个人学习springboot的笔记

最近本人有一门实验课数据库设计实验，与同组人讨论决定采用springboot+vue框架来实现，因此开始学习springboot，给自己的学习历程做一些笔记。
pom.xml配置如下，引入依赖项，idea使用maven依赖项感觉还是容易的

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.5.0</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
	<groupId>com.example</groupId>
	<artifactId>test2</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>demo</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
	<properties>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-rest</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<!--用于编译jsp-->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
			<artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId>
			 <scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
			<version>1.3.2</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
			<scope>runtime</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
			<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
			<optional>true</optional>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>2.4.5</version>
				<configuration>
					<excludes>
						<exclude>
							<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
							<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
						</exclude>
					</excludes>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
				<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>3.1.0</version>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

</project>

然后是配置application.properties文件

#Mysql属性配置文件,Spring-boot系统配置
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/student?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&useSSL=false
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=152233

#配置自动建表：updata:没有表新建，有表更新操作,控制台显示建表语句
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update
spring.jpa.show-sql=true

spring.mvc.view.prefix = /templates/
spring.mvc.view.suffix = .jsp
#静态文件访问配置
spring.mvc.static-path-pattern=/static/**

配置完就可以开始学习了
当然还要了解到springboot的项目结构
首先是启动类,放于源码目录下

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
	}

}

创建实体目录，在其目录下创建实体
设置表的名称和主键等，这里的主键是stdnum，采用的是自增长的方式（现在还没了解该如何自定义主键，在之后学习中应该会学到）

package com.entity;

import javax.persistence.*;

@Entity
@Table(name = "ss")
public class person {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Integer stdnum;
    @Column(length = 10)
    private String stdname;
    public person(){}
    public Integer getStdnum(){
        return stdnum;
    }
    public String getStdname(){
        return stdname;
    }
    public void setStdname(String stdname){
        this.stdname = stdname;
    }
    public void setStdnum(Integer stdnum){
        this.stdnum = stdnum;
    }
}

Dao层主要是用于与数据库进行交互。
网上介绍如下：DAO层会调用entity层，DAO中会定义实际使用到的方法，比如增删改查。DAO 层的数据源和数据库连接的参数都是在配置文件中进行配置的，配置文件一般在同层的XML文件夹中。数据持久化操作就是指，把数据放到持久化的介质中，同时提供增删改查操作。
定义如下：

public interface persondao extends JpaRepository<person,Integer>{

}

然后在service层下完成逻辑实现

package com.Service;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import com.Dao.persondao;
import com.entity.person;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;

@Service
public class personservice {
    @Autowired
    private persondao pd;
    public void addperson(person person){
        pd.save(person);
    }
    public void remove(Integer id){
        pd.deleteById(id);
    }
    public void update(person person){
        pd.save(person);
    }
    public Optional<person> getbyid(Integer id){
        return pd.findById(id);
    }
    public Iterable<person> getlist(){
        return pd.findAll();
    }
}

试着在Test类中测试

@SpringBootTest(classes = DemoApplication.class, webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
class DemoApplicationTests {
	@Autowired
	private persondao pd;
	@Test
	public void testadd() {
		person person = new person();
		person.setStdnum(1);
		person.setStdname("sss");
		person re = pd.save(person);
		System.out.println("创建学生成功，学生名为"+re.getStdname());
		System.out.println("hellp");
	}
	@Test
	public void getlist() {
		Iterable<person> p= pd.findAll();
		for(person tmp : p) {
			System.out.println(tmp.getStdnum().toString() + ":" + tmp.getStdname() );
		}
	}
	@Test
	public void getlistbyid() {
		Optional<person> p = pd.findById(5);
		person tmp = p.get();
		System.out.println(tmp.getStdnum()+":"+tmp.getStdname());
	}
	@Test
	public void update() {
		person person = new person();
		person.setStdname("lyl");
		person re = pd.save(person);
	}
	@Test
	public void delete() {
		pd.deleteById(4);
		pd.deleteById(5);
		System.out.println("删除成功");
	}
	@Test
	void contextLoads() {
	}

}

controller层负责前后端交互，接受前端请求，调用service层，接收service层返回的数据，最后返回具体的页面和数据到客户端。
写一个controller来实现前端显示数据库内容

@Controller
public class hello {
    @Autowired
    private persondao info;
    @RequestMapping("/input")
    @ResponseBody
    public List queryAll() {
        return info.findAll();
    }
    @RequestMapping("/showtables")
    public String hello(Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("info",queryAll());
        return "show-tables";

    }
}

html页面代码：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmln="http//www.thymeleaf.org" xmlns:th="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title></title>
</head>
<body>
</div>
<div class="row">
    <div class="col-md-12">
        <div class="alert alert-success">
            <table border="2" width="200" align="center">
                <tr>
                    <td>学生学号</td>
                    <td>学生姓名</td>
                </tr>
                <tr th:each ="i:${info}">
                    <td th:text = "${i.stdnum}"></td>
                    <td th:text = "${i.stdname}"></td>
                </tr>
            </table>
        </div>
    </div>

</div>
</body>
</html>

结果如下：