装完manjaro炒作系统后你需要做的几点优化

实验环境:

第一步提高下载和数据库连接速度：

    评估你自己的镜像源下载速度：

[mrrobot@mrrobot-pc ~]$  sudo pacman-mirrors --fasttrack 5 && sudo pacman -Syyu
.: INFO Writing mirror list
   China           : https://mirrors.shu.edu.cn/manjaro/stable
   Japan           : http://ftp.tsukuba.wide.ad.jp/Linux/manjaro/stable
   United_States   : https://mirror.clarkson.edu/manjaro/stable
   Germany         : https://mirror.philpot.de/manjaro/stable
   Spain           : http://ftp.caliu.cat/manjaro/stable
.: INFO Mirror list generated and saved to: /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

第二部开始同步数据库下

    执行更新命令：

sudo pacman -Syyu

或者也可以这样做（可以省去第一步）：

pacman-optimize && sync

第三步同步更新：

pacman -Sy

    或者是强制更新，这在你改变完一系列依赖后特别有用：

pacman -Syy

第三步开始更新系统：

pacman -Su #不建议使用这会导致局部更新

pacman -Syu #建议这样做，因为这样会先同步数据再更新

懒癌发作：：：：：：：

Update & ignore a package It should not be necessary to use exclusion of packages. Such an exclusion might be the cause of the infamous partial updates.

• The following changes take place in pacman's configuration file: /etc/pacman.conf

IgnorePkg=package_name

Update & ignore a package group

IgnoreGroup=package_group

• Examples:

IgnoreGroup=gnome

IgnoreGroup=kde

Installing Packages

Install a package

pacman -Syu package_name

• If for example you are using the testing repo, & you have that repo listed below your other repos in /etc/pacman.conf which should mean that an older package will take priority over the younger one in the testing repo, you should use pacman like this:

pacman -Syu testing/package_name

Install packages as a group

pacman -Syu gnome
pacman -Syu kde

Download a package without installation

pacman -Sw package_name

Install a downloaded or a local package

pacman -U /package_path/package_name.pkg.tar.xz

• You can also use the URL:

pacman -U http://www.examplepackage/repo/examplepkg.tar.xz

Reinstall all packages

pacman -Syu $(pacman -Qqen)

To search which packages has been installed in a group

pacman -Sg gnome
pacman -Sg kde

Get a full package list with versions. This will create a file called pacman.laptop in your home folder.

pacman -Q > ~/pacman.laptop

Removing Packages

Remove a package

pacman -R package_name

Remove a package with dependencies that are not being used by other packages

pacman -Rs package_name

Remove a package with all dependencies. Attention: The -c flag can remove needed dependencies, too. Only for advanced users.

pacman -Rsc package_name

• Remove a package and its configuration files too:

pacman -Rn package_name

Forcefully remove a dependency without removing any other package. Attention: Only for advanced users.

pacman -Rdd package_name

Cleaning Packages

See Maintaining /var/cache/pacman/pkg for System Safety for an in depth view on this topic.

Cleaning the cache

• Leaves packages in your cache only for those packages which are currently installed on your system. Attention: This eliminates the possibility to Using Downgrade.

pacman -Sc

• Clean cache completely and remove all packages. Attention: This eliminates the possibility to Using Downgrade.

pacman -Scc

• A safer way to remove old package cache files is to remove all packages except for the latest three package versions:

paccache -rvk3

Cleaning orphan packages from the system. Also read Orphan Package Removal for further information.

pacman -Rsn $(pacman -Qdtq)

If you get this error, don't worry: it means you don't have orphaned packages to remove!

error: no targets specified (use -h for help)

Searching for Packages

Provides a description of searched for package & associated packages

pacman -Ss package_name

Provides a description of previously installed package

pacman -Qs package_name

Provides detailed summary of a package

pacman -Si package_name

• Modified summary:

pacman -Qi package_name

• with 'ii' you can see the backup files and the date that the package has been changed.

pacman -Qii package_name

Get a list of installed packages

pacman -Q

Find out which package owns a file

pacman -Qo /file_path

List all orphan packages with no dependencies

pacman -Qdt

List all installed packages from the AUR

pacman -Qem

View package dependencies. Use one of the following commands:

pactree package_name

pactree -c package_name

pactree -s -c package_name

AUR (Arch User Repository)

Following is info on three popular options for using the AUR, for a detailed list of their commands please look at their man pages:

Yaourt

Yaourt comes pre-installed with Manjaro so you normally won't have to install it. If you have removed it, this is how you install it again:

pacman -Syu base-devel yaourt

• To use Yaourt to upgrade both official repos & AUR (only if new PKGBUILD files are available) use the following command:

yaourt -Syua

• To use Yaourt to download and rebuild the latest AUR packages from their source (regardless of PKGBUILD files):

yaourt -Syua --devel

You can use all Pacman commands mentioned on this Wiki page with Yaourt, too. One command is different:

• Removing orphaned packages is easier and more intuitive with Yaourt:

yaourt -Qdt

Packer

• Uses some of the same commands as pacman but differs in that it checks both the official repos & AUR.

yaourt -S packer

• Having installed 'packer' then you can run:

packer -S package_name

• This will upgrade from both official repos & AUR:

packer -Syu