamilyMembers(Collection<String> familyMembers) {
		this.familyMembers = familyMembers;
	}

	public Map<String, String> getScores() {
		return scores;
	}

	public void setScores(Map<String, String> scores) {
		this.scores = scores;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", isMale=" + isMale + ", sanWei=" + Arrays.toString(sanWei)
				+ ", familyMembers=" + familyMembers + ", scores=" + scores + "]";
	}
}

4.3. 新建ObjectDataBinding.java

package com.fj.dbo;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.google.gson.GsonBuilder;

public class ObjectDataBinding {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// 创建一个学生对象
		Student student = new Student();
		student.setId(1111);
		student.setName("张三");
		student.setMale(false);
		Integer[] sanWei = {100,90,85};
		student.setSanWei(sanWei);
		Collection<String> familyMembers = new ArrayList<String>();
		familyMembers.add("爸爸");
		familyMembers.add("妈妈");
		familyMembers.add("妹妹");
		student.setFamilyMembers(familyMembers);
		Map<String, String> scores = new HashMap<String, String>();
		scores.put("chinese", "90");
		scores.put("math", "100");
		scores.put("english", "90");
		student.setScores(scores);

		// 1. Gson构造器
		GsonBuilder builder = new GsonBuilder();
		// 2. 格式良好的输出
		builder.setPrettyPrinting();
		// 3. 创建Gson对象
		Gson gson = builder.create();
		
		// 4. JavaBean转化为JSON字符串
		String jsonString = gson.toJson(student);
		System.out.println(jsonString);

		// 5. JSON字符串转化为JavaBean
		student = gson.fromJson(jsonString, Student.class);
		System.out.println(student);
	}
}

4.4. 运行ObjectDataBinding.java