System.Diagnostics下面有三个类可以帮助我们诊断应用程序:
- Debug
- Trace
- EventLog
建立一个VS工程时,VS会为我们定义Trace和Debug这两个符号,它们的区别是Trace在release版本时也有效,而Debug只在Debug版本中有效。EventLog可以将日志记录到Windows的系统日志中.
Trace和Debug这两个类可以说用着相同的功能,只是Trace更强大些,默认情况下,它们的输出是调试器的Console。
示例(API的基本使用):
class
Program
{
static TraceSwitch GlobalSwitch = new TraceSwitch("Test", "Test TraceSwitch");
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Trace.WriteLine("AutoFlush = " + Trace.AutoFlush.ToString());
Trace.WriteLine("My Trace Message");
Trace.WriteLine("My Trace Message", "Log1");
if (!Trace.AutoFlush)
{
Trace.Flush();
}
Trace.WriteLineIf(GlobalSwitch.Level >= TraceLevel.Warning, "If error or warning");
//Debug.WriteLine("AutoFlush=" + Debug.AutoFlush.ToString());
//Debug.WriteLine("My Debug Message");
//Debug.WriteLine("My Debug Message", "Log1");
Debug.WriteLineIf(DateTime.Now.Year > 2007, " today > 2007");
if (!Debug.AutoFlush)
{
Debug.Flush();
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
{
static TraceSwitch GlobalSwitch = new TraceSwitch("Test", "Test TraceSwitch");
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Trace.WriteLine("AutoFlush = " + Trace.AutoFlush.ToString());
Trace.WriteLine("My Trace Message");
Trace.WriteLine("My Trace Message", "Log1");
if (!Trace.AutoFlush)
{
Trace.Flush();
}
Trace.WriteLineIf(GlobalSwitch.Level >= TraceLevel.Warning, "If error or warning");
//Debug.WriteLine("AutoFlush=" + Debug.AutoFlush.ToString());
//Debug.WriteLine("My Debug Message");
//Debug.WriteLine("My Debug Message", "Log1");
Debug.WriteLineIf(DateTime.Now.Year > 2007, " today > 2007");
if (!Debug.AutoFlush)
{
Debug.Flush();
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
Trace还和TraceSwitch可以搭配使用,来达到按级别配置输出的目的。还可以使用自定义的Listener
<?
xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"
?>
< configuration >
< system.diagnostics >
< trace autoflush ="true" indentsize ="0" >
< listeners >
< add name ="MyListener"
type ="System.Diagnostics.TextWriterTraceListener"
initializeData ="MyListener.log" />
< add name ="MyListener2"
type ="DiagnosticsApp.MyTraceListener, DiagnosticsApp"
/>
</ listeners >
</ trace >
< switches >
< add name ="Test" value ="4" />
</ switches >
</ system.diagnostics >
</ configuration >
< configuration >
< system.diagnostics >
< trace autoflush ="true" indentsize ="0" >
< listeners >
< add name ="MyListener"
type ="System.Diagnostics.TextWriterTraceListener"
initializeData ="MyListener.log" />
< add name ="MyListener2"
type ="DiagnosticsApp.MyTraceListener, DiagnosticsApp"
/>
</ listeners >
</ trace >
< switches >
< add name ="Test" value ="4" />
</ switches >
</ system.diagnostics >
</ configuration >
Trace.WriteLineIf(GlobalSwitch.Level >= TraceLevel.Warning, "If error or warning...");
public
class
MyTraceListener : System.Diagnostics.TraceListener
{
public override void Write(string message)
{
Console.Out.Write(message);
}
public override void WriteLine(string message)
{
Console.Out.WriteLine(message);
}
}
{
public override void Write(string message)
{
Console.Out.Write(message);
}
public override void WriteLine(string message)
{
Console.Out.WriteLine(message);
}
}