PyQt的简介和基本安装方法读者可以自行google解决。先声明,本文章教基础,参考《征服Python》相关章节。不过不得不说,pyQt的教程真的好少,╮(╯▽╰)╭,悲催,大家有什么好的资料推荐一下,谢谢了。
先建立一个基本的界面看看:
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import sys
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui
class MyWindow( QtGui.QMainWindow ):
def init( self ):
QtGui.QMainWindow.init( self )
self.setWindowTitle( “PyQt” )
self.resize( 300, 200 )
app = QtGui.QApplication( sys.argv )
mywindow = MyWindow()
mywindow.show()
app.exec_()
运行结果:
然后我们添加一个标签:
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#coding=utf-8
#标签的使用
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui
class Window( QtGui.QMainWindow ):
def init( self ):
super( Window, self ).init()
self.setWindowTitle( “hello” )
self.resize( 200, 300 )
#添加标签
label = QtGui.QLabel( “label” )
label.setAlignment( QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter )
self.setCentralWidget( label )
app = QtGui.QApplication( sys.argv )
demo = Window()
demo.show()
app.exec_()
效果如下:
基本布局:
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#coding=gbk
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui
class Window( QtGui.QWidget ):
def init( self ):
super( Window, self ).init()
self.setWindowTitle( “hello” )
self.resize( 500, 500 )
hBoxLayout1 = QtGui.QHBoxLayout()
label1 = QtGui.QLabel( "Label1" )
label2 = QtGui.QLabel( "Label2" )
label3 = QtGui.QLabel( "Label3" )
label4 = QtGui.QLabel( "Label4" )
label5 = QtGui.QLabel( "Label5" )
#---------添加表格布局
gridLayout = QtGui.QGridLayout()
gridLayout.addWidget( label1 , 0, 0 )
gridLayout.addWidget( label2 , 0, 1 )
gridLayout.addWidget( label3 , 0, 2 )
gridLayout.addWidget( label4 , 1, 0 )
gridLayout.addWidget( label5 , 1, 1 )
self.setLayout( gridLayout )
#-------添加水平布局
hBoxLayout1.addWidget( label1 )
hBoxLayout1.addWidget( label2 )
hBoxLayout1.addWidget( label3 )
hBoxLayout1.addWidget( label4 )
hBoxLayout1.addWidget( label5 )
self.setLayout( hBoxLayout1 )
#---------添加垂直布局
vBoxLayout = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
vBoxLayout.addWidget( label1 )
vBoxLayout.addWidget( label2 )
vBoxLayout.addWidget( label3 )
vBoxLayout.addWidget( label4 )
vBoxLayout.addWidget( label5 )
self.setLayout( vBoxLayout )
app = QtGui.QApplication( sys.argv )
demo = Window()
demo.show()
app.exec_()
效果:
按钮基本使用
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#coding=utf-8
#按钮操作
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore
class Window( QtGui.QWidget ):
def init( self ):
super( Window, self ).init()
self.setWindowTitle( “hello” )
self.resize( 500, 500 )
gridlayout = QtGui.QGridLayout()
button1 = QtGui.QPushButton( "button1" )
gridlayout.addWidget( button1, 0, 0, 1, 3 )
button2 = QtGui.QPushButton( "button2" )
button2.setFlat( True )
gridlayout.addWidget( button2, 1, 1, 1, 3 )
self.setLayout( gridlayout )
app = QtGui.QApplication( sys.argv )
demo = Window()
demo.show()
app.exec_()
不过按钮2当你点击的时候才显示出来哦
现在看看单行文本和多行文本
#coding=utf-8
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore
class Window( QtGui.QWidget ):
def init( self ):
super( Window, self ).init()
self.setWindowTitle( “hello” )
self.resize( 500, 500 )
gridlayout = QtGui.QGridLayout()
str = "hello" #这里中文乱码,纠结
label = QtGui.QLabel( str )
label.setAlignment( QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter )
textFile = QtGui.QLineEdit()
gridlayout.addWidget( label, 0, 0 )
gridlayout.addWidget( textFile )
passwordFile = QtGui.QLineEdit()
passwordFile.setEchoMode( QtGui.QLineEdit.Password )
gridlayout.addWidget( passwordFile )
textArea = QtGui.QTextEdit()
textArea.setText( "asdasda" )
gridlayout.addWidget( textArea )
self.setLayout( gridlayout )
app = QtGui.QApplication( sys.argv )
window = Window()
window.show()
app.exec_()
单选和复选框
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore
class Window( QtGui.QWidget ):
def init( self ):
super( Window, self ).init()
self.setWindowTitle( “hello” )
self.resize( 500, 500 )
hboxlayout = QtGui.QHBoxLayout()
self.radio1 = QtGui.QRadioButton( "radio1" )
self.radio2 = QtGui.QRadioButton( "radio2" )
self.radio3 = QtGui.QRadioButton( "radio3" )
self.radio1.setChecked( True )
hboxlayout.addWidget( self.radio1 )
hboxlayout.addWidget( self.radio2 )
hboxlayout.addWidget( self.radio3 )
checkbox1 = QtGui.QCheckBox( "checkbox1" )
checkbox2 = QtGui.QCheckBox( "checkbox2" )
checkbox3 = QtGui.QCheckBox( "checkbox3" )
checkbox1.setChecked( True )
hboxlayout.addWidget( checkbox1 )
hboxlayout.addWidget( checkbox2 )
hboxlayout.addWidget( checkbox3 )
self.button = QtGui.QPushButton( "Ok" )
hboxlayout.addWidget( self.button )
self.connect( self.button, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnButton )
self.setLayout( hboxlayout )
def OnButton( self ):
if self.radio2.isChecked():
self.radio2.setText( "haha" )
app = QtGui.QApplication( sys.argv )
win = Window()
win.show()
app.exec_()
现在看看菜单:
#coding=utf-8
#菜单事件
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore
class Window( QtGui.QMainWindow ):
def init( self ):
super( Window, self ).init()
self.setWindowTitle( “hello” )
self.resize( 500, 500 )
menubar = self.menuBar()
self.file = menubar.addMenu( '&File' )
open = self.file.addAction( 'Open' )
self.connect( open, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'triggered()' ), self.OnOpen )
save = self.file.addAction( 'Save' )
self.connect( save, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'triggered()' ), self.OnSave )
self.file.addSeparator()
close = self.file.addAction( "Close" )
self.connect( close, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'triggered()' ), self.OnClose )
self.label = QtGui.QLabel( "this is a google test" )
self.label.setAlignment( QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter )
self.setCentralWidget( self.label )
def OnOpen( self ):
self.label.setText( "open" )
def OnSave( self ):
self.label.setText( "save" )
def OnClose( self ):
self.close()
def contextMenuEvent( self, event ):
self.file.exec_( event.globalPos() )
app = QtGui.QApplication( sys.argv )
win = Window()
win.show()
app.exec_()
点击右键也可以看看哦
现在是对话框的代码:
#coding=utf-8
#对话框
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore
class Window( QtGui.QWidget ):
def init( self ):
super( Window, self ).init()
self.setWindowTitle( “hello” )
self.resize( 500, 500 )
gridlayout = QtGui.QGridLayout()
self.AboutButton = QtGui.QPushButton( "About" )
gridlayout.addWidget( self.AboutButton, 0, 0 )
self.AboutQtButton = QtGui.QPushButton( "AboutQt" )
gridlayout.addWidget( self.AboutQtButton, 0, 1 )
self.CriticalButton = QtGui.QPushButton( "CriticalButton" )
gridlayout.addWidget( self.CriticalButton, 1, 0 )
self.InfoButton = QtGui.QPushButton( "Info" )
gridlayout.addWidget( self.InfoButton, 1, 1 )
self.QuestionButton = QtGui.QPushButton( "Question" )
gridlayout.addWidget( self.QuestionButton, 2, 0 )
self.WarningButton = QtGui.QPushButton( "Warning" )
gridlayout.addWidget( self.WarningButton, 2, 1 )
spacer = QtGui.QSpacerItem( 200, 80 )
gridlayout.addItem( spacer, 3, 1, 1, 5 )
self.setLayout( gridlayout )
self.connect( self.AboutButton, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnAboutButton )
self.connect( self.AboutQtButton, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnAboutQtButton )
self.connect( self.CriticalButton, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnCriticalButton )
self.connect( self.InfoButton, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnInfoButton )
self.connect( self.QuestionButton, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnQuestionButton )
self.connect( self.WarningButton, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnWarningButton )
def OnAboutButton( self ):
QtGui.QMessageBox.about( self, 'PyQt', "About" )
def OnAboutQtButton( self ):
QtGui.QMessageBox.aboutQt( self, "PyQt" )
def OnCriticalButton( self ):
r = QtGui.QMessageBox.critical( self, "PyQT", "CriticalButton", QtGui.QMessageBox.Abort,
QtGui.QMessageBox.Retry, QtGui.QMessageBox.Ignore )
if r == QtGui.QMessageBox.Abort:
self.setWindowTitle( "Abort" )
elif r == QtGui.QMessageBox.Retry:
self.setWindowTitle( "Retry" )
elif r == QtGui.QMessageBox.Ignore:
self.setWindowTitle( "Ignore" )
else:
pass
def OnInfoButton( self ):
QtGui.QMessageBox.information( self, "Pyqt", "information" )
def OnQuestionButton( self ):
r = QtGui.QMessageBox.question( self, "PyQt", "Question", QtGui.QMessageBox.Yes, QtGui.QMessageBox.No, QtGui.QMessageBox.Cancel )
def OnWarningButton( self ):
r = QtGui.QMessageBox.warning( self, "PyQT", "warning", QtGui.QMessageBox.Yes, QtGui.QMessageBox.No )
app = QtGui.QApplication( sys.argv )
win = Window()
win.show()
app.exec_()
现在是文件选择,字体选择,颜色选择框:
#coding=utf-8
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore
class Window( QtGui.QWidget ):
def init( self ):
super( Window, self ).init()
self.setWindowTitle( “hello” )
self.resize( 500, 500 )
gridlayout = QtGui.QGridLayout()
self.button1 = QtGui.QPushButton( "File" )
self.button2 = QtGui.QPushButton( "Font" )
self.button3 = QtGui.QPushButton( "Color" )
gridlayout.addWidget( self.button1 )
gridlayout.addWidget( self.button2 )
gridlayout.addWidget( self.button3 )
spacer = QtGui.QSpacerItem( 200, 80 )
gridlayout.addItem( spacer, 3, 1, 1, 3 )
self.setLayout( gridlayout )
self.connect( self.button1, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnButton1 )
self.connect( self.button2, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnButton2 )
self.connect( self.button3, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnButton3 )
def OnButton1( self ):
fileName = QtGui.QFileDialog.getOpenFileName( self, 'Open' )
if not fileName.isEmpty():
self.setWindowTitle( fileName )
def OnButton2( self ):
font, ok = QtGui.QFontDialog.getFont()
if ok:
self.setWindowTitle( font.key() )
def OnButton3( self ):
color = QtGui.QColorDialog.getColor()
if color.isValid():
self.setWindowTitle( color.name() )
app = QtGui.QApplication( sys.argv )
win = Window()
win.show()
app.exec_()
现在还是对话框:
#coding=utf-8
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore
class MyDialog( QtGui.QDialog ):
def init( self ):
super( MyDialog, self ).init()
self.setWindowTitle( "Dialog" )
self.gridlayout = QtGui.QGridLayout()
self.label = QtGui.QLabel( "Please Input:" )
self.textField = QtGui.QLineEdit()
self.okButton = QtGui.QPushButton( "OK" )
self.cancalButton = QtGui.QPushButton( "Cancel" )
self.gridlayout.addWidget( self.label , 0, 0 )
self.gridlayout.addWidget( self.textField , 0, 1 )
self.gridlayout.addWidget( self.cancalButton , 0, 2 )
self.gridlayout.addWidget( self.okButton , 0, 3 )
self.connect( self.okButton, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnOk )
self.connect( self.cancalButton, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnCancel )
self.setLayout( self.gridlayout )
def OnOk( self ):
self.text = self.textField.text()
self.done( 1 )
def OnCancel( self ):
self.done( 0 )
class Window( QtGui.QWidget ):
def init( self ):
super( Window, self ).init()
self.setWindowTitle( “hello” )
self.resize( 400, 300 )
hboxlayout = QtGui.QGridLayout()
self.creatDialogButton = QtGui.QPushButton( "Create a new Dialog" )
hboxlayout.addWidget( self.creatDialogButton )
self.setLayout( hboxlayout )
self.connect( self.creatDialogButton, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnButton )
def OnButton( self ):
dialog = MyDialog()
r = dialog.exec_()
if r:
self.creatDialogButton.setText( dialog.text )
app = QtGui.QApplication( sys.argv )
win = Window()
win.show()
app.exec_()
最后一个是利用Designer写的
利用他设计一个简单的界面,只有一个标签和一个文本框
代码如下:
#coding=utf-8
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore, uic
class MyDialog( QtGui.QDialog ):
def init( self ):
super( MyDialog, self ).init()
uic.loadUi( “res.ui”, self )
class MyWindow( QtGui.QWidget ):
def init( self ):
super( MyWindow, self ).init()
self.setWindowTitle( “hello” )
self.resize( 300, 200 )
gridlayout = QtGui.QGridLayout()
self.button = QtGui.QPushButton( "CreateDialog" )
gridlayout.addWidget( self.button )
self.setLayout( gridlayout )
self.connect( self.button, QtCore.SIGNAL( 'clicked()' ), self.OnButtoN )
def OnButtoN( self ):
dialog = MyDialog()
r = dialog.exec_();
if r:
self.button.setText( dialog.textField.text() )
app = QtGui.QApplication( sys.argv )
demo = MyWindow()
demo.show()
app.exec_()