学习C 的第七天

sizeof()与strlen()的区别

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>   //提供strlen()函数原型
#define DENSITY 62.4   //人体密度(单位：磅/立方英尺)
int main(void)
{
    float weight, volume;
    int size, letters;
    char name[32];    //name是一个可以容纳40个字符的数组

    printf("Hi! what's your first name?\n");
    scanf("%s", &name);
    printf("%s,what's your weight in pound?\n", name);
    scanf("%f", &weight);
    size = sizeof name;
    letters = strlen(name);
    volume = weight / DENSITY;
    printf("Well,%s,your volume is %1.2f cubic feet.\n", name, volume);
    printf("Also,your first name has %d letters,\n, letters", letters);
    printf("and we have %d bytes to store it.\n", size);
    printf("%d\n", strlen(name));



    return 0;
}
/*
所得结果如下：
Hi! what's your first name?
shen
shen,what's your weight in pound?
60
Well,shen,your volume is 0.96 cubic feet.
Also,your first name has 4 letters,
, lettersand we have 32 bytes to store it.
4
*/

从上述我们可以看出strlen()得到的结果是4，而sizeof()得到的值是32.
总结得出：strlen()只算出当前有效用来存储的字符个数，而sizeof()取得的值是数组有多少个存储单位。

while循环

1.执行流程
格式：while(表达式)
语句;
2.可以和for循环相互转化
***for(1; 2; 3)
A;
等价于
while(2)
{
A;
3;
}*
举例回文数

#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
    int i, val, sum;
    sum = 0;
    printf("请输入数字：");
    scanf("%d", &val);

    i = val;

    while(i)
    {
        sum = sum*10 + i%10;
        i /= 10;
    }

    if (sum ==val)
        printf("Y\n");
    else
        printf("N\n");

    return 0;
}
/*
输出结果：
请输入数字：1331
Y
请输入数字：12321
Y
请输入数字：223
N
*/

do……while….循环主要作用于人机交互

int main(void)
{
    double a, b, c;
    double delat;
    double x1, x2;
    char ch;
        do
        {
        printf("请输入你所求的一元二次方程系数：\n");

        printf("a = ");
        scanf("%lf", &a);

        printf("b = ");
        scanf("%lf", &b);

        printf("c = ");
        scanf("%lf", &c);

        delat = b*b - 4*a*b;

        if(delat > 0)
        {
            x1 = (-b - sqrt(b*b - 4*a*c)) / 2*a;
            x2 = (-b + sqrt(b*b - 4*a*c)) / 2*a; 
            printf("有两个解x1= %lf, x2 = %lf",x1 ,x2);
        }
        else if (delat == 0)
        {
            x1 = x2 = (-b) / 2*a;
            printf("有一个解x1=x2=%lf", x1);
        }
        else
            printf("没有实数解");

        printf("请问还要继续吗Y/N\n");
        scanf(" %c", &ch);
    }while('y' == ch || 'Y' == ch);
        return 0;
    }
    /*
    请输入你所求的一元二次方程系数：
a = 1
b = 5
c = 6
有两个解x1= -3.000000, x2 = -2.000000请问还要继续吗Y/N
y
请输入你所求的一元二次方程系数：
a = 5
b = 5
c = 5
没有实数解请问还要继续吗Y/N
Y
请输入你所求的一元二次方程系数：
a = 2
b = 3
c = 3
没有实数解请问还要继续吗Y/N
n

    */

伪代码scanf（）

scanf()可以赋值成功之后将会返还1，失败返还0

#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
    int i, j;
    i= scanf("%d", &j);
    printf("%d\n", i);

    return 0;
}