XML解析之xsi:nil="true"

XML解析之xsi:nil="true"

                                                                                                                                           ——amachaoiv 2008-01-31     首先，我们来看看一个应用 xsi:nil="true"的例子。

    在下面的XML中 <street xsi:nil="true"/> 表示在获取"street"元素的内容时， 在xsi:nil属性的控制下，其返回值应该为null。这跟一般的XML读取不一样，我们需要考虑其 属性 对元素内容的影响。

<? xml version="1.0" ?>
< purchaseOrders  xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation ="F:/test/XML/XSD/primer.xsd" >
   <!--  1st  -->
   < purchaseOrder  id ="1"  orderDate ="2004-06-28" >
     < shipTo  country ="US" >
       < name > Alice Smith </ name >
       < street  xsi:nil ="true" />
       < city > Cambridge </ city >
       < state > MA </ state >
       < zip > 12345 </ zip >
     </ shipTo >
     < billTo  country ="US" >
       < name > Robert Smith </ name >
       < street > 8 Oak Avenue </ street >
       < city > Cambridge </ city >
       < state > MA </ state >
       < zip > 12345 </ zip >
     </ billTo >
     < items />
   </ purchaseOrder >
</ purchaseOrders >

    如何获取系统地获取 xsi:nil的值非常重要。（xsi这个命名空间中还有其他的属性， 如：xsi:type等）
    由于现在对xsd坐检查的API比较多，但能直接获取xsi:nil比较少，下面给大家展现一下应用Xerces进行读取的例子。
    应该到 org.apache.xerces.parsers.DOMParser 类作为xml的分析类，com.sun.org.apache.xpath.internal.XPathAPI用来进行Xpath的读取。
org.apache.xerces.xs.ElementPSVI就是包含有xsi:nil信息的类。

import  java.io.IOException;
import  javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
import  org.apache.xerces.xs.ElementPSVI;
import  org.w3c.dom.Document;
import  org.w3c.dom.Node;
import  org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import  org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import  org.xml.sax.SAXNotRecognizedException;
import  org.xml.sax.SAXNotSupportedException;
import  com.sun.org.apache.xpath.internal.objects.XObject;

public   class  DomTest  ... {
    public static void main(String[] args) ...{
        try ...{
            org.apache.xerces.parsers.DOMParser parser = new org.apache.xerces.parsers.DOMParser();
            parser.setProperty("http://apache.org/xml/properties/dom/document-class-name",
                    "org.apache.xerces.dom.PSVIDocumentImpl");
            parser.setFeature("http://xml.org/sax/features/validation", true);
            parser.setFeature("http://apache.org/xml/features/validation/schema", true);
            parser.setFeature("http://apache.org/xml/features/validation/schema-full-checking", true);
            parser.setFeature("http://xml.org/sax/features/namespaces", true);
            parser.parse("F:/test/XML/XSD/primer.xml");
            org.w3c.dom.Document doc = parser.getDocument();
         org.w3c.dom.Node node = com.sun.org.apache.xpath.internal.XPathAPI.selectSingleNode(doc,
                    "/purchaseOrders/purchaseOrder/shipTo/street");
            if (node instanceof ElementPSVI) ...{
                System.out.println("****" + ((ElementPSVI) node).getNil());
            }
        } catch (SAXNotRecognizedException e) ...{
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SAXNotSupportedException e) ...{
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SAXException e) ...{
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) ...{
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TransformerException e) ...{
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

注意：在没有配置好对应的XSD时，会出现这样的提示信息。xsi:nil也无法正常获取。

[Error] primer.xml: 2 : 72 : cvc - elt. 1 : Cannot find the declaration of element  ' purchaseOrders ' .
**** false

需要创建一个primer.xsd放在对应的目录下。

< xsd:schema xmlns:xsd = " http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema " >
     < xsd:annotation >
         < xsd:documentation xml:lang = " en " >
   Purchase order schema  for  Example.com.
   Copyright  2000  Example.com. All rights reserved.
   </ xsd:documentation >
     </ xsd:annotation >
     < xsd:element name = " purchaseOrders " >
         < xsd:complexType >
             < xsd:sequence >
                 < xsd:element ref = " purchaseOrder "  minOccurs = " 0 "  maxOccurs = " unbounded " />
             </ xsd:sequence >
         </ xsd:complexType >
     </ xsd:element >
     <!-- xsd:element name = " purchaseOrder "  type = " PurchaseOrderType " /-->
     < xsd:element name = " comment "  type = " xsd:string " />
     < xsd:complexType name = " PurchaseOrderType " >
         < xsd:sequence >
             < xsd:element name = " shipTo "  type = " USAddress " />
             < xsd:element name = " billTo "  type = " USAddress " />
             < xsd:element ref = " comment "  minOccurs = " 0 " />
             < xsd:element name = " items "  type = " Items " />
         </ xsd:sequence >
         < xsd:attribute name = " orderDate "  type = " xsd:date " />
         < xsd:attribute name = " id "  type = " xsd:string " />
     </ xsd:complexType >
     < xsd:complexType name = " USAddress " >
         < xsd:sequence >
             < xsd:element name = " name "  nillable = " false " >
                 < xsd:simpleType >
                     < xsd:restriction base = " xsd:string " />
                 </ xsd:simpleType >
             </ xsd:element >
             < xsd:element name = " street "  type = " xsd:string "  nillable = " true " />
             < xsd:element name = " city "  type = " xsd:string " />
             < xsd:element name = " state "  type = " xsd:string " />
             < xsd:element name = " zip "  type = " xsd:decimal " />
         </ xsd:sequence >
         < xsd:attribute name = " country "  type = " xsd:NMTOKEN "  fixed = " US " />
     </ xsd:complexType >
     < xsd:complexType name = " Items " >
         < xsd:sequence >
             < xsd:element name = " item "  minOccurs = " 0 "  maxOccurs = " unbounded " >
                 < xsd:complexType >
                     < xsd:sequence >
                         < xsd:element name = " productName "  type = " xsd:string " />
                         < xsd:element name = " quantity " >
                             < xsd:simpleType >
                                 < xsd:restriction base = " xsd:positiveInteger " >
                                     < xsd:maxExclusive value = " 100 " />
                                 </ xsd:restriction >
                             </ xsd:simpleType >
                         </ xsd:element >
                         < xsd:element name = " USPrice "  type = " xsd:decimal " />
                         < xsd:element ref = " comment "  minOccurs = " 0 " />
                         < xsd:element name = " shipDate "  type = " xsd:date "  minOccurs = " 0 " />
                     </ xsd:sequence >
                     < xsd:attribute name = " partNum "  type = " SKU "  use = " required " />
                 </ xsd:complexType >
             </ xsd:element >
         </ xsd:sequence >
     </ xsd:complexType >
     <!--  Stock Keeping Unit, a code  for  identifying products  -->
     < xsd:simpleType name = " SKU " >
         < xsd:restriction base = " xsd:string " >
             < xsd:pattern value = " d{3}-[A-Z]{2} " />
         </ xsd:restriction >
     </ xsd:simpleType >
     < xsd:element name = " purchaseOrder "  type = " PurchaseOrderType "  nillable = " true " />
</ xsd:schema >

这样运行出来的结果是：

 ****true

多谢阅读！