用geotools容易将shapefile、geojson、kml等地理信息数据解析成它识别的FeatureCollection对象,然后在进行其他的数据操作。dxf文件是AutoCAD的数据交换文件,不带坐标系定义。有时候需要将以上的这些数据转成dxf文件,这时需要借助gdal环境和java本地方法接口写入,读取dxf也能实现(本文不介绍)。本文用基于java语言的geotools和gdal本地方法接口来处理FeatureCollection对象。
1.gdal环境
- 安装
Linux:
root@shanks:~# apt-get install gdal-bin libgdal-dev libgdal-java
注意安装的版本,本文示例是在Linux环境下实现。
Windows:
下载地址http://www.gdal.org/usergroup0.html,下载安装相应的安装包。
- JNI包
maven:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.gdal</groupId>
<artifactId>gdal</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0</version>
</dependency>
gradle:
org.gdal:gdal:2.1.0
有时不能准确的找到.dll或者.so文件,需记住库文件所在的路径。本例子库文件路径是在“/usr/lib/jni”下,目录下有文件:
root@shanks:/usr/lib/jni# ls
libgdalconstjni.so libgdalconstjni.so.20 libgdaljni.so libgdaljni.so.20 libogrjni.so libogrjni.so.20 libosrjni.so libosrjni.so.20
2.数据操作
- 完整的代码
package shanks.demo;
import org.gdal.gdal.gdal;
import org.gdal.ogr.*;
import org.gdal.osr.SpatialReference;
import org.geotools.data.shapefile.ShapefileDataStore;
import org.geotools.data.simple.SimpleFeatureIterator;
import org.geotools.feature.FeatureCollection;
import org.geotools.referencing.CRS;
import org.opengis.feature.simple.SimpleFeature;
import java.io.File;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
// 注册驱动
ogr.RegisterAll();
// 支持中文路径
gdal.SetConfigOption("GDAL_FILENAME_IS_UTF8","YES");
// 属性表字段支持中文
gdal.SetConfigOption("SHAPE_ENCODING","CP936");
String in = "/home/shanks/shp/test_shp/t.shp"; // 输入文件路径
String out = "/home/shanks/shp/test_shp/dxf/dxf.dxf"; // 输出文件路径
File shp_file = new File(in);
// 读shapefile
ShapefileDataStore dataStore = new ShapefileDataStore(shp_file.toURI().toURL());
// 得到FeatureCollection对象
FeatureCollection featureCollection = dataStore.getFeatureSource().getFeatures();
//坐标系
String srs = CRS.lookupIdentifier(featureCollection.getSchema().getCoordinateReferenceSystem(),true);
int srid = Integer.valueOf(srs.split(":")[1]);
// 将要输出的类型,这里是导出DXF文件
Driver driver = ogr.GetDriverByName("DXF");
if(null == driver)
throw new NullPointerException("获取DXF驱动失败!");
DataSource dataSource = driver.CreateDataSource(out);
if(null == dataSource)
throw new NullPointerException("DataSource创建失败!");
// gdal坐标系
SpatialReference spatialReference = new SpatialReference();
spatialReference.ImportFromEPSG(srid);
final String layer0 = "Layer0";
// 创建一个Layer。dxf中可以创建多个Layer
Layer layer = dataSource.CreateLayer(layer0,spatialReference);
if(null == layer)
throw new NullPointerException("Layer创建失败!");
// dxf的属性字段集合。固定的某些字段:
// "ExtendedEntity","SubClasses","Text","EntityHandle","Linetype","Layer"等
FeatureDefn featureDefn = layer.GetLayerDefn();
// 查看固定属性
for (int i=0;i<featureDefn.GetFieldCount();i++) {
FieldDefn fieldDefn = featureDefn.GetFieldDefn(i);
System.out.print(fieldDefn.GetName() + ": ");
System.out.println(fieldDefn.GetFieldType()); // ogrConstants中定义的常量
}
// 迭代器
SimpleFeatureIterator iterator = (SimpleFeatureIterator) featureCollection.features();
// 装配
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
SimpleFeature simpleFeature = iterator.next();
Feature feature = new Feature(featureDefn);
// FID
String fid = simpleFeature.getID();
feature.SetFID(Integer.parseInt(fid.substring(fid.lastIndexOf(".") + 1)));
// 这行代码可以提取simpleFeature中的属性值,但不能写入新生成的gdal dxf属性中。
// 如果simpleFeature的的字段与"ExtendedEntity","SubClasses","Text","EntityHandle","Linetype","Layer"等吻合,则可以按对应的值写入。
// 本例子的t.shp属性不一致,所以没有遍历填入
// Collection<Property> properties = simpleFeature.getProperties();
// 写入"Layer"字段值
feature.SetField("Layer", layer0);
// 几何信息,WKT
Geometry geometry = ogr.CreateGeometryFromWkt(simpleFeature.getDefaultGeometry().toString());
feature.SetGeometry(geometry);
// layer添加feature
layer.CreateFeature(feature);
}
// 关闭迭代
iterator.close();
// 关闭对象连接
dataSource.delete();
// 以下几行代码判断Feature的写入数量
DataSource source = ogr.Open(out,0);
boolean code = featureCollection.size() == source.GetLayer(0).GetFeatureCount();
System.out.println("\n判断写入前后Feature数量是否相等: " + code);
source.delete();
} catch (Throwable e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
运行时可以带虚拟机参数:
-Djava.library.path="/usr/lib/jni"
- 输出结果:
Layer: 4
SubClasses: 4
ExtendedEntity: 4
Linetype: 4
EntityHandle: 4
Text: 4
BlockName: 4
BlockScale: 3
BlockAngle: 2
判断写入前后Feature数量是否相等: true
具体流程见代码中的注释,执行无误后得到文件/home/shanks/shp/test_shp/dxf/dxf.dxf,可在AutoCAD、QGIS、ArcGIS中打开。可见只需用geotools框架将geojson、kml、gml3等数据解析成FeatureCollection中间对象,很容易将其转为dxf文件。