如何使用 JDBC 程序从存储过程中检索多个结果集？

存储过程是存储在 SQL 目录中的子例程、SQL 语句段。所有可以访问关系数据库的应用程序（Java、Python、PHP 等）都可以访问存储过程。

存储过程包含 IN 和/或 OUT 参数。如果您使用 SELECT 语句，它们可能会返回结果集。存储过程可以返回多个结果集。

从过程中检索结果：

可以使用可调用语句调用现有存储过程。连接接口的 prepareCall（） 方法接受字符串格式的过程调用，并返回可调用语句对象。

CallableStatement cstmt = con.prepareCall("{call sampleProcedure()}");

使用执行Query（）方法执行上面创建的可调用语句，该方法返回结果集对象。

//Executing the CallableStatement
ResultSet rs1 = cstmt.executeQuery();

如果此过程返回更多结果集对象，请使用 cstmt.get 更多结果（） 方法移动到下一个结果集。

然后，使用可调用语句接口的 getResultSet（） 方法检索下一个结果集。

ResultSet rs2 = cstmt.getResultSet();

例

假设数据库中有一个名为 cricketers_data 的表，其说明如下：

+----------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field          | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| First_Name     | varchar(255) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| Last_Name      | varchar(255) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| Year_Of_Birth  | date         | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| Place_Of_Birth | varchar(255) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| Country        | varchar(255) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+----------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

以及一个名为 dispatch_data 的表，其说明如下：

+------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field            | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Product_Name     | varchar(255) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| Name_Of_Customer | varchar(255) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| Dispatch_Date    | date         | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| Location         | varchar(255) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

我们创建了一个名为 sampleProcedure 的过程，它检索这两个表的内容，如下所示：

mysql> DELIMITER // ;
mysql> Create procedure sampleProcedure ()
       BEGIN
          Select * from cricketers_data;
          Select * from dispatch_data;
       END//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> DELIMITER ;

下面的 JDBC 示例建立与数据库的连接，调用名为 sampleProcedure 的过程，检索它返回的结果集，然后打印内容。

import java.sql.CallableStatement;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
public class MultipleResultSetsStoredProcedure {
   public static void main(String args[]) throws SQLException {
      //Registering the Driver
      DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.mysql.jdbc.Driver());
      //Getting the connection
      String mysqlUrl = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/mydatabase";
      Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(mysqlUrl, "root", "password");
      System.out.println("Connection established......");
      //Preparing a CallableStatement to call the retrieveData procedure
      CallableStatement cstmt = con.prepareCall("{call sampleProcedure()}");
      //Executing the CallableStatement
      ResultSet rs1 = cstmt.executeQuery();
      //Displaying the result
      System.out.println("Contents of the first result-set");
      while(rs1.next()) {
         System.out.print("First Name: "+rs1.getString("First_Name")+", ");
         System.out.print("Last Name: "+rs1.getString("Last_Name")+", ");
         System.out.print("Year of Birth: "+rs1.getDate("Year_Of_Birth")+", ");
         System.out.print("Place of Birth: "+rs1.getString("Place_Of_Birth")+", ");
         System.out.print("Country: "+rs1.getString("Country"));
         System.out.println();
      }
      System.out.println(" ");
      cstmt.getMoreResults();
      System.out.println("Contents of the second result-set");
      ResultSet rs2 = cstmt.getResultSet();
      while(rs2.next()) {
         System.out.print("Product Name: "+rs2.getString("Product_Name")+", ");
         System.out.print("Name of Customer: "+rs2.getString("Name_Of_Customer")+", ");
         System.out.print("Dispatch Date: "+rs2.getDate("Dispatch_Date")+", ");
         System.out.print("Location: "+rs2.getString("Location"));
         System.out.println();
      }
   }
}

输出

Connection established......
Contents of the first result-set
First Name: Shikhar, Last Name: Dhawan, Year of Birth: 1981-12-05, Place of Birth: Delhi, Country: India
First Name: Jonathan, Last Name: Trott, Year of Birth: 1981-04-22, Place of Birth: CapeTown, Country: SouthAfrica
First Name: Lumara, Last Name: Sangakkara, Year of Birth: 1977-10-27, Place of Birth: Matale, Country: Srilanka
First Name: Virat, Last Name: Kohli, Year of Birth: 1988-11-05, Place of Birth: Delhi, Country: India
First Name: Rohit, Last Name: Sharma, Year of Birth: 1987-04-30, Place of Birth: Nagpur, Country: India

Contents of the second result-set
Product Name: KeyBoard, Name of Customer: Amith, Dispatch Date: 1981-12-05, Location: Hyderabad
Product Name: Ear phones, Name of Customer: Sumith, Dispatch Date: 1981-04-22, Location: Vishakhapatnam
Product Name: Mouse, Name of Customer: Sudha, Dispatch Date: 1988-11-05, Location: Vijayawada