PyQt基本操作(转载)

PyQt的简介和基本安装方法读者可以自行google解决。先声明,本文章教基础,参考《征服Python》相关章节。不过不得不说,pyQt的教程真的好少,╮(╯▽╰)╭,悲催,大家有什么好的资料推荐一下,谢谢了。

先建立一个基本的界面看看:

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import sys
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui
class MyWindow( QtGui.QMainWindow ):
def init( self ):
QtGui.QMainWindow.init( self )
self.setWindowTitle( “PyQt” )
self.resize( 300, 200 )
app = QtGui.QApplication( sys.argv )
mywindow = MyWindow()
mywindow.show()
app.exec_()

运行结果:

然后我们添加一个标签:

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#coding=utf-8
#标签的使用
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui
class Window( QtGui.QMainWindow ):
def init( self ):
super( Window, self ).init()
self.setWindowTitle( “hello” )
self.resize( 200, 300 )
#添加标签
label = QtGui.QLabel( “label” )
label.setAlignment( QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter )
self.setCentralWidget( label )
app = QtGui.QApplication( sys.argv )
demo = Window()
demo.show()
app.exec_()
效果如下:

基本布局:

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#coding=gbk
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui
class Window( QtGui.QWidget ):
def init( self ):
super( Window, self ).init()
self.setWindowTitle( “hello” )
self.resize( 500, 500 )

    hBoxLayout1 = QtGui.QHBoxLayout()
     
    label1 = QtGui.QLabel( "Label1" )
    label2 = QtGui.QLabel( "Label2" )
    label3 = QtGui.QLabel( "Label3" )
    label4 = QtGui.QLabel( "Label4" )
    label5 = QtGui.QLabel( "Label5" )
    #---------添加表格布局
    gridLayout = QtGui.QGridLayout()
      
    gridLayout.addWidget( label1 , 0, 0 )
    gridLayout.addWidget( label2 , 0, 1 )
    gridLayout.addWidget( label3 , 0, 2 )
    gridLayout.addWidget( label4 , 1, 0 )
    gridLayout.addWidget( label5 , 1, 1 )
      
    self.setLayout( gridLayout )       

#-------添加水平布局

hBoxLayout1.addWidget( label1 )

hBoxLayout1.addWidget( label2 )

hBoxLayout1.addWidget( label3 )

hBoxLayout1.addWidget( label4 )

hBoxLayout1.addWidget( label5 )

self.setLayout( hBoxLayout1 )

#---------添加垂直布局

vBoxLayout = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()

vBoxLayout.addWidget( label1 )

vBoxLayout.addWidget( label2 )

vBoxLayout.addWidget( label3 )

vBoxLayout.addWidget( label4 )

vBoxLayout.addWidget( label5 )

self.setLayout( vBoxLayout )

app = QtGui.QApplication( sys.argv )
demo = Window()
demo.show()
app.exec_()
效果:

按钮基本使用

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#coding=utf-8
#按钮操作

import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore
class Window( QtGui.QWidget ):
def init( self ):
super( Window, self ).init()
self.setWindowTitle( “hello” )
self.resize( 500, 500 )
gridlayout = QtGui.QGridLayout()

    button1 = QtGui.QPushButton( "button1" )
    gridlayout.addWidget( button1, 0, 0, 1, 3 )
     
    button2 = QtGui.QPushButton( "button2" )
    button2.setFlat( True )
    gridlayout.addWidget( button2, 1, 1, 1, 3 )
    self.setLayout( gridlayout )

app = QtGui.QApplication( sys.argv )
demo = Window()
demo.show()
app.exec_()

不过按钮2当你点击的时候才显示出来哦

现在看看单行文本和多行文本

#coding=utf-8
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore
class Window( QtGui.QWidget ):
def init( self ):
super( Window, self ).init()
self.setWindowTitle( “hello” )
self.resize( 500, 500 )

    gridlayout = QtGui.QGridLayout()
     
    str = "hello"  #这里中文乱码,纠结
    label = QtGui.QLabel( str )
    label.setAlignment( QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter )
     
    textFile = QtGui.QLineEdit()
    gridlayout.addWidget( label, 0, 0 )
    gridlayout.addWidget( textFile )
     
    passwordFile = QtGui.QLineEdit()
    passwordFile.setEchoMode( QtGui.QLineEdit.Password )
    gridlayout.addWidget( passwordFile )
     
    textArea = QtGui.QTextEdit()
    textArea.setText( "asdasda" )
    gridlayout.addWidget( textArea )
     
     
    self.setLayout( gridlayout )

app = QtGui.QApplication( sys.argv )
window = Window()
window.show()
app.exec_()

单选和复选框

import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore
class Window( QtGui.QWidget ):
def init( self ):
super( Window, self ).init()
self.setWindowTitle( “hello” )
self.resize( 500, 500 )
hboxlayout = QtGui.QHBoxLayout()

    self.radio1 = QtGui.QRadioButton( "radio1" )
    self.radio2 = QtGui.QRadioButton( "radio2" )
    self.radio3 = QtGui.QRadioButton( "radio3" )
    self.radio1.setChecked( True )
     
    hboxlayout.addWidget( self.radio1 )
    hboxlayout.addWidget( self.radio2 )
    hboxlayout.addWidget( self.radio3 )
     
    checkbox1 = QtGui.QCheckBox( "checkbox1" )
    checkbox2 = QtGui.QCheckBox( "checkbox2" )
    checkbox3 = QtGui.QCheckBox( "checkbox3" )
    checkbox1.setChecked( True )
     
    hboxlayout.addWidget( checkbox1 )
    hboxlayout.addWidget( checkbox2 )
    hboxlayout.addWidget( checkbox3 )

    self.button = QtGui.QPushButton( "Ok" )
    hboxlayout.addWidget( self.button )
     
    self.connect( self.button, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnButton )
     
    self.setLayout( hboxlayout )
def OnButton( self ):
    if self.radio2.isChecked():
        self.radio2.setText( "haha" )

app = QtGui.QApplication( sys.argv )
win = Window()
win.show()
app.exec_()

现在看看菜单:

#coding=utf-8
#菜单事件
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore
class Window( QtGui.QMainWindow ):
def init( self ):
super( Window, self ).init()
self.setWindowTitle( “hello” )
self.resize( 500, 500 )

    menubar = self.menuBar()
    self.file = menubar.addMenu( '&File' )
    open = self.file.addAction( 'Open' )
    self.connect( open, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'triggered()' ), self.OnOpen )
     
    save = self.file.addAction( 'Save' )
    self.connect( save, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'triggered()' ), self.OnSave )
    self.file.addSeparator()
    close = self.file.addAction( "Close" )
    self.connect( close, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'triggered()' ), self.OnClose )
     
    self.label = QtGui.QLabel( "this is a  google test" )
    self.label.setAlignment( QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter )
    self.setCentralWidget( self.label )
     
def OnOpen( self ):
    self.label.setText( "open" )
def OnSave( self ):
    self.label.setText( "save" )
def OnClose( self ):
    self.close()
def contextMenuEvent( self, event ):
   self.file.exec_( event.globalPos() )

app = QtGui.QApplication( sys.argv )
win = Window()
win.show()
app.exec_()

点击右键也可以看看哦

现在是对话框的代码:

#coding=utf-8
#对话框
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore
class Window( QtGui.QWidget ):
def init( self ):
super( Window, self ).init()
self.setWindowTitle( “hello” )
self.resize( 500, 500 )

    gridlayout = QtGui.QGridLayout()
     
    self.AboutButton = QtGui.QPushButton( "About" )
    gridlayout.addWidget( self.AboutButton, 0, 0 )
    self.AboutQtButton = QtGui.QPushButton( "AboutQt" )
    gridlayout.addWidget( self.AboutQtButton, 0, 1 )
    self.CriticalButton = QtGui.QPushButton( "CriticalButton" )
    gridlayout.addWidget( self.CriticalButton, 1, 0 )
    self.InfoButton = QtGui.QPushButton( "Info" )
    gridlayout.addWidget( self.InfoButton, 1, 1 )
    self.QuestionButton = QtGui.QPushButton( "Question" )
    gridlayout.addWidget( self.QuestionButton, 2, 0 )
    self.WarningButton = QtGui.QPushButton( "Warning" )
    gridlayout.addWidget( self.WarningButton, 2, 1 )
     
    spacer = QtGui.QSpacerItem( 200, 80 )
    gridlayout.addItem( spacer, 3, 1, 1, 5 )
    self.setLayout( gridlayout )
     
    self.connect( self.AboutButton, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnAboutButton )
    self.connect( self.AboutQtButton, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnAboutQtButton )
    self.connect( self.CriticalButton, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnCriticalButton )
    self.connect( self.InfoButton, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnInfoButton )
    self.connect( self.QuestionButton, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnQuestionButton )
    self.connect( self.WarningButton, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnWarningButton )
     
def OnAboutButton( self ):
    QtGui.QMessageBox.about( self, 'PyQt', "About" )
     
def OnAboutQtButton( self ):
    QtGui.QMessageBox.aboutQt( self, "PyQt" )
     
def OnCriticalButton( self ):
    r = QtGui.QMessageBox.critical( self, "PyQT", "CriticalButton", QtGui.QMessageBox.Abort,
                               QtGui.QMessageBox.Retry, QtGui.QMessageBox.Ignore )
    if r == QtGui.QMessageBox.Abort:
        self.setWindowTitle( "Abort" )
    elif r == QtGui.QMessageBox.Retry:
        self.setWindowTitle( "Retry" )
    elif r == QtGui.QMessageBox.Ignore:
        self.setWindowTitle( "Ignore" )
    else:
        pass
     
def OnInfoButton( self ):
    QtGui.QMessageBox.information( self, "Pyqt", "information" )
     
def OnQuestionButton( self ):
    r = QtGui.QMessageBox.question( self, "PyQt", "Question", QtGui.QMessageBox.Yes, QtGui.QMessageBox.No, QtGui.QMessageBox.Cancel )
     
def OnWarningButton( self ):
    r = QtGui.QMessageBox.warning( self, "PyQT", "warning", QtGui.QMessageBox.Yes, QtGui.QMessageBox.No )

app = QtGui.QApplication( sys.argv )
win = Window()
win.show()
app.exec_()

现在是文件选择,字体选择,颜色选择框:

#coding=utf-8
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore
class Window( QtGui.QWidget ):
def init( self ):
super( Window, self ).init()
self.setWindowTitle( “hello” )
self.resize( 500, 500 )

    gridlayout = QtGui.QGridLayout()
     
    self.button1 = QtGui.QPushButton( "File" )
    self.button2 = QtGui.QPushButton( "Font" )
    self.button3 = QtGui.QPushButton( "Color" )
    gridlayout.addWidget( self.button1 )
    gridlayout.addWidget( self.button2 )
    gridlayout.addWidget( self.button3 )
    spacer = QtGui.QSpacerItem( 200, 80 )
    gridlayout.addItem( spacer, 3, 1, 1, 3 )
    self.setLayout( gridlayout )
     
    self.connect( self.button1, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnButton1 )
    self.connect( self.button2, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnButton2 )
    self.connect( self.button3, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnButton3 )
     
     
def OnButton1( self ):
    fileName = QtGui.QFileDialog.getOpenFileName( self, 'Open' )
    if not fileName.isEmpty():
        self.setWindowTitle( fileName )    
     
def OnButton2( self ):
    font, ok = QtGui.QFontDialog.getFont()
    if ok:
        self.setWindowTitle( font.key() )
 
def OnButton3( self ):
    color = QtGui.QColorDialog.getColor()
    if color.isValid():
        self.setWindowTitle( color.name() )

app = QtGui.QApplication( sys.argv )
win = Window()
win.show()
app.exec_()

现在还是对话框:

#coding=utf-8
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore

class MyDialog( QtGui.QDialog ):
def init( self ):
super( MyDialog, self ).init()

    self.setWindowTitle( "Dialog" )
    self.gridlayout = QtGui.QGridLayout()
     
    self.label = QtGui.QLabel( "Please Input:" )
    self.textField = QtGui.QLineEdit()
    self.okButton = QtGui.QPushButton( "OK" )
    self.cancalButton = QtGui.QPushButton( "Cancel" )
     
    self.gridlayout.addWidget( self.label , 0, 0 )
    self.gridlayout.addWidget( self.textField , 0, 1 )
    self.gridlayout.addWidget( self.cancalButton , 0, 2 )
    self.gridlayout.addWidget( self.okButton , 0, 3 )
     
    self.connect( self.okButton, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnOk )
    self.connect( self.cancalButton, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnCancel )
     
    self.setLayout( self.gridlayout )
     
def OnOk( self ):
    self.text = self.textField.text()
    self.done( 1 )
def OnCancel( self ):
    self.done( 0 )

class Window( QtGui.QWidget ):
def init( self ):
super( Window, self ).init()
self.setWindowTitle( “hello” )
self.resize( 400, 300 )

    hboxlayout = QtGui.QGridLayout()
    self.creatDialogButton = QtGui.QPushButton( "Create a new Dialog" )
    hboxlayout.addWidget( self.creatDialogButton )
    self.setLayout( hboxlayout )
     
    self.connect( self.creatDialogButton, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnButton )
     
def OnButton( self ):
    dialog = MyDialog()
    r = dialog.exec_()
    if r:
        self.creatDialogButton.setText( dialog.text )

app = QtGui.QApplication( sys.argv )
win = Window()
win.show()
app.exec_()

最后一个是利用Designer写的

利用他设计一个简单的界面,只有一个标签和一个文本框

代码如下:

#coding=utf-8
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore, uic

class MyDialog( QtGui.QDialog ):
def init( self ):
super( MyDialog, self ).init()
uic.loadUi( “res.ui”, self )

class MyWindow( QtGui.QWidget ):
def init( self ):
super( MyWindow, self ).init()
self.setWindowTitle( “hello” )
self.resize( 300, 200 )

    gridlayout = QtGui.QGridLayout()
    self.button = QtGui.QPushButton( "CreateDialog" )
    gridlayout.addWidget( self.button )
    self.setLayout( gridlayout )
     
    self.connect( self.button, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnButtoN )
     
def OnButtoN( self ):
    dialog = MyDialog()
    r = dialog.exec_();
    if r:
        self.button.setText( dialog.textField.text() )

app = QtGui.QApplication( sys.argv )
demo = MyWindow()
demo.show()
app.exec_()

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