PHP实现单例模式

<?php
class Test{
    //保存实例在此属性中,$_instance必须声明为静态的私有变量
    private static $_instance;

    //构造函数必须声明为private,防止外部new
    private function __construct() {
           
    }
    
    //将__clone方法设置为私有,禁止clone对象实例
    private function __clone() {
        
    }

    //单例方法
    public static function getInstance() {
        $class = __CLASS__;
        if(!(self::$_instance instanceof $class)) {
            self::$_instance = new $class;
        }
        return self::$_instance;
    }

    //普通方法
    public function sayHello() {
        echo 'Hello World!';        
    }
}

//error:Call to private Test::__construct()
$test = new Test(); 

//error:Call to private Test::__clone()
$test_clone = clone $test;

$test = Test::getInstance();
$test->sayHello();