程序清单－通用的toString方法

一种公认的可供任意类使用的toString方法：
（循环引用将会导致无限递归，因此使用visited记录已经被访问过的对象）

public class ObjectAnalyzer {
    private ArrayList<Object> visited = new ArrayList<Object>();

    public String toString(Object obj){
        if (obj==null) return "null";
        if (visited.contains(obj)) return "...";
        visited.add(obj);
        Class cl = obj.getClass();
        if (cl==String.class) return (String)obj;
        if (cl.isArray()){
            String r = cl.getComponentType()+"[]{";
            for (int i=0;i< Array.getLength(obj);i++){
                if (i>0) r+=",";
                Object val = Array.get(obj,i);
                if (cl.getComponentType().isPrimitive()) r+=val;
                else r+=toString(val);
            }
            return r+"}";
        }

        String r = cl.getName();
        do {
            r+="[";
            Field[] fields = cl.getDeclaredFields();
            AccessibleObject.setAccessible(fields,true);
            for (Field f:fields){
                if(!Modifier.isStatic(f.getModifiers())){
                    if (!r.endsWith("[")) r+=",";
                    r+=f.getName()+"=";
                    try {
                        Class t = f.getType();
                        Object val = f.get(obj);
                        if (t.isPrimitive()) r+=val;
                        else r+=toString(val);
                    } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
            r+="]";
            cl = cl.getSuperclass();
        }while (cl!=null);
        return r;
    }
}

public class ObjectAnalyzerTest {

    public static void main(String[] args){
        ArrayList<Integer> squares = new ArrayList<Integer>();
        for (int i=1;i<5;i++){
            squares.add(i*i);
        }
        System.out.println(new ObjectAnalyzer().toString(squares));
    }
}

输出信息：

java.util.ArrayList[elementData=class java.lang.Object[]{java.lang.Integer[value=1][][],java.lang.Integer[value=4][][],java.lang.Integer[value=9][][],java.lang.Integer[value=16][][],null,null,null,null,null,null},size=4][modCount=4][][]