安装 Tomcat & JDK
- 安装时候选择 tomcat 软件版本要与程序开发使用的版本一致。jdk 版本要进行与 tomcat 保持一致。
1、系统环境说明
[root@test.com ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)
[root@test.com ~]# uname -a
Linux test.com 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Aug 22 21:09:27 UTC 2017 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@test.com ~]# getenforce
Disabled
[root@test.com ~]# systemctl status firewalld.service
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
Docs: man:firewalld(1)
2 、安装 JDK
1、命令集
[root@test.com ~]# tar xf jdk-8u201-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@test.com ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@test.com local]# ln -s jdk1.8.0_201/ java
# 设置环境变量
[root@test.com ~]# vim /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java
export JRE_HOME=/usr/local/java/jre
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$PATH
[root@test.com ~]# source /etc/profile
2、测试jdk是否安装成功
[root@test.com ~]# java -version
java version "jdk1.8.0_201"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_60-b27)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.60-b23, mixed mode)
3、安装Tomcat
[root@test.com ~]# tar xf apache-tomcat-8.0.27.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@test.com ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@test.com ~]# ln -s /usr/laocal/apache-tomcat-8.0.27 /usr/local/tomcat
# 设置环境变量
[root@test.com ~]# vim /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java
export TOMCAT_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat
export JRE_HOME=/usr/local/java/jre
export PATH=$TOMCAT_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$PATH
# 注意授权,统一权限
[root@test.com ~]# chown -R root.root /usr/local/jdk/ /usr/local/tomcat/
4、检查tomcat是否安装成功
[root@test.com ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/version.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/jdk
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Server version: Apache Tomcat/8.0.27
Server built: Sep 28 2015 08:17:25 UTC
Server number: 8.0.27.0
OS Name: Linux
OS Version: 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
Architecture: amd64
JVM Version: 1.8.0_60-b27
JVM Vendor: Oracle Corporation
3、Tomcat 的管理
# 启动程序/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
# 关闭程序/usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
4、检查tomcat是否启动正常
[root@test.com ~]# netstat -lntup |grep java
tcp6 0 0 :::8080 :::* LISTEN 30560/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:8005 :::* LISTEN 30560/java
tcp6 0 0 :::8009 :::* LISTEN 30560/java
5、Tomcat 日志说明
[root@test.com ~]# tailf /usr/local/tomcat/logs/catalina.out
24-Nov-2017 15:09:51.654 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.start Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
24-Nov-2017 15:09:51.665 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.start Starting ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
24-Nov-2017 15:09:51.670 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start Server startup in 60037 ms
6、WEB站点部署
-
上线的代码有两种方式:
- 第一种方式是直接将程序目录放在 webapps 目录下面。
- 第二种方式是使用开发工具将程序打包成 war 包,然后上传到 webapps 目录下面。
1、直接部署 web 站点
[root@test.com webapps]# pwd
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps
[root@test.com webapps]#
[root@test.com webapps]# cat /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/memtest/meminfo.jsp
<%
Runtime rtm = Runtime.getRuntime();
long mm = rtm.maxMemory()/1024/1024;
long tm = rtm.totalMemory()/1024/1024;
long fm = rtm.freeMemory()/1024/1024;
out.println("JVM memory detail info :<br>");
out.println("Max memory:"+mm+"MB"+"<br>");
out.println("Total memory:"+tm+"MB"+"<br>");
out.println("Free memory:"+fm+"MB"+"<br>");
out.println("Available memory can be used is :"+(mm+fm-tm)+"MB"+"<br>");
%>
站点部署
[root@test.com webapps]# ls
docs examples host-manager logs manager memtest memtest.war ROOT
2、自定义默认网站目录
方法一
- 将 meminfo.jsp 或其他程序放在 tomcat/webapps/ROOT目录下即可。因为默认网站根目录为 tomcat/webapps/ROOT
方法二
[root@test.com ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml +125
…… #添加上这两行
<Context path="" docBase="/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/memtest" debug="0" reloadable="false" crossContext="true"/>
<Context path="/40team" docBase="/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/memtest" debug="0" reloadable="false" crossContext="true"/>
……
修改配置文件后,要重启服务
[root@test.com ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
[root@test.com ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
7、Tomcat 多实例配置
多虚拟主机:nginx 多个Server标签(域名,ip,端口) 进程数量固定 master+worker
多实例(多进程):同一个程序启动多次,分为两种情况:
第一种:一台机器跑多个站点;
第二种:一个机器跑一个站点多个实例,配合负载均衡
1、复制程序文件
[root@test.com ~]# cd /usr/local/tools/
[root@test.com ~]# tar xf apache-tomcat-8.0.27.tar.gz
[root@test.com ~]# cp -a apache-tomcat-8.0.27 tomcat8_1
[root@test.com ~]# cp -a apache-tomcat-8.0.27 tomcat8_2
2、修改端口,以启动多实例。多实例之间端口不能一致
[root@test.com ~]# sed -i 's#8005#8011#;s#8080#8081#' tomcat8_1/conf/server.xml
[root@test.com ~]# sed -i 's#8005#8012#;s#8080#8082#' tomcat8_2/conf/server.xml
[root@test.com application]# diff tomcat8_1/conf/server.xml tomcat8_2/conf/server.xml
22c22
< <Server port="8011" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
---
> <Server port="8012" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
67c67
< Define a non-SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8081
---
> Define a non-SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8082
69c69
< <Connector port="8081" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
---
> <Connector port="8082" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
75c75
< port="8081" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
---
> port="8082" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
3、将配置好的tomcat程序打包,以备之后使用
[root@test.com ~]# tar zcf muti_tomcat8.tar.gz ./tomcat8_1 ./tomcat8_2
4、启动tomcat多实例
[root@test.com ~]# /usr/local/tomcat8_1/bin/startup.sh
[root@test.com ~]# /usr/local/tomcat8_2/bin/startup.sh
5、检查端口是否启动
[root@test.com tomcat8_1]# netstat -lntup |grep java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:8011 :::* LISTEN 31906/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:8012 :::* LISTEN 31932/java
tcp6 0 0 :::8080 :::* LISTEN 31812/java
tcp6 0 0 :::8081 :::* LISTEN 31906/java
tcp6 0 0 :::8082 :::* LISTEN 31932/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:8005 :::* LISTEN 31812/java
tcp6 0 0 :::8009 :::* LISTEN 31812/java
6、将每个实例的网页进行区分
[root@test.com ~]# echo 8081 >>/usr/local/tomcat8_1/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp
[root@test.com ~]# echo 8082 >>/usr/local/tomcat8_2/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp
7、在浏览器访问,进行测试
使用curl 命令进行测试,awk 进行关键字提取
[root@test.com ~]# curl -s 10.0.0.5|awk 'END{print}'
8082
[root@test.com ~]# curl -s 10.0.0.5|awk 'END{print}'
8081