Kotlin 标准函数 笔记

StandardKt 一共150多行代码， 官方文档
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https://www.kotlincn.net/docs/reference/scope-functions

作用域函数可以使代码更加简洁易读：
使⽤时可以通过简单的规则作出⼀些判断：

返回⾃身
从 apply 和 also 中选
作⽤域中使⽤ this 作为参数 ----> 选择 apply
作⽤域中使⽤ it 作为参数 ----> 选择 also
不需要返回⾃身 -> 从 run 和 let 中选择
作⽤域中使⽤ this 作为参数 ----> 选择 run
作⽤域中使⽤ it 作为参数 ----> 选择 let

apply 适合对⼀个对象做附加操作的时候
let 适合配合空判断的时候 (最好是成员变量，⽽不是局部变量，局部变量更适合⽤ if )
with 适合对同⼀个对象进⾏多次操作的时候

简短：
对一个非空（non-null）对象执行 lambda 表达式：let
将表达式作为变量引入为局部作用域中：let
对象配置：apply
对象配置并且计算结果：run
在需要表达式的地方运行语句：非扩展的 run
附加效果：also
一个对象的一组函数调用：with

图表：

import kotlin.contracts.*

/**
 * Calls the specified function [block] and returns its result.
 *
 * For detailed usage information see the documentation for [scope functions](https://kotlinlang.org/docs/reference/scope-functions.html#run).
 */
@kotlin.internal.InlineOnly
public inline fun <R> run(block: () -> R): R {
 ...
    return block()
}

/**
 * Calls the specified function [block] with `this` value as its receiver and returns its result.
 *
 * For detailed usage information see the documentation for [scope functions](https://kotlinlang.org/docs/reference/scope-functions.html#run).
 */
@kotlin.internal.InlineOnly
public inline fun <T, R> T.run(block: T.() -> R): R {
...
    return block()
}

/**
 * Calls the specified function [block] with the given [receiver] as its receiver and returns its result.
 *
 * For detailed usage information see the documentation for [scope functions](https://kotlinlang.org/docs/reference/scope-functions.html#with).
 */
@kotlin.internal.InlineOnly
public inline fun <T, R> with(receiver: T, block: T.() -> R): R {
  ...
    return receiver.block()
}

/**
 * Calls the specified function [block] with `this` value as its receiver and returns `this` value.
 *
 * For detailed usage information see the documentation for [scope functions](https://kotlinlang.org/docs/reference/scope-functions.html#apply).
 */
@kotlin.internal.InlineOnly
public inline fun <T> T.apply(block: T.() -> Unit): T {
...
    block()
    return this
}

/**
 * Calls the specified function [block] with `this` value as its argument and returns `this` value.
 *
 * For detailed usage information see the documentation for [scope functions](https://kotlinlang.org/docs/reference/scope-functions.html#also).
 */
@kotlin.internal.InlineOnly
@SinceKotlin("1.1")
public inline fun <T> T.also(block: (T) -> Unit): T {
    ...
    block(this)
    return this
}

/**
 * Calls the specified function [block] with `this` value as its argument and returns its result.
 *
 * For detailed usage information see the documentation for [scope functions](https://kotlinlang.org/docs/reference/scope-functions.html#let).
 */
@kotlin.internal.InlineOnly
public inline fun <T, R> T.let(block: (T) -> R): R {
  ...
    return block(this)
}

/**
 * Returns `this` value if it satisfies the given [predicate] or `null`, if it doesn't.
 *
 * For detailed usage information see the documentation for [scope functions](https://kotlinlang.org/docs/reference/scope-functions.html#takeif-and-takeunless).
 */
@kotlin.internal.InlineOnly
@SinceKotlin("1.1")
public inline fun <T> T.takeIf(predicate: (T) -> Boolean): T? {
...
    return if (predicate(this)) this else null
}

/**
 * Returns `this` value if it _does not_ satisfy the given [predicate] or `null`, if it does.
 *
 * For detailed usage information see the documentation for [scope functions](https://kotlinlang.org/docs/reference/scope-functions.html#takeif-and-takeunless).
 */
@kotlin.internal.InlineOnly
@SinceKotlin("1.1")
public inline fun <T> T.takeUnless(predicate: (T) -> Boolean): T? {
    contract {
        callsInPlace(predicate, InvocationKind.EXACTLY_ONCE)
    }
    return if (!predicate(this)) this else null
}

/**
 * Executes the given function [action] specified number of [times].
 *
 * A zero-based index of current iteration is passed as a parameter to [action].
 *
 * @sample samples.misc.ControlFlow.repeat
 */
@kotlin.internal.InlineOnly
public inline fun repeat(times: Int, action: (Int) -> Unit) {
 	...

    for (index in 0 until times) {
        action(index)
    }
}