最简方式安装oracle 23c free

alpha xu

于 2024-04-30 21:46:04 发布

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文章标签： oracle sql 数据库

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/alva_xu/article/details/138356839

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简介

我一直认为，最靠谱的文档就是原厂官网的文档，阅读再次加工的文档都有可能把你带偏。
oracle官网提供了大量的文档，一个好的oracle使用者，应该首先是好的oracle官网阅读者。
oracle数据库作为收费颇贵的商业数据库软件，其功能和支持却也是无可挑剔。新推出的oracle 23c，其配套推出的 oracle 23c free 免费版数据库，着实方便了oracle爱好者的学习和提高。而其安装之简便，也是让人啧啧称赞。

1. 下载oracle free相关rpm及安装手册

oracle 的下载地址如下：Software Download | Oracle
而最新推出的oracle database 23C free的安装手册如下：Oracle Database Free Installation Guide, 23c for Linux x86-64
根据该官方的安装文档，针对centos x86_64版，下载如下两个文件

oracle-database-preinstall-23c-1.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
Oracle Linux 8 (x86_64) Development | Oracle, Software. Hardware. Complete.
oracle-database-free-23c-1.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
Get Started with Oracle Database 23c | Oracle

这里两个rpm都可以下载
下载的文件，我把它们放到了root 的home目录下

2. 用dnf 本地安装preinstall

[root@centos8 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg       oracle-database-free-23c-1.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
initial-setup-ks.cfg  oracle-database-preinstall-23c-1.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
[root@centos8 ~]# dnf -y install oracle-database-preinstall-23c-1.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
Last metadata expiration check: 0:03:10 ago on Wed 24 Apr 2024 08:36:27 PM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
=============================================================================================================================
 Package                                   Architecture      Version                           Repository               Size
=============================================================================================================================
Installing:
 oracle-database-preinstall-23c            x86_64            1.0-1.el8                         @commandline             30 k
Installing dependencies:
 compat-openssl10                          x86_64            1:1.0.2o-3.el8                    AppStream               1.1 M
 glibc-devel                               x86_64            2.28-164.el8                      base                    1.0 M
 glibc-headers                             x86_64            2.28-164.el8                      base                    480 k
 kernel-headers                            x86_64            4.18.0-348.7.1.el8_5              base                    8.3 M
 ksh                                       x86_64            20120801-254.el8                  AppStream               926 k
 libxcrypt-devel                           x86_64            4.1.1-6.el8                       base                     25 k
 make                                      x86_64            1:4.2.1-10.el8                    base                    498 k

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================
Install  8 Packages

Total size: 12 M
Total download size: 12 M
Installed size: 16 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/7): glibc-headers-2.28-164.el8.x86_64.rpm                                                 3.1 MB/s | 480 kB     00:00
(2/7): glibc-devel-2.28-164.el8.x86_64.rpm                                                   5.8 MB/s | 1.0 MB     00:00
(3/7): libxcrypt-devel-4.1.1-6.el8.x86_64.rpm                                                344 kB/s |  25 kB     00:00
(4/7): make-4.2.1-10.el8.x86_64.rpm                                                          3.9 MB/s | 498 kB     00:00
(5/7): compat-openssl10-1.0.2o-3.el8.x86_64.rpm                                              5.4 MB/s | 1.1 MB     00:00
(6/7): ksh-20120801-254.el8.x86_64.rpm                                                       3.7 MB/s | 926 kB     00:00
(7/7): kernel-headers-4.18.0-348.7.1.el8_5.x86_64.rpm                                         12 MB/s | 8.3 MB     00:00
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                                         17 MB/s |  12 MB     00:00
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                                                                     1/1
  Installing       : make-1:4.2.1-10.el8.x86_64                                                                          1/8
  Running scriptlet: make-1:4.2.1-10.el8.x86_64                                                                          1/8
  Installing       : compat-openssl10-1:1.0.2o-3.el8.x86_64                                                              2/8
  Running scriptlet: compat-openssl10-1:1.0.2o-3.el8.x86_64                                                              2/8
  Installing       : ksh-20120801-254.el8.x86_64                                                                         3/8
  Running scriptlet: ksh-20120801-254.el8.x86_64                                                                         3/8
  Installing       : kernel-headers-4.18.0-348.7.1.el8_5.x86_64                                                          4/8
  Running scriptlet: glibc-headers-2.28-164.el8.x86_64                                                                   5/8
  Installing       : glibc-headers-2.28-164.el8.x86_64                                                                   5/8
  Installing       : libxcrypt-devel-4.1.1-6.el8.x86_64                                                                  6/8
  Installing       : glibc-devel-2.28-164.el8.x86_64                                                                     7/8
  Running scriptlet: glibc-devel-2.28-164.el8.x86_64                                                                     7/8
  Installing       : oracle-database-preinstall-23c-1.0-1.el8.x86_64                                                     8/8
  Running scriptlet: oracle-database-preinstall-23c-1.0-1.el8.x86_64                                                     8/8
  Verifying        : glibc-devel-2.28-164.el8.x86_64                                                                     1/8
  Verifying        : glibc-headers-2.28-164.el8.x86_64                                                                   2/8
  Verifying        : kernel-headers-4.18.0-348.7.1.el8_5.x86_64                                                          3/8
  Verifying        : libxcrypt-devel-4.1.1-6.el8.x86_64                                                                  4/8
  Verifying        : make-1:4.2.1-10.el8.x86_64                                                                          5/8
  Verifying        : compat-openssl10-1:1.0.2o-3.el8.x86_64                                                              6/8
  Verifying        : ksh-20120801-254.el8.x86_64                                                                         7/8
  Verifying        : oracle-database-preinstall-23c-1.0-1.el8.x86_64                                                     8/8

Installed:
  compat-openssl10-1:1.0.2o-3.el8.x86_64                   glibc-devel-2.28-164.el8.x86_64
  glibc-headers-2.28-164.el8.x86_64                        kernel-headers-4.18.0-348.7.1.el8_5.x86_64
  ksh-20120801-254.el8.x86_64                              libxcrypt-devel-4.1.1-6.el8.x86_64
  make-1:4.2.1-10.el8.x86_64                               oracle-database-preinstall-23c-1.0-1.el8.x86_64

Complete!

3.用dnf 本地安装Oracle_free

[root@centos8 ~]# dnf -y localinstall oracle-database-free-23c-1.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
Last metadata expiration check: 0:11:22 ago on Wed 24 Apr 2024 08:36:27 PM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
=============================================================================================================================
 Package                                  Architecture           Version                  Repository                    Size
=============================================================================================================================
Installing:
 oracle-database-free-23c                 x86_64                 1.0-1                    @commandline                 1.6 G

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total size: 1.6 G
Installed size: 4.0 G
Downloading Packages:
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                                                                     1/1
  Running scriptlet: oracle-database-free-23c-1.0-1.x86_64                                                               1/1
  Installing       : oracle-database-free-23c-1.0-1.x86_64                                                               1/1
  Running scriptlet: oracle-database-free-23c-1.0-1.x86_64                                                               1/1
[INFO] Executing post installation scripts...
[INFO] Oracle home installed successfully and ready to be configured.
To configure Oracle Database Free, optionally modify the parameters in '/etc/sysconfig/oracle-free-23c.conf' and then run '/etc/init.d/oracle-free-23c configure' as root.

  Verifying        : oracle-database-free-23c-1.0-1.x86_64                                                               1/1

Installed:
  oracle-database-free-23c-1.0-1.x86_64

Complete!

4. 执行config 完成配置

[root@centos8 sysconfig]# /etc/init.d/oracle-free-23c configure
Specify a password to be used for database accounts. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9]. Note that the same password will be used for SYS, SYSTEM and PDBADMIN accounts:
Confirm the password:
Configuring Oracle Listener.
Listener configuration succeeded.
Configuring Oracle Database FREE.
Enter SYS user password:
*******
Enter SYSTEM user password:
*********
Enter PDBADMIN User Password:
********
Prepare for db operation
7% complete
Copying database files
29% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
30% complete
33% complete
36% complete
39% complete
43% complete
Completing Database Creation
47% complete
49% complete
50% complete
Creating Pluggable Databases
54% complete
71% complete
Executing Post Configuration Actions
93% complete
Running Custom Scripts
100% complete
Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:
 /opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/FREE.
Database Information:
Global Database Name:FREE
System Identifier(SID):FREE
Look at the log file "/opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/FREE/FREE.log" for further details.

Connect to Oracle Database using one of the connect strings:
     Pluggable database: centos8/FREEPDB1
     Multitenant container database: centos8

5.以oracle用户登录，运行环境设置

[root@centos8 sysconfig]# su - oracle
[oracle@centos8 ~]$ pwd
/home/oracle

[oracle@centos8 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=FREE
[oracle@centos8 ~]$ export ORAENV_ASK=NO
[oracle@centos8 ~]$ . /opt/oracle/product/23c/dbhomeFree/bin/oraenv
The Oracle base has been set to /opt/oracle

为方便起见，可以将oraenv拷贝到oralce的home 目录，以后每次运行sqlplus ,都需要运行oraenv以设置oracle用户的运行环境

6. 用sqlplus 验证 oracle free安装成功并正常启动

[oracle@centos8 bin]$ ./sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 23.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Apr 24 21:34:23 2024
Version 23.3.0.23.09

Copyright (c) 1982, 2023, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 23c Free Release 23.0.0.0.0 - Develop, Learn, and Run for Free
Version 23.3.0.23.09
SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME    STATUS
---------------- ------------
FREE             OPEN

7. 设置 oracle free instance随操作系统启停

[root@centos8 ~]#systemctl daemon-reload
[root@centos8 ~]#
systemctl enable oracle-free-23c
[root@centos8 ~]#systemctl start oracle-free-23c
[root@centos8 ~]#systemctl stop oracle-free-23c

oracle 23C的 free 数据库，为oracle 的爱好者学习23C 的new feature 提供了极大的便利。