Ubuntu 18.04 + Cuda9.0 + Cudnn7.1 + tensorflow-gpu1.5
1.gcc/g++降级
Ubuntu18.04自带的gcc/g++是7.0版本的，但cuda不支持这么高版本，我们需要安装4.8版本。
1.下载安装4.8版本的gcc/g++
-
sudo apt-get
install gcc
-4.8
-
sudo apt-
get
install g++
-4.8
2.让gcc软连接至4.8版本的gcc，g++软连接至4.5版本的g++
装完后进入到/usr/bin目录下
-
sudo mv gcc gcc.bak
#备份
-
sudo ln -s gcc
-4.8 gcc
#重新链接
对g++也进行同样的操作
3.再查看gcc和g++版本号
gcc -v g++ -v
均显示gcc version 4.8 ，说明gcc 48.8安装成功。
2.安装GPU（针对ubuntu18.04）
安装所有推荐的驱动：
sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall
3.cuda安装
1.下载cuda安装包，我们安装9.0版本，地址：CUDA
将上面的选项框填好后，会弹出下面的选项框
下载CUDA9.0和全部四个补丁（这几个补丁不安装的话，cuda在使用过程中可能出现各种bug），他们会被保存到该用户目录下的 Downloads 文件夹下。
2.安装cuda
进入Downloads/后，输入：
-
sh
cuda_9
.0
.176_384
.81_linux
.run
-
sh
cuda_9
.0
.176
.1_linux
.run
-
sh
cuda_9
.0
.176
.2_linux
.run
-
sh
cuda_9
.0
.176
.3_linux
.run
-
sh
cuda_9
.0
.176
.4_linux
.run
安装这五个文件
注意：执行，如果有安装了显卡驱动的，注意在提问是否安装显卡驱动时选择no（因为在前边已经装过了）,其他 选择默认路径或者yes即可。
注：我们也可以不在usr/local下安装cuda,而在用户根目录下安装：
然后就可以了
3.添加访问cuda的路径
安装完毕之后，将以下两条加入.barshrc文件中.
-
sudo vim ~/.barshrc
-
export PATH=/usr/
local/cuda-9.0/bin
${PATH:+:$PATH}}
-
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/
local/cuda-9.0/lib64
${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}}
下边的这两条和上边的等价（暂时没搞清楚为什么）：
-
sudo vim ~/.barshrc
-
export PATH=/usr/
local/cuda-9.0/bin:
$PATH
-
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/
local/cuda-9.0/lib64:
$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
4.CUDNN安装
CUDNN需要注册，我们安装7.1.3版本
注册完以后，出现下面的界面：
下载结束后，将压缩包进行解压缩。
然后，在Downloads/文件夹内输入如下命令，将CUDNN拷贝至CUDA的目录中（注，CUDNN无需安装）：
-
sudo cp cuda/
include/cudnn.h /usr/local/cuda/
include
-
sudo cp cuda/lib64/libcudnn*
/usr/local
/cuda/lib64
-
sudo chmod a+r /usr/local/cuda/
include/cudnn.h /usr/local/cuda/lib64/libcudnn*
5.cuda测试（看cuda是否安装好）
进入samples文件夹，一般在home目录下
-
cd ~/NVIDIA_CUDA
-9.1_Samples/
-
make
编译完成后，进入：
cd ./bin/x86_64/linux/release
使用deviceQuery 或 bandwidthTest测试
-
$ ./deviceQuery
-
-
./deviceQuery Starting...
-
-
CUDA Device Query (Runtime API) version (CUDART static linking)
-
-
Detected 1 CUDA Capable device(s)
-
-
Device 0: "GeForce GTX 960M"
-
CUDA Driver Version / Runtime Version 9.1 / 9.1
-
CUDA Capability Major/Minor version number: 5.0
-
Total amount of global memory: 2004 MBytes (2101870592 bytes)
-
( 5) Multiprocessors, (128) CUDA Cores/MP: 640 CUDA Cores
-
GPU Max Clock rate: 1176 MHz (1.18 GHz)
-
Memory Clock rate: 2505 Mhz
-
Memory Bus Width: 128-bit
-
L2
Cache
Size:
2097152
bytes
-
Maximum Texture
Dimension
Size (x,y,z)
1D=(
65536),
2D=(
65536,
65536),
3D=(
4096,
4096,
4096)
-
Maximum Layered
1D Texture
Size, (
num) layers
1D=(
16384),
2048 layers
-
Maximum Layered
2D Texture
Size, (
num) layers
2D=(
16384,
16384),
2048 layers
-
Total amount
of
constant
memory:
65536
bytes
-
Total amount
of
shared
memory per
block:
49152
bytes
-
Total
number
of registers available per
block:
65536
-
Warp
size:
32
-
Maximum
number
of threads per multiprocessor:
2048
-
Maximum
number
of threads per
block:
1024
-
Max
dimension
size
of a
thread
block (x,y,z): (
1024,
1024,
64)
-
Max
dimension
size
of a grid
size (x,y,z): (
2147483647,
65535,
65535)
-
Maximum
memory pitch:
2147483647
bytes
-
Texture alignment:
512
bytes
-
Concurrent copy
and kernel execution: Yes
with
1 copy
engine(s)
-
Run
time
limit
on kernels: Yes
-
Integrated GPU sharing Host
Memory:
No
-
Support host page-
locked
memory
mapping: Yes
-
Alignment requirement
for Surfaces: Yes
-
Device has ECC support: Disabled
-
Device supports Unified Addressing (UVA): Yes
-
Supports Cooperative Kernel Launch:
No
-
Supports MultiDevice Co-op Kernel Launch:
No
-
Device PCI
Domain
ID / Bus
ID / location
ID:
0 /
1 /
0
-
Compute
Mode:
-
<
Default (multiple host threads can
use ::cudaSetDevice()
with device simultaneously) >
-
-
deviceQuery, CUDA Driver = CUDART, CUDA Driver
Version =
9.1, CUDA Runtime
Version =
9.1, NumDevs =
1
-
Result = PASS
-
$ ./bandwidthTest
-
-
[CUDA Bandwidth Test] - Starting...
-
Running
on...
-
-
Device
0: GeForce GTX
960M
-
Quick Mode
-
-
Host
to Device Bandwidth,
1 Device(s)
-
PINNED Memory Transfers
-
Transfer Size (Bytes) Bandwidth(MB/s)
-
33554432
12339.9
-
-
Device
to Host Bandwidth,
1 Device(s)
-
PINNED Memory Transfers
-
Transfer Size (Bytes) Bandwidth(MB/s)
-
33554432
11720.0
-
-
Device
to Device Bandwidth,
1 Device(s)
-
PINNED Memory Transfers
-
Transfer Size (Bytes) Bandwidth(MB/s)
-
33554432
65699.6
-
-
Result = PASS
-
-
NOTE: The CUDA Samples are
not meant
for performance measurements. Results may vary
when GPU Boost
is enabled.
在usr/local/cuda-9.0中输入nvcc -V
会出现：
-
-
yhao@yhao-
X550VB:~$ nvcc -V
-
-
nvcc: NVIDIA (R) Cuda compiler driver
-
-
Copyright (c)
2005-
2016 NVIDIA Corporation
-
-
Built on
Tue_Jan_10_13:
22
:
03_CST_2017
-
-
Cuda compilation tools, release
9.0, V8.
0.
61
6.tensorflow-gpu安装
在anaconda官网上下载anaconda并安装好后，输入：
pip install tensorflow-gpu==1.5.0
可以看到pip更新后，anaconda里边的库也会更新（如果是conda install 会出现问题，原因暂时没有搞清楚）
安装好后，可以在spyder-python中使用
import tensorflow as tf
有可能tensorflow在anaconda上不好使，这时候可以安装一个pycharm来运行tensorflow
7.cuda/cudnn版本与tensorflow版本对应关系
cuda/cudnn需要安装对应版本的tensorflow，不然会出现各种bug:
cuda8/cudnn5 --> tensorflow1.2及以下
cuda8/cudnn6 --> tensorflow1.3以及1.4
cuda9/cudnn7 --> tensorflow1.5及以上
REFERENCE:https: //blog.csdn.net/u014513863/article/details/82720866
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