Linux操作系统小练习

最新推荐文章于 2024-02-23 09:56:04 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-02-23 09:56:04 发布

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文章标签： linux 运维服务器

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/aihua002/article/details/133578688

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（1、文件查看: 查看/etc/passwd文件的第5行

[root@server1 ~]# head -5 /etc/passwd |tail -1 
lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
[root@server1 ~]#

2、文件查找

(1)在当前目录及子目录中，查找大写字母开头的txt文件
[root@server1 /]# find . -name  '*[A-Z]*.txt'
./etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/NIC2.txt
./root/NICETC.txt
./usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/python_dateutil-2.8.1-py3.9.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
./usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/iniparse-0.4-py3.9.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
./usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/idna-2.10-py3.9.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
./usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyinotify-0.9.6-py3.9.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
./usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/python_linux_procfs-0.7.0-py3.9.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
./usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyudev-0.22.0-py3.9.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
./usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/dasbus-1.4-py3.9.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
./usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/decorator-4.4.2-py3.9.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
./usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/PySocks-1.7.1-py3.9.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
./usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3-1.26.5-py3.9.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
./usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/file_magic-0.4.0-py3.9.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
./usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip-21.2.3.dist-info/LICENSE.txt
./usr/lib64/python3.9/lib2to3/Grammar.txt
./usr/lib64/python3.9/lib2to3/PatternGrammar.txt
./usr/lib64/python3.9/LICENSE.txt
./usr/lib64/python3.9/site-packages/README.txt
./usr/lib64/python3.9/site-packages/dbus_python-1.2.18-py3.9.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
./usr/lib64/python3.9/site-packages/lxml-4.6.5-py3.9.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
./usr/lib64/python3.9/site-packages/setools-4.4.0-py3.9.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
./usr/lib64/python3.9/site-packages/libcomps-0.1.18-py3.9.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
./usr/lib64/python3.9/site-packages/ethtool-0.15-py3.9.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
./usr/lib64/python3.9/site-packages/subscription_manager-1.29.30-py3.9.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
./usr/lib64/python3.9/site-packages/PyYAML-5.4.1-py3.9.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
./usr/lib64/python3.9/site-packages/pycairo-1.20.1-py3.9.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
./usr/lib64/python3.9/site-packages/psutil-5.8.0-py3.9.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
./usr/share/licenses/adobe-mappings-cmap/LICENSE.txt
./usr/share/licenses/linux-firmware/LICENCE.ralink-firmware.txt
./usr/share/licenses/linux-firmware/LICENCE.rtlwifi_firmware.txt
./usr/share/licenses/adobe-source-code-pro-fonts/LICENSE.txt
./usr/share/licenses/adobe-mappings-pdf/LICENSE.txt
./usr/share/licenses/fuse3-libs/LGPL2.txt
./usr/share/licenses/fuse3/GPL2.txt
./usr/share/licenses/libproxy/Copyright.txt
./usr/share/licenses/vulkan-loader/LICENSE.txt
./usr/share/licenses/inih/LICENSE.txt
./usr/share/licenses/openssl-libs/LICENSE.txt
./usr/share/licenses/graphene/LICENSE.txt
./usr/share/licenses/openssl/LICENSE.txt
./usr/share/licenses/python3-pip-wheel/LICENSE.txt
./usr/share/licenses/python3-lxml/BSD.txt
./usr/share/licenses/python3-lxml/LICENSES.txt
./usr/share/licenses/python3-decorator/LICENSE.txt
./usr/share/licenses/python3-urllib3/LICENSE.txt
./usr/share/licenses/python3-systemd/LICENSE.txt
./usr/share/licenses/usbutils/GPL-2.0.txt
./usr/share/licenses/usbutils/GPL-3.0.txt
./usr/share/licenses/dos2unix/COPYING.txt
./usr/share/licenses/jomolhari-fonts/OFL.txt
./usr/share/licenses/khmer-os-system-fonts/License.txt
./usr/share/licenses/pt-sans-fonts/PTSSM_OFL.txt
./usr/share/licenses/sil-abyssinica-fonts/OFL.txt
./usr/share/licenses/smc-meera-fonts/LICENSE.txt
./usr/share/doc/adobe-mappings-cmap/VERSIONS.txt
./usr/share/doc/google-droid-sans-fonts/README.txt
./usr/share/doc/mesa-filesystem/Mesa-MLAA-License-Clarification-Email.txt
./usr/share/doc/libstemmer/BSD.txt
./usr/share/doc/libstemmer/Notice.txt
./usr/share/doc/libical/ReleaseNotes.txt
./usr/share/doc/hunspell-en-US/README_en_US.txt
./usr/share/doc/vim-common/README.txt
./usr/share/doc/vim-common/README_ami.txt
./usr/share/doc/vim-common/README_amibin.txt
./usr/share/doc/vim-common/README_amisrc.txt
./usr/share/doc/vim-common/README_bindos.txt
./usr/share/doc/vim-common/README_dos.txt
./usr/share/doc/vim-common/README_extra.txt
./usr/share/doc/vim-common/README_mac.txt
./usr/share/doc/vim-common/README_ole.txt
./usr/share/doc/vim-common/README_os2.txt
./usr/share/doc/vim-common/README_os390.txt
./usr/share/doc/vim-common/README_src.txt
./usr/share/doc/vim-common/README_srcdos.txt
./usr/share/doc/vim-common/README_unix.txt
./usr/share/doc/vim-common/README_vms.txt
./usr/share/doc/vim-common/README_w32s.txt
./usr/share/doc/systemd/LICENSES/BSD-2-Clause.txt
./usr/share/doc/systemd/LICENSES/BSD-3-Clause.txt
./usr/share/doc/systemd/LICENSES/CC0-1.0.txt
./usr/share/doc/systemd/LICENSES/LGPL-2.0-or-later.txt
./usr/share/doc/systemd/LICENSES/Linux-syscall-note.txt
./usr/share/doc/systemd/LICENSES/MIT.txt
./usr/share/doc/systemd/LICENSES/OFL-1.1.txt
./usr/share/doc/net-snmp-libs/IETF-MIB-LICENSE.txt
./usr/share/doc/python3-urllib3/CONTRIBUTORS.txt
./usr/share/doc/brlapi/Manual-BrlAPI/English/BrlAPI.txt
./usr/share/doc/pnm2ppa/CALIBRATION.txt
./usr/share/doc/pnm2ppa/COLOR.txt
./usr/share/doc/pnm2ppa/INSTALL.REDHAT.txt
./usr/share/doc/tuned/TIPS.txt
./usr/share/doc/dos2unix/ChangeLog.txt
./usr/share/doc/dos2unix/NEWS.txt
./usr/share/doc/dos2unix/README.txt
./usr/share/doc/dos2unix/TODO.txt
./usr/share/doc/symlinks/symlinks-LICENSE.txt
./usr/share/doc/jomolhari-fonts/FONTLOG.txt
./usr/share/doc/jomolhari-fonts/OFL-FAQ.txt
./usr/share/doc/lohit-assamese-fonts/OFL.txt
./usr/share/doc/lohit-bengali-fonts/OFL.txt
./usr/share/doc/lohit-devanagari-fonts/OFL.txt
./usr/share/doc/lohit-gujarati-fonts/OFL.txt
./usr/share/doc/lohit-kannada-fonts/OFL.txt
./usr/share/doc/lohit-odia-fonts/OFL.txt
./usr/share/doc/lohit-tamil-fonts/OFL.txt
./usr/share/doc/lohit-telugu-fonts/OFL.txt
./usr/share/doc/paktype-naskh-basic-fonts/PakType_Naskh_Basic_License.txt
./usr/share/doc/sil-abyssinica-fonts/DOCUMENTATION.txt
./usr/share/doc/sil-abyssinica-fonts/FONTLOG.txt
./usr/share/doc/sil-abyssinica-fonts/OFL-FAQ.txt
./usr/share/doc/sil-abyssinica-fonts/README.txt
./usr/share/doc/sil-nuosu-fonts/FONTLOG.txt
./usr/share/doc/sil-nuosu-fonts/OFL.txt
./usr/share/doc/sil-padauk-fonts/FONTLOG.txt
./usr/share/doc/sil-padauk-fonts/OFL-FAQ.txt
./usr/share/doc/sil-padauk-fonts/OFL.txt
./usr/share/doc/sil-padauk-fonts/README.txt
./usr/share/doc/sil-padauk-fonts/documentation/DOCUMENTATION.txt
./usr/share/doc/stix-fonts/STIX_2.0.2_release_notes.txt
./usr/share/doc/cowsay/LICENSE.txt
./usr/share/vim/vim82/autoload/README.txt
./usr/share/vim/vim82/colors/README.txt
./usr/share/vim/vim82/compiler/README.txt
./usr/share/vim/vim82/ftplugin/README.txt
./usr/share/vim/vim82/indent/README.txt
./usr/share/vim/vim82/keymap/README.txt
./usr/share/vim/vim82/lang/README.txt
./usr/share/vim/vim82/macros/README.txt
./usr/share/vim/vim82/macros/maze/README.txt
./usr/share/vim/vim82/macros/urm/README.txt
./usr/share/vim/vim82/plugin/README.txt
./usr/share/vim/vim82/syntax/README.txt
./usr/share/vim/vim82/tutor/README.el.cp737.txt
./usr/share/vim/vim82/tutor/README.el.txt
./usr/share/vim/vim82/tutor/README.txt
./usr/share/gnupg/help.pt_BR.txt
./usr/share/gnupg/help.zh_CN.txt
./usr/share/gnupg/help.zh_TW.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/AGENTX-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/BRIDGE-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/SNMP-TLS-TM-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/DISMAN-EVENT-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/SNMP-TSM-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/DISMAN-SCHEDULE-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/SNMP-USM-AES-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/DISMAN-SCRIPT-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/EtherLike-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/HCNUM-TC.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/SNMP-USER-BASED-SM-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/HOST-RESOURCES-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/SNMP-USM-DH-OBJECTS-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/HOST-RESOURCES-TYPES.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/SNMP-TARGET-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/IANA-ADDRESS-FAMILY-NUMBERS-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/SNMP-USM-HMAC-SHA2-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/IANA-LANGUAGE-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/SNMP-VIEW-BASED-ACM-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/IANA-RTPROTO-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/IANAifType-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/SNMPv2-CONF.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/IF-INVERTED-STACK-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/IF-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/TUNNEL-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/INET-ADDRESS-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/IP-FORWARD-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/IP-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/UCD-DEMO-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/IPV6-FLOW-LABEL-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/IPV6-ICMP-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/IPV6-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/IPV6-TC.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/IPV6-TCP-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/IPV6-UDP-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/LM-SENSORS-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/MTA-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/UCD-DISKIO-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/NET-SNMP-AGENT-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/UCD-DLMOD-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/NET-SNMP-EXAMPLES-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/UCD-IPFWACC-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/NET-SNMP-EXTEND-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/NET-SNMP-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/UCD-SNMP-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/NET-SNMP-PASS-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/NET-SNMP-TC.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/UDP-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/NET-SNMP-VACM-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/NETWORK-SERVICES-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/NOTIFICATION-LOG-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/RFC-1215.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/RFC1155-SMI.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/RFC1213-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/RMON-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/SCTP-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/SMUX-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/SNMP-COMMUNITY-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/SNMP-FRAMEWORK-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/SNMP-MPD-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/SNMP-NOTIFICATION-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/SNMP-PROXY-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/SNMPv2-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/SNMPv2-SMI.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/SNMPv2-TC.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/SNMPv2-TM.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/TCP-MIB.txt
./usr/share/snmp/mibs/TRANSPORT-ADDRESS-MIB.txt
./usr/share/perl5/unicore/Blocks.txt
./usr/share/perl5/unicore/NamedSequences.txt
./usr/share/perl5/unicore/SpecialCasing.txt
./opt/QQ/LICENSE.electron.txt
[root@server1 /]#

(2)在/etc及其子目录中，查找开头的文件
[root@server1 /]# find /etc/ -type f  -name '开头*'
[root@server1 /]#

(3)在$HOME目录及其子目录中，查找所有文本文件
[root@server1 ~]# find $HOME -name  '*.txt'
/root/t1/temp1.txt
/root/tests1/t1.txt
/root/tests1/t2.txt
/root/tests1/t3.txt
/root/NICETC.txt
/root/t1.txt
/root/t4.txt
/root/d1.txt
/root/b2.txt
/root/nic1.txt
[root@server1 ~]#

(4)忽略文件名大小写查找a.txt4
[root@server1 ~]# find . -iname 'a.txt4'
[root@server1 ~]#

3、查找文件 /etc/passwd中包含字符串 ro 的所有行。将所有这些行的副本按原始顺序放在文件/root/files1中

[root@server1 ~]# grep ro   /etc/passwd
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin
rtkit:x:172:172:RealtimeKit:/proc:/sbin/nologin
setroubleshoot:x:992:988:SELinux troubleshoot server:/var/lib/setroubleshoot:/sbin/nologin
chrony:x:986:981::/var/lib/chrony:/sbin/nologin
[root@server1 ~]# grep ro   /etc/passwd >> /root/files1
[root@server1 ~]# vim /root/files1 
[root@server1 ~]#

4、将整个 /etc 目录下的文件全部打包并用 gzip 压缩成/back/etcback.tar.gz

[root@server1 ~]# tar -zcvf /back/etcback.tar.gz /etc/
tar: 从成员名中删除开头的“/”
/etc/
/etc/mtab
/etc/fstab
/etc/crypttab
/etc/lvm/
/etc/lvm/devices/
/etc/lvm/devices/system.devices
/etc/lvm/archive/
/etc/lvm/archive/rhel_00000-943198241.vg
/etc/lvm/backup/
/etc/lvm/backup/rhel
/etc/lvm/cache/
/etc/lvm/lvm.conf
/etc/lvm/lvmlocal.conf
/etc/lvm/profile/
/etc/lvm/profile/cache-mq.profile
/etc/lvm/profile/cache-smq.profile
/etc/lvm/profile/command_profile_template.profile
/etc/lvm/profile/lvmdbusd.profile
/etc/lvm/profile/metadata_profile_template.profile
/etc/lvm/profile/thin-generic.profile
/etc/lvm/profile/thin-performance.profile
/etc/lvm/profile/vdo-small.profile
/etc/resolv.conf
/etc/dnf/
/etc/dnf/modules.d/
/etc/dnf/aliases.d/
/etc/dnf/dnf.conf
/etc/dnf/modules.defaults.d/
/etc/dnf/plugins/
/etc/dnf/plugins/copr.conf
/etc/dnf/plugins/copr.d/
/etc/dnf/plugins/debuginfo-install.conf
/etc/dnf/plugins/kpatch.conf
/etc/dnf/plugins/product-id.conf
/etc/dnf/plugins/subscription-manager.conf
/etc/dnf/protected.d/
/etc/dnf/protected.d/dnf.conf
/etc/dnf/protected.d/redhat-release.conf
/etc/dnf/protected.d/systemd.conf
/etc/dnf/protected.d/grub2-tools-minimal.conf
/etc/dnf/protected.d/sudo.conf
/etc/dnf/protected.d/yum.conf
/etc/dnf/protected.d/grub2-pc.conf
/etc/dnf/vars/
/etc/fonts/
/etc/fonts/conf.d/
/etc/fonts/conf.d/31-cantarell.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-google-noto-sans-gurmukhi.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-google-noto-cjk-fonts.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-0-thai-scalable-waree.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-0-google-noto-sans-cjk-ttc.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-google-noto-sans-sinhala-vf.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-0-google-noto-serif-cjk-ttc.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-1-lohit-devanagari.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/59-liberation-mono.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/61-urw-standard-symbols-ps.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/20-unhint-small-dejavu-sans-mono.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-0-jomolhari-fonts.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/57-dejavu-sans-mono-fonts.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/61-julietaula-montserrat.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/20-unhint-small-dejavu-sans.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-0-lohit-gujarati.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/57-dejavu-sans-fonts.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-0-khmer-os-system-fonts.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/61-adobe-source-code-pro.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-0-lohit-assamese.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-google-droid-sans-fonts.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-0-lohit-bengali.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/61-urw-fallback-backwards.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-0-lohit-kannada.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/10-hinting-slight.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-lohit-odia.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/10-scale-bitmap-fonts.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-0-lohit-odia.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/11-lcdfilter-default.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-0-lohit-tamil.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/20-unhint-small-vera.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-0-lohit-telugu.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/25-no-bitmap-fedora.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-0-paktype-naskh-basic.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/25-unhint-nonlatin.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/58-pt-sans-fonts.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-metric-aliases.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/40-nonlatin.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/45-generic.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/45-latin.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/48-spacing.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/49-sansserif.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/50-user.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/51-local.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/60-generic.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/60-latin.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/66-sil-abyssinica-fonts.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-fonts-persian.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-nonlatin.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/69-unifont.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/80-delicious.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/90-synthetic.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/README
/etc/fonts/conf.d/61-urw-bookman.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/61-urw-c059.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/66-sil-nuosu.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/61-urw-d050000l.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/61-urw-gothic.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-sil-padauk.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/61-urw-nimbus-mono-ps.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-0-smc-meera.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/61-urw-nimbus-roman.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/65-stix-fonts.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/61-urw-nimbus-sans.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/61-urw-p052.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/61-urw-z003.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/59-liberation-sans.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/59-liberation-serif.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/59-lohit-devanagari.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/20-unhint-small-dejavu-serif.conf
/etc/fonts/conf.d/57-dejavu-serif-fonts.conf
/etc/fonts/fonts.conf
/etc/crypto-policies/
/etc/crypto-policies/back-ends/
/etc/crypto-policies/back-ends/bind.config
/etc/crypto-policies/back-ends/gnutls.config
/etc/crypto-policies/back-ends/java.config
/etc/crypto-policies/back-ends/javasystem.config
/etc/crypto-policies/back-ends/krb5.config
/etc/crypto-policies/back-ends/libreswan.config
/etc/crypto-policies/back-ends/libssh.config
/etc/crypto-policies/back-ends/nss.config
/etc/crypto-policies/back-ends/openssh.config
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/etc/xdg/autostart/xdg-user-dirs.desktop
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/etc/xdg/autostart/tracker-miner-fs-3.desktop
/etc/xdg/autostart/gnome-software-service.desktop
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/etc/xdg/autostart/org.gnome.SettingsDaemon.Color.desktop
/etc/xdg/autostart/org.gnome.SettingsDaemon.Datetime.desktop
/etc/xdg/autostart/spice-vdagent.desktop
/etc/xdg/autostart/org.gnome.SettingsDaemon.Housekeeping.desktop
/etc/xdg/autostart/org.gnome.SettingsDaemon.Keyboard.desktop
/etc/xdg/autostart/org.gnome.SettingsDaemon.MediaKeys.desktop
/etc/xdg/autostart/org.gnome.SettingsDaemon.Power.desktop
/etc/xdg/autostart/org.gnome.SettingsDaemon.DiskUtilityNotify.desktop
/etc/xdg/autostart/org.gnome.SettingsDaemon.PrintNotifications.desktop
/etc/xdg/autostart/org.gnome.SettingsDaemon.Rfkill.desktop
/etc/xdg/autostart/org.gnome.SettingsDaemon.ScreensaverProxy.desktop
/etc/xdg/autostart/org.gnome.SettingsDaemon.Sharing.desktop
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/etc/xdg/autostart/org.gnome.SettingsDaemon.Sound.desktop
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/etc/selinux/targeted/contexts/files/file_contexts.homedirs.bin
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/etc/default/
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/etc/magic
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/etc/xml/
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/etc/groff/
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/etc/egl/
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/etc/tpm2-tss/
/etc/tpm2-tss/fapi-config.json
/etc/tpm2-tss/fapi-profiles/
/etc/tpm2-tss/fapi-profiles/P_ECCP256SHA256.json
/etc/tpm2-tss/fapi-profiles/P_RSA2048SHA256.json
/etc/GREP_COLORS
/etc/vulkan/
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/etc/.pwd.lock
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/etc/vimrc
/etc/iproute2/
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/etc/nftables/
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/etc/nftables/router.nft
/etc/pkgconfig/
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/etc/sane.d/magicolor.conf
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/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/
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tar: 从硬连接目标中删除开头的“/”
/etc/UPower/
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/etc/vmware-tools/vgauth/schemas/xenc-schema.xsd
/etc/vmware-tools/vgauth/schemas/xml.xsd
/etc/vmware-tools/vgauth/schemas/xmldsig-core-schema.xsd
/etc/vmware-tools/vgauth.conf
/etc/chromium/
/etc/chromium/native-messaging-hosts/
/etc/chromium/native-messaging-hosts/org.gnome.chrome_gnome_shell.json
/etc/nvme/
/etc/nvme/discovery.conf
/etc/nvme/hostnqn
/etc/nvme/hostid
/etc/firefox/
/etc/firefox/pref/
/etc/alsa/
/etc/alsa/conf.d/
/etc/alsa/conf.d/50-pipewire.conf
/etc/alsa/conf.d/99-pipewire-default.conf
/etc/alsa/state-daemon.conf
/etc/alsa/alsactl.conf
/etc/ras/
/etc/ras/dimm_labels.d/
/etc/pbm2ppa.conf
/etc/pnm2ppa.conf
/etc/enscript.cfg
/etc/rhc/
/etc/rhc/workers/
/etc/rhc/workers/rhc-package-manager.toml
/etc/rhc/config.toml
/etc/firewalld/
/etc/firewalld/firewalld.conf
/etc/firewalld/helpers/
/etc/firewalld/icmptypes/
/etc/firewalld/ipsets/
/etc/firewalld/lockdown-whitelist.xml
/etc/firewalld/policies/
/etc/firewalld/services/
/etc/firewalld/zones/
/etc/firewalld/zones/public.xml
/etc/firewalld/zones/public.xml.old
/etc/tuned/
/etc/tuned/active_profile
/etc/tuned/bootcmdline
/etc/tuned/post_loaded_profile
/etc/tuned/profile_mode
/etc/tuned/recommend.d/
/etc/tuned/tuned-main.conf
/etc/yum/
/etc/yum/pluginconf.d
/etc/yum/protected.d
/etc/yum/vars
/etc/yum.conf
/etc/grub2.cfg
/etc/pinforc
/etc/at.deny
/etc/dhcp/
/etc/dhcp/dhclient.d/
/etc/dhcp/dhclient.d/chrony.sh
/etc/chrony.conf
/etc/chrony.keys
/etc/mcelog/
/etc/mcelog/mcelog.conf
/etc/mcelog/triggers/
/etc/mcelog/triggers/cache-error-trigger
/etc/mcelog/triggers/dimm-error-trigger
/etc/mcelog/triggers/page-error-trigger
/etc/mcelog/triggers/socket-memory-error-trigger
/etc/microcode_ctl/
/etc/microcode_ctl/ucode_with_caveats/
/etc/updatedb.conf
/etc/smartmontools/
/etc/smartmontools/smartd.conf
/etc/smartmontools/smartd_warning.d/
/etc/smartmontools/smartd_warning.sh
/etc/dnsmasq.conf
/etc/dnsmasq.d/
/etc/qemu-ga/
/etc/qemu-ga/fsfreeze-hook
/etc/qemu-ga/fsfreeze-hook.d/
/etc/man_db.conf
/etc/rsyncd.conf
/etc/wgetrc
/etc/virc
/etc/nanorc
/etc/mailcap
/etc/mime.types
/etc/localtime
/etc/locale.conf
/etc/vconsole.conf
/etc/hostname
/etc/subuid-
/etc/subgid-
/etc/.updated
[root@server1 ~]#

5、使当前用户永久生效的命令别名: 写一个命令命为hello,实现的功能为每输入一次hello命令，就有"hello，everyone"写入文件/file2中。

[root@server1 ~]# alias hello='echo "hello,everyone" >> file2'
[root@server1 ~]# hello
[root@server1 ~]# type hello
hello 是“echo "hello,everyone" >> file2”的别名
[root@server1 ~]#

6、创建mygroup组群，再创建myuser用户，并且此用户属于mygroup组群，接着以myuser身份登录，创建ex和hv两个文件于/home/myuser目录，并使hv文件的同组用户是root。请依次写出相应执行的命令。

[root@server1 ~]# groupadd  mygroup
[root@server1 ~]# useradd -g mygroup  myuser
[root@server1 ~]# su myuser
[myuser@server1 root]$ touch  /home/myuser/ex
[myuser@server1 root]$ touch  /home/myuser/hv
[myuser@server1 root]$  sudo chgrp root /home/myuser/hv

我们信任您已经从系统管理员那里了解了日常注意事项。
总结起来无外乎这三点：

    #1) 尊重别人的隐私。
    #2) 输入前要先考虑(后果和风险)。
    #3) 权力越大，责任越大。

[sudo] myuser 的密码：
myuser 不在 sudoers 文件中。此事将被报告。

7、创建g1组，要求创建一个属于redhat用户g1组的文件redhat.txt

[root@server1 ~]# groupadd g1
[root@server1 ~]# useradd -g g1 redhat
[root@server1 ~]# gpasswd -a redhat g1
正在将用户“redhat”加入到“g1”组中
[root@server1 ~]# passwd redhat
更改用户 redhat 的密码 。
新的密码： 
无效的密码： 密码少于 8 个字符
重新输入新的密码： 
passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。
[root@server1 ~]# su redhat
[redhat@server1 root]$  sudo touch redhat.txt

我们信任您已经从系统管理员那里了解了日常注意事项。
总结起来无外乎这三点：

    #1) 尊重别人的隐私。
    #2) 输入前要先考虑(后果和风险)。
    #3) 权力越大，责任越大。

[sudo] redhat 的密码：
redhat 不在 sudoers 文件中。此事将被报告。
[redhat@server1 root]$