【OpenCV】Cameo

2018-7-3
好几天没来了，上周五按照书中程序，手打一份代码跑了一下，今天分析总结一下。

实现的功能：
1、从摄像头读取视频流，将其在窗口中实时显示
2、使用键盘按键可以实现截图、录取视频、退出的功能

首先这个程序将视频I/O流代码与应用程序代码分离。
I/O流接口分为：CaptureManager类和WindowManager类
CaptureManager：读取新的帧，将帧分派到一个或多个输出中(如图想、视频和窗口)
WindowManager：以面向对象的形式处理窗口和事件

Cameo.py

import cv2, time
from managers import WindowManager, CaptureManager

class Cameo(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self._windowManager = WindowManager('Cameo', self.onKeypress)
        self._captureManager = CaptureManager(cv2.VideoCapture(0), self._windowManager, True)
        # self._t1 = None
        # self._t2 = None

    def run(self):
        """Running the main loop."""
        self._windowManager.createWindow()
        while self._windowManager.isWindowCreated:
            # self._t1 = time.time()
            self._captureManager.enterFrame()
            frame = self._captureManager.frame

            # TODO:Filter the frame

            self._captureManager.exitFrame()
            self._windowManager.processEvents()
            # self._t2 = time.time()
            # print(self._t2 - self._t1)

    def onKeypress(self, keycode):
        """Handle a keypress.
        space - > Take a screenshot.
        tab - > Start/stop recording a screencast.
        escape - > Quit.
        """
        if keycode == 32:  # space
            self._captureManager.writeImage('screenshot.png')
        elif keycode == 9:  # table
            if not self._captureManager.isWritingVideo:
                print("2222")
                self._captureManager.startWritingVideo('screencast111.avi')
            else:
                print("23333")
                self._captureManager.stopWritingVideo()
        elif keycode == 27:  # escape
            self._windowManager.destroyWindow()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    Cameo().run()

1. 定义初始化函数__init__，创建WindowManager、CaptureManager两个类的实例对象
2. 定义run函数
   (1)创建一个窗口
   (2)执行循环：不停地捕获下一帧，存入文件，释放帧。也就是不停地调用enterFrame()和exitFrame()。同时不停扫描键盘输入。
3. 定义onKeypress函数
   ① space(32)：截屏
   ② tab(9)：录视频
   ③escape(27)：退出，关闭窗口

managers.py

class CaptureManager(object):
    #####################
    # 导入构造函数、属性值 #
    #####################
    def __init__(self, capture, previewWindowManager = None, shouldMirrorPreview = False):

        self.previewWindowManager = previewWindowManager
        self.shouldMirrorPreview = shouldMirrorPreview

        # 前面有一个下划线_标示的为非公有变量
        # '_'表示保护变量,只有类对象和子类对象中能访问这些变量
        # '__'表示私有成员变量，只有类对象自己能访问,子类对象都不能访问
        self._capture = capture
        self._channel = 0
        self._enteredFrame = False

        self._frame = None