spring笔记(二)---基于XML的Bean装配

Bean容器初始化

两个基础包

org.springframework.beans
org.springframework.context

1. BeanFactory提供配置结构和基本功能,加载并初始化Bean.
2. ApplicationContext保存了Bean对象,可以在Spring中广泛使用.

applicationContext包含BeanFactory的所有功能
BeanFactory加载后,如果Bean的某一个属性没有注入,第一次调用getBean方法才会抛出异常；
而ApplicationContext则在初始化时,检查所依赖属性是否注入

生命周期

定义,初始化,使用,销毁

初始化

1. 实现org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean接口,覆盖afterPropertiesSet方法

2. bean标签内init-method

销毁

1. 实现org.springframework.beans.factory.DisposableBean接口,覆盖destroy方法

2. bean标签内destroy-method

配置全局默认初始化,销毁方法

xml文件

default-init-method
default-destroy-method

创建顺序

如果三者皆有的时候,它们之间的创建顺序:接口实现>标签内定义,同时全局默认方法没有它的事情

bean标签内定义初始化,销毁bean程序示例

<bean id="beanLifeCycle" class="juedaiyuer.BeanLifeCycle"  init-method="start" destroy-method="stop"></bean>

package juedaiyuer;

public class BeanLifeCycle{


    public void start() {
        System.out.println("Bean start .");
    }

    public void stop() {
        System.out.println("Bean stop.");
    }

}

单元测试

package test;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner;

@RunWith(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class TestBeanLifecycle extends UnitTestBase {

    public TestBeanLifecycle() {
        super("classpath:spring-lifecycle.xml");
    }

    @Test
    public void test1() {
        super.getBean("beanLifeCycle");
    }

}   

接口实现初始化,销毁bean程序

package juedaiyuer;


import org.springframework.beans.factory.DisposableBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;


public class BeanLifeCycle  implements InitializingBean, DisposableBean{

    @Override
    public void destroy() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Bean destroy.");
    }

    @Override
    public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Bean afterPropertiesSet.");
    }

}

默认初始化,销毁bean程序

<default-init-method="defautInit" default-destroy-method="defaultDestroy"> 

<bean id="beanLifeCycle" class="juedaiyuer.BeanLifeCycle"  ></bean>



package juedaiyuer;

public class BeanLifeCycle {


    public void defautInit() {
        System.out.println("Bean defautInit.");
    }

    public void defaultDestroy() {
        System.out.println("Bean defaultDestroy.");
    }
}

---

Aware接口

spring中提供了一些以Aware结尾的接口,实现了Aware接口的bean在被初始化之后,可以获取相应的资源

通过Aware接口,可以对spring相应资源进行操作(慎重)

为对spring进行简单的扩展

ApplicationContextAware
BeanNameAware
...

BeanNameAware可以获取bean的id;

ApplicationContextAware接口的一个简单程序

<bean id="myApplicationContextAware" class="juedaiyuer.Aware.myApplicationContextAware" ></bean>




package test;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner;


package juedaiyuer.Aware;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;

public class myApplicationContextAware implements ApplicationContextAware {

    private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    @Override
    public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext arg0) throws BeansException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        this.applicationContext = arg0;
        System.out.println("myApplicationContextAware:"+arg0.getBean("myApplicationContextAware").hashCode());
    }

    public void a()
    {
        //获取应用上下文的信息
    }

}



@RunWith(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class TestAware extends UnitTestBase {

    public TestAware() {
        super("classpath:spring-aware.xml");
    }

    @Test
    public void testmyApplicationContextAware() {
//      System.out.println("testMoocApplicationContext : " + super.getBean("moocApplicationContext").hashCode());
    }

}

---

Bean的自动装配autowiring

分类

1. NO
2. byname 根据属性名自动装配
3. byType

4. constructor

   package juedaiyuer.autowiring;

   public class AutoWiringDAO {

   public void say(String word) {
       System.out.println("AutoWiringDAO : " + word);
   }
   

   }

   //Service类依赖于DAO
   //依赖成员需要设置set方法,用于byname,bytype
   //实例对象需要构造函数,用于constructor自动装配

   package juedaiyuer.autowiring;

   public class AutoWiringService {

   private AutoWiringDAO autoWiringDAO;
   
   public AutoWiringService(AutoWiringDAO autoWiringDAO) {
       System.out.println("AutoWiringService");
       this.autoWiringDAO = autoWiringDAO;
   }
   
   public void setAutoWiringDAO(AutoWiringDAO autoWiringDAO) {
       System.out.println("setAutoWiringDAO");
       this.autoWiringDAO = autoWiringDAO;
   }
   
   public void say(String word) {
       this.autoWiringDAO.say(word);
   }
   

   }

Resource

针对资源文件的统一接口

UrlResource
ClassPathResource
FileSystemResource
ServletContextResource
InputStreamResource
ByteArrayResource

ResourceLoader

All application contexts implement the ResourceLoader interface,and therefore all application contexts may be used to obtain Resource instances

<bean  id="myResource" class="juedaiyuer.resource.myResource" ></bean>



package juedaiyuer.resource;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;


public class myResource implements ApplicationContextAware  {

    private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    @Override
    public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext)
            throws BeansException {
        this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
    }

    public void resource() throws IOException {
        Resource resource = applicationContext.getResource("config.txt");
        System.out.println(resource.getFilename());
        System.out.println(resource.contentLength());
    }

}


package test;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner;

import juedaiyuer.resource.myResource;
import test.UnitTestBase;

@RunWith(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class TestResource extends UnitTestBase {

    public TestResource() {
        super("classpath:spring-resource.xml");
    }

    @Test
    public void testResource() {
        myResource rs = super.getBean("myResource");
        try {
            rs.resource();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

将一个目录配置到工程的Path中,可以直接写入文件名,而不是全类名

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source

1. evernote-Spring IOC容器中实例化bean