关于pymysql对mysql数据库的查询封装、DBUtils链接池

一、pytest常规封装

缺点：每次调用，都会重新连接一次数据库，耗费时长；

import pymysql
class SQLHelper(object):
    '''
    在外面调用该类方法：SQLHelper.fetch_one('select id , name from userinfo where name=%s and pwd=%s', [user, pwd])
    如果是调用fetch_many，调用该类方法：SQLHelper.fetch_many('select id , name from userinfo where name=%s and pwd=%s', [user, pwd]，num)
    '''

    @staticmethod
    def open():
        conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='123456', db='flask_study')
        cursor = conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
        return conn,cursor

    @staticmethod
    def close(conn,cursor):
        conn.commit()
        cursor.close()
        conn.close()


    @classmethod
    def fetch_one(cls,sql,args):
        '''
        查询1个满足条件的数据
        :param sql:
        :param args:
        :return:
        '''
        conn,cursor = cls.open()
        cursor.execute(sql,args)
        obj = cursor.fetchone()
        cls.close(conn,cursor)
        return obj

    @classmethod
    def fetch_all(cls,sql,args):
        '''
        查询所有满足条件的数据
        :param sql:
        :param args:
        :return:
        '''
        conn,cursor = cls.open()
        cursor.execute(sql,args)
        obj = cursor.fetchall()
        cls.close(conn,cursor)
        return obj

    @classmethod
    def fetch_many(cls,sql,args,num):
        '''
        查询num个满足条件的数据
        :param sql:
        :param args:
        :param num:
        :return:
        '''
        conn,cursor = cls.open()
        cursor.execute(sql,args)
        obj = cursor.fetchmany(num)
        cls.close(conn,cursor)
        return obj

二、DBUtils链接池

备注：创建链接池后，避免了每次连接数据库

pip install DBUtils

2.1 创建一个pool.py文件

import time
import pymysql
import threading
from dbutils.pooled_db import PooledDB,SharedDBConnection
POOL = PooledDB(
    creator=pymysql,  # 使用链接数据库的模块
    maxconnections=6,  # 连接池允许的最大连接数，0和None表示不限制连接数
    mincached=2,  # 初始化时，链接池中至少创建的空闲的链接，0表示不创建
    maxcached=5,  # 链接池中最多闲置的链接，0和None不限制
    maxshared=3,  # 链接池中最多共享的链接数量，0和None表示全部共享。PS: 无用，因为pymysql和MySQLdb等模块的 threadsafety都为1，所有值无论设置为多少，_maxcached永远为0，所以永远是所有链接都共享。
    blocking=True,  # 连接池中如果没有可用连接后，是否阻塞等待。True，等待；False，不等待然后报错
    maxusage=None,  # 一个链接最多被重复使用的次数，None表示无限制
    setsession=[],  # 开始会话前执行的命令列表。如：["set datestyle to ...", "set time zone ..."]
    ping=0,
    # ping MySQL服务端，检查是否服务可用。# 如：0 = None = never, 1 = default = whenever it is requested, 2 = when a cursor is created, 4 = when a query is executed, 7 = always
    host='127.0.0.1',
    port=3306,
    user='root',
    password='123456',
    database='flask_study',
    charset='utf8'
)

2.2 第一点中，进行引入，封装

import pymysql
class SQLHelper(object):
    '''
    在外面调用该类方法：SQLHelper.fetch_one('select id , name from userinfo where name=%s and pwd=%s', [user, pwd])
    如果是调用fetch_many，调用该类方法：SQLHelper.fetch_many('select id , name from userinfo where name=%s and pwd=%s', [user, pwd]，num)
    '''

    @staticmethod
    def open():
    	from .pool import POOL
        conn = POOL.connection()
        cursor = conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
        return conn,cursor

    @staticmethod
    def close(conn,cursor):
        conn.commit()
        cursor.close()
        conn.close()


    @classmethod
    def fetch_one(cls,sql,args):
        '''
        查询1个满足条件的数据
        :param sql:
        :param args:
        :return:
        '''
        conn,cursor = cls.open()
        cursor.execute(sql,args)
        obj = cursor.fetchone()
        cls.close(conn,cursor)
        return obj

    @classmethod
    def fetch_all(cls,sql,args):
        '''
        查询所有满足条件的数据
        :param sql:
        :param args:
        :return:
        '''
        conn,cursor = cls.open()
        cursor.execute(sql,args)
        obj = cursor.fetchall()
        cls.close(conn,cursor)
        return obj

    @classmethod
    def fetch_many(cls,sql,args,num):
        '''
        查询num个满足条件的数据
        :param sql:
        :param args:
        :param num:
        :return:
        '''
        conn,cursor = cls.open()
        cursor.execute(sql,args)
        obj = cursor.fetchmany(num)
        cls.close(conn,cursor)
        return obj