4.1 左值到右值的转换中英文对照(C++标准中文版 ISO/IEC 14882:2014)

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最新推荐文章于 2018-08-16 16:17:09 发布

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4.1 Lvalue-to-rvalue conversion [conv.lval]
4.1 左值到右值的转换

1 A glvalue (3.10) of a non-function, non-array type T can be converted to a prvalue. [55: For historical reasons, this conversion is called the “lvalue-to-rvalue” conversion, even though that name does not accurately reflect the taxonomy of expressions described in 3.10.]
1 非函数、非数组类型T的泛化左值glvalue（3.10）可被转换为一个纯右值prvalue。［注55：由于历史原因，本转换被称为“左值到右值”转换，尽管该名称无法准确反映3.10中所述的表达式的分类系统。］
If T is an incomplete type, a program that necessitates this conversion is ill-formed. If T is a non-class type, the type of the prvalue is the cv-unqualified version of T. Otherwise, the type of the prvalue is T. [56: In C ++ class prvalues can have cv-qualified types (because they are objects). This differs from ISO C, in which non-lvalues never have cv-qualified types.]
若T为不完整类型，那么要用到本转换的程序是不良形式的。若T为非class类型，则纯右值prvalue的类型是T的cv非限定版本。否则，纯右值的类型是T。［注56：在C++中，class纯右值可以具有cv限定类型（因为它们是对象）。这与ISO C不同，ISO C中非左值永远不具有cv限定类型。］

2 When an lvalue-to-rvalue conversion is applied to an expression e, and either
2 当左值到右值转换发生于表达式e，且不属于：
— e is not potentially evaluated, or
— e未被潜在求值，或
— the evaluation of e results in the evaluation of a member ex of the set of potential results of e, and ex names a variable x that is not odr-used by ex (3.2),
— e的求值为这样的结果：e的潜在结果集合里的某成员ex之求值，且ex命名了一个未被ex odr-used变量x？？？？(译者注：神啊，劈死该死的英文标准记录员吧。译者参不透本句啊！)
the value contained in the referenced object is not accessed. [Example:
被引用对象中包含的值不被访问。[例：

  struct S { int n; };
  auto f() {
    S x { 1 };
    constexpr S y { 2 };
    return [&](bool b) { return (b ? y : x).n; };
  }
  auto g = f();
  int m = g(false); // undefined behavior due to access of x.n outside its lifetime
                    // 未定义行为，因为访问x.n超出了其生存期
  int n = g(true); // OK, does not access y.n
                   // OK，不访问y.n

—end example ] In all other cases, the result of the conversion is determined according to the following rules:
—例结束] 所有情形下，本转换的结果根据以下规则来决定：

— If T is (possibly cv-qualified) std::nullptr_t, the result is a null pointer constant (4.10).
— 若T为(可能是cv限定的)std::nullptr_t，结果是null指针常量(4.10)。
— Otherwise, if T has a class type, the conversion copy-initializes a temporary of type T from the glvalue and the result of the conversion is a prvalue for the temporary.
— 否则，若T具有class类型，本转换由glvalue复制初始化一个类型T的临时对象，且转换结果是该临时对象的纯右值。
— Otherwise, if the object to which the glvalue refers contains an invalid pointer value (3.7.4.2, 3.7.4.3), the behavior is implementation-defined.
— 否则，若glvalue指代的对象中含有非法指针值(3.7.4.2, 3.7.4.3)，行为由具体实现来定义
— Otherwise, the value contained in the object indicated by the glvalue is the prvalue result.
— 否则，glvalue指代对象中含有的值就是纯右值结果。

3 [Note: See also 3.10.—end note ]

3 ［注：见3.10。——注结束］