jvm: 类中的非静态成员变量的初始化是通过构造方法来完成的

amadeus_liu2

已于 2022-06-19 18:34:01 修改

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分类专栏： jvm JAVA基础文章标签： java intellij-idea 开发语言

于 2022-06-19 18:22:44 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/amadeus_liu2/article/details/125360646

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一、类代码：

package com.example.controller;

public class TestInit {
    int i=23;
    private int j=5;
    public String str="Hello , world!";
}

二、javap -verbose TestInit

  Last modified 2022-6-19; size 437 bytes
  MD5 checksum 00f45694f7013668d5515641a5da1bbb
  Compiled from "TestInit.java"
public class com.example.controller.TestInit
  minor version: 0
  major version: 52
  flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_SUPER
Constant pool:
   #1 = Methodref          #7.#22         // java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
   #2 = Fieldref           #6.#23         // com/example/controller/TestInit.i:I
   #3 = Fieldref           #6.#24         // com/example/controller/TestInit.j:I
   #4 = String             #25            // Hello , world!
   #5 = Fieldref           #6.#26         // com/example/controller/TestInit.str:Ljava/lang/String;
   #6 = Class              #27            // com/example/controller/TestInit
   #7 = Class              #28            // java/lang/Object
   #8 = Utf8               i
   #9 = Utf8               I
  #10 = Utf8               j
  #11 = Utf8               str
  #12 = Utf8               Ljava/lang/String;
  #13 = Utf8               <init>
  #14 = Utf8               ()V
  #15 = Utf8               Code
  #16 = Utf8               LineNumberTable
  #17 = Utf8               LocalVariableTable
  #18 = Utf8               this
  #19 = Utf8               Lcom/example/controller/TestInit;
  #20 = Utf8               SourceFile
  #21 = Utf8               TestInit.java
  #22 = NameAndType        #13:#14        // "<init>":()V
  #23 = NameAndType        #8:#9          // i:I
  #24 = NameAndType        #10:#9         // j:I
  #25 = Utf8               Hello , world!
  #26 = NameAndType        #11:#12        // str:Ljava/lang/String;
  #27 = Utf8               com/example/controller/TestInit
  #28 = Utf8               java/lang/Object
{
  int i;
    descriptor: I
    flags:

  public java.lang.String str;
    descriptor: Ljava/lang/String;
    flags: ACC_PUBLIC

  public com.example.controller.TestInit();
    descriptor: ()V
    flags: ACC_PUBLIC
    Code:
      stack=2, locals=1, args_size=1
         0: aload_0
         1: invokespecial #1                  // Method java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
         4: aload_0
         5: bipush        23
         7: putfield      #2                  // Field i:I
        10: aload_0
        11: iconst_5
        12: putfield      #3                  // Field j:I
        15: aload_0
        16: ldc           #4                  // String Hello , world!
        18: putfield      #5                  // Field str:Ljava/lang/String;
        21: return
      LineNumberTable:
        line 3: 0
        line 4: 4
        line 5: 10
        line 6: 15
      LocalVariableTable:
        Start  Length  Slot  Name   Signature
            0      22     0  this   Lcom/example/controller/TestInit;
}
SourceFile: "TestInit.java"

三、结论：
可以在生成的构造方法public com.example.controller.TestInit();的字节码中看到给类变量赋值的指令：

         0: aload_0
         1: invokespecial #1                  // Method java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
         4: aload_0
         5: bipush        23
         7: putfield      #2                  // Field i:I
        10: aload_0
        11: iconst_5
        12: putfield      #3                  // Field j:I
        15: aload_0
        16: ldc           #4                  // String Hello , world!
        18: putfield      #5                  // Field str:Ljava/lang/String;
        21: return

如果有多个构造方法，每个方法里都会包含上述初始化指令