通过XmlDocument读写Xml文档



通过XmlDocument读写Xml文档

http://www.cnblogs.com/yukaizhao/archive/2011/07/19/csharp_xmldocument_access_xml.html

有如下一段Xml：

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<? xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> < students >    <!--我是一段注释文字-->    < student name="张平">      < courses >        < course name="语文?">          < teacherComment >            <![CDATA[          这里是语文老师的批注          ]]>          </ teacherComment >           </ course >          < course name="数学">          < teacherComment >            <![CDATA[          这里是数学老师的批注          ]]>          </ teacherComment >        </ course >      </ courses >    </ student > </ students >

1.如何使用XmlDocument读取Xml

我要用一段代码遍历所有Student，并打印Student的所有属性和子节点的值

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/*玉开博客 http://www.cnblogs.com/yukaizhao/ */ using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using System.Xml;   namespace XmlExample {      class Program      {          static void Main( string [] args)          {              string xmlFilePath = @"X:\about.net\example\XmlExample\1.xml" ;              XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();              doc.Load(xmlFilePath);                //使用xpath表达式选择文档中所有的student子节点              XmlNodeList studentNodeList = doc.SelectNodes( "/students/student" );              if (studentNodeList != null )              {                  foreach (XmlNode studentNode in studentNodeList)                  {                      //通过Attributes获得属性名字为name的属性                      string name = studentNode.Attributes[ "name" ].Value;                      Console.WriteLine( "Student:" + name);                        //通过SelectSingleNode方法获得当前节点下的courses子节点                      XmlNode coursesNode = studentNode.SelectSingleNode( "courses" );                        //通过ChildNodes属性获得courseNode的所有一级子节点                      XmlNodeList courseNodeList = coursesNode.ChildNodes;                      if (courseNodeList != null )                      {                          foreach (XmlNode courseNode in courseNodeList)                          {                              Console.Write( "\t" );                              Console.Write(courseNode.Attributes[ "name" ].Value);                              Console.Write( "老师评语" );                              //通过FirstNode属性可以获得课程节点的第一个子节点，LastNode可以获得最后一个子节点                              XmlNode teacherCommentNode = courseNode.FirstChild;                              //读取CData节点                              XmlCDataSection cdata = (XmlCDataSection)teacherCommentNode.FirstChild;                              Console.WriteLine(cdata.InnerText.Trim());                          }                      }                  }              }                Console.Write( "\r\nPress any key to continue...." );              Console.Read();          }      } }

XmlDocument本身是从XmlNode继承的，读Xml节点可以通过FirstChild，LastChild，或者NextSibling，PreviousSibling读取单个节点，或者通过ChildNodes读取所有子节点。还可以使用XPath表达式使用SelectNodes(string xpath)或者SelectSingleNode(string xpath)读取单个或者多个符合条件的节点。

2.如何通过XmlDocument编辑Xml

同样是读取Xml中的xml例子，我们这次要用csharp代码生成xml，如下代码：

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/*玉开博客 http://www.cnblogs.com/yukaizhao/ */ using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using System.Xml;   namespace WriteXml {      class Program      {          static void Main( string [] args)          {              XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();              //创建Xml声明部分，即<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>              xmlDoc.CreateXmlDeclaration( "1.0" , "utf-8" , "yes" );                //创建根节点              XmlNode rootNode = xmlDoc.CreateElement( "students" );                //创建student子节点              XmlNode studentNode = xmlDoc.CreateElement( "student" );              //创建一个属性              XmlAttribute nameAttribute = xmlDoc.CreateAttribute( "name" );              nameAttribute .Value = "张同学" ;              //xml节点附件属性              studentNode.Attributes.Append(nameAttribute);                             //创建courses子节点              XmlNode coursesNode = xmlDoc.CreateElement( "courses" );              XmlNode courseNode1 = xmlDoc.CreateElement( "course" );              XmlAttribute courseNameAttr = xmlDoc.CreateAttribute( "name" );              courseNameAttr.Value = "语文" ;              courseNode1.Attributes.Append(courseNameAttr);              XmlNode teacherCommentNode = xmlDoc.CreateElement( "teacherComment" );              //创建Cdata块              XmlCDataSection cdata = xmlDoc.CreateCDataSection( "<font color=\"red\">这是语文老师的批注</font>" );              teacherCommentNode.AppendChild(cdata);              courseNode1.AppendChild(teacherCommentNode);              coursesNode.AppendChild(courseNode1);              //附加子节点              studentNode.AppendChild(coursesNode);                rootNode.AppendChild(studentNode);              //附加根节点              xmlDoc.AppendChild(rootNode);                //保存Xml文档              xmlDoc.Save( @"d:\test.xml" );                Console.WriteLine( "已保存Xml文档" );              }      } }

使用XmlDocument生成xml的要点在于使用xmlDocument的实例的CreateElement创建XmlNode或者通过CreateAttribute方法创建属性，并通过AppendChild方法附加xml节点，通过AppendAttribute附加Attribute到节点的属性集合。