spring中实现aop的例子及说明

面向方面编程(aspect-oriented prigraming, AOP)进一步完善了OOP, OOP的三个基本特性(封装,继承,多态)将应用程序的设计从类的内部和类的纵向关系考虑, 但是实际的应用程序还有一个复杂的问题没有在OOP中解决,那就是类之间在横向上的复杂交互关系, 在OOP中解决这个问题依靠的是设计模式. 但是设计模式并不是一个初学者容易掌握的技术. AOP在OOP的基础上又将程序分解成方面(aspect), 这使得我们可以模块化各个方面.方面在实际应用中比较常见的如日志，安全，事务管理等。

目前在java中实现AOP最获得认可的事aspectJ和spring AOP, aspectJ在java的语言中加入了多个新的语法成分,因而需要采取特殊的编译过程.而spring中没有改变java的语法,而是通过配置文件定义类之间的关系.从而不需要特殊的编译过程就可以实现面向方面的编程.

下面的例子演示了spring中AOP的运用，我们希望在连接点IBusinessLogic.foo()方法上采用MethodInterceptor，AfterReturningAdvice ，MethodBeforeAdvice， AroundAdvice，而在连接点IBusinessLogic.bar()上采用MethodInterceptor，AfterReturningAdvice ，MethodBeforeAdvice， AroundAdvice，ThrowsAdvice
定义业务

逻辑接口

package aop;

public interface IBusinessLogic {

  public void foo();



  public void bar() throws BusinessLogicException;

}

实现业务逻辑

package aop;



public class BusinessLogic implements IBusinessLogic {



  public void foo() {

    System.out.println("Inside BusinessLogic.foo()");



  }



  public void bar() throws BusinessLogicException {

    System.out.println("Inside BusinessLogic.bar()");

    throw new BusinessLogicException();

  }



}



package aop;



import org.springframework.aop.ThrowsAdvice;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;



public class LoggingThrowsAdvice implements ThrowsAdvice {

  public void afterThrowing(Method method, Object[] args, Object target,

      Throwable subclass) {

    System.out.println("Logging that a " + subclass

        + " Exception was thrown.");

  }

}



package aop;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;

import org.springframework.aop.AfterReturningAdvice;

public class TracingAfterAdvice implements AfterReturningAdvice {

  public void afterReturning(Object arg0, Method arg1, Object[] arg2,

      Object arg3) throws Throwable {

    System.out.println("Hello world! (by " + this.getClass().getName()

        + ")");

  }



}



package aop;

import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInterceptor;

import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInvocation;

public class TracingAroundAdvice implements MethodInterceptor {

  public Object invoke(MethodInvocation mi) throws Throwable {

    System.out.println("Inside in TracingAroundAdvice:invoke()");

    Object obj = mi.proceed();

    System.out.println("Inside in TracingAroundAdvice:invoke()");

    return obj;

  }



}



package aop;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;

import org.springframework.aop.MethodBeforeAdvice;

public class TracingBeforeAdvice implements MethodBeforeAdvice {

  public void before(Method arg0, Object[] arg1, Object arg2)

      throws Throwable {

    System.out.println("Hello world! (by " + this.getClass().getName()

        + ")");

  }

}



<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">

<beans>

  <!--business logic bean-->

  <bean id="beanTarget" class="aop.BusinessLogic"></bean>



  <!-- Advice classes -->

  <bean id="theTracingBeforeAdvice" class="aop.TracingBeforeAdvice"/>

  <bean id="theTracingAfterAdvice" class="aop.TracingAfterAdvice"/>

  <bean id="theLoggingThrowsAdvice" class="aop.LoggingThrowsAdvice"/>  

  <bean id="theTracingAroundAdvice" class="aop.TracingAroundAdvice"/>



  <!-- Advisor pointcut definition for before advice -->

  <bean id="theTracingBeforeAdvisor"  class="org.springframework.aop.support.RegexpMethodPointcutAdvisor">

    <property name="advice">

      <ref local="theTracingBeforeAdvice"/>

    </property>

    <property name="pattern">

      <value>.*</value>

    </property>

  </bean>



  <!-- Advisor pointcut definition for before advice -->

  <bean id="theTracingAfterAdvisor"       class="org.springframework.aop.support.RegexpMethodPointcutAdvisor">

    <property name="advice">

      <ref local="theTracingAfterAdvice"/>

    </property>

    <property name="pattern">

      <value>.*</value>

    </property>

  </bean>

  

  <!-- Advisor pointcut definition for around advice -->

  <bean id="theTracingAroundAdvisor"       class="org.springframework.aop.support.RegexpMethodPointcutAdvisor">

    <property name="advice">

      <ref local="theTracingAroundAdvice"/>

    </property>

    <property name="pattern">

      <value>.*</value>

    </property>

  </bean>    

  

  <bean id="theLoggingThrowsAdvisor"       class="org.springframework.aop.support.RegexpMethodPointcutAdvisor">

    <property name="advice">

      <ref local="theLoggingThrowsAdvice"/>

    </property>

    <property name="pattern">

      <value>./IBusinessLogic/.foo</value>

    </property>

  </bean>  



  <bean id="businesslogicbean" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">

    <property name="proxyInterfaces">

      <value>aop.IBusinessLogic</value>

    </property>

    <property name="target">

      <ref local="beanTarget"/>

    </property>

    <property name="interceptorNames">

      <list>

           <value>theTracingBeforeAdvisor</value>

        <value>theTracingAfterAdvisor</value>  

        <value>theLoggingThrowsAdvice</value>    

        <value>theTracingAroundAdvisor</value>  

      </list>

    </property>

  </bean>

  

  



  



</beans>



package aop.test;



import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import aop.*;



public class MainApplication {



  public static void main(String[] args) {

    ClassPathXmlApplicationContext appContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(

        new String[] { "aop/aop.xml" });



    IBusinessLogic testObject = (IBusinessLogic) appContext

        .getBean("businesslogicbean");

    testObject.foo();

    try {

      testObject.bar();

    } catch (BusinessLogicException e) {

      System.out.println("Caught BusinessLogicException");

    }

  }

}

运行结果：

Hello world! (by aop.TracingBeforeAdvice)

Inside in TracingAroundAdvice:invoke()

Inside BusinessLogic.foo()

Inside in TracingAroundAdvice:invoke()

Hello world! (by aop.TracingAfterAdvice)



Hello world! (by aop.TracingBeforeAdvice)

Inside in TracingAroundAdvice:invoke()

Inside BusinessLogic.bar()

Logging that a aop.BusinessLogicException Exception was thrown.

Caught BusinessLogicException