利用动态内存开辟,以减少内存浪费问题
//contast.h头文件模块
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
struct phone
{
//一个人的信息
char name[10];
char sex[10];
int age;
char tele[12];//电话
char addr[20];//住址
};
//通讯录构成
struct contact
{
struct phone *s1;//指向一块空间
int size;//记录当前已有的信息
int phonemax;//当前通讯录容量 当max==size时扩容
};
//声明函数
void Initcontact(struct contact* ps);
void addcontact(struct contact* ps);
void showcontact(const struct contact* ps);
void delcontact(struct contact* ps);
void searchcontact(const struct contact* ps);
void modifycontact(struct contact* ps);
void destroy_memory(struct const* ps);
//contast.c模块
#include "contast.h"
void Initcontact(struct contact* ps)//开辟空间、初始化
{
ps->s1 =(struct phone*) malloc(3 * sizeof(struct phone));
if (ps->s1 == NULL)
return;
ps->size = 0;
ps->phonemax = 3;//初始3个结构体内存
}
void memory_ptr(struct contact* ps)
{
if (ps->size == ps->phonemax)
{ //增容
struct phone*ptr = (struct phone*)realloc(ps->s1, (ps->phonemax + 2) * sizeof(struct phone));
if (ptr != NULL)
{
ps->s1 = ptr;
ps->phonemax += 2;
printf("增容成功\n");
}
else
printf("增容失败\n");
}
}
void addcontact(struct contact* ps)
{
memory_ptr(ps);//检测当前通讯录容量
//增加对象
printf("请输入姓名:");
scanf("%s",ps->s1[ps->size].name);
printf("请输入姓别:");
scanf("%s", ps->s1[ps->size].sex);
printf("请输入年龄:");
scanf("%d", &ps->s1[ps->size].age);
printf("请输入电话:");
scanf("%s", ps->s1[ps->size].tele);
printf("请输入地址:");
scanf("%s", ps->s1[ps->size].addr);
ps->size++;//增加
printf("添加成功\n");
}
void showcontact(const struct contact* ps)
{
//显示
if (ps->size == 0)
{
printf("通讯录为空\n");
}
else
{
int i = 0;
//标题
printf("%-20s\t%-5s\t%-4s\t%-12s\t%-20s\n","姓名","性别","年龄","电话","地址");
//数据
for (i = 0; i < ps->size; i++)
{
printf("%-20s\t%-5s\t%-4d\t%-12s\t%-20s\n", ps->s1[i].name,ps->s1[i].sex,
ps->s1[i].age, ps->s1[i].tele, ps->s1[i].addr);
}
printf("\n");
}
}
static int findname(const struct contact* ps, char name[20])
//del、search、modify函数都要使用,static让findname函数只能在当前模块函数使用
{
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < ps->size; i++)
{
if (strcmp(ps->s1[i].name, name) == 0)
{
return i;
}
}
return -1;//找不到
}
void delcontact( struct contact* ps)
{
//联系人删除
char name[20];
printf("请输入要删除人的名字:");
scanf("%s",name);
int pos = findname(ps, name);
//找到返回元素下标
//找不到返回 -1
if (pos == -1)
{
printf("要删除人的信息不存在\n");
}
else
{
//删除
int j = 0;
for (j = pos; j < ps->size - 1; j++)
{
ps->s1[j] = ps->s1[j + 1];//后面的放前面
}
ps->size--;
printf("删除成功\n");
}
}
void searchcontact(const struct contact* ps)
{
//查找联系人
char name[20];
printf("请输入要查找人的信息:");
scanf("%s",name);
int pos = findname(ps, name);
if (pos == -1)
{
printf("要查找的人不存在\n");
}
else//找到打印下标
{
//标题
printf("%-20s\t%-5s\t%-4s\t%-12s\t%-20s\n", "姓名", "性别", "年龄", "电话", "地址");
//数据
printf("%-20s\t%-5s\t%-4d\t%-12s\t%-20s\n", ps->s1[pos].name, ps->s1[pos].sex,
ps->s1[pos].age, ps->s1[pos].tele, ps->s1[pos].addr);
}
}
void modifycontact(struct contact* ps)
{
//修改联系人
char name[20];
printf("请输入要修改人的信息:");
scanf("%s", name);
int pos = findname(ps, name);
if (pos == -1)
{
printf("要修改人的信息不存在\n");
}
else
{
printf("请输入姓名:");
scanf("%s", ps->s1[pos].name);
printf("请输入姓别:");
scanf("%s", ps->s1[pos].sex);
printf("请输入年龄:");
scanf("%d", &ps->s1[pos].age);
printf("请输入电话:");
scanf("%s", ps->s1[pos].tele);
printf("请输入地址:");
scanf("%s", ps->s1[pos].addr);
printf("修改成功\n");
}
}
void destroy_memory(struct contact* ps)
{
ferr(ps->s1);
ps->s1=NULL;
}
//main.c主函数模块
#include "contast.h"
void menu()
{
printf(" 欢迎来到通讯录小程序 \n");
printf("*************************************\n");
printf("********1、add 2、del************\n");
printf("********3、search 4、modify*********\n");
printf("********5、show 0、exit***********\n");
printf("**************************************\n");
printf("**************************************\n");
printf("**************************************\n");
}
int main()
{
int input = 0;
//创建通讯录
struct contact con;//date指针和size、phonemax
Initcontact(&con);
do
{
menu();
printf("请选择:");
scanf("%d", &input);
switch (input)
{
case 1:
addcontact(&con);
break;
case 2:
delcontact(&con);
break;
case 3:
searchcontact(&con);
break;
case 4:
modifycontact(&con);
break;
case 5:
showcontact(&con);
break;
case 0:
destroy_memory(&con);//释放内存
printf("谢谢使用,已退出通讯录\n");
break;
default :
printf("选择错误\n");
break;
}
} while (input);
return 0;
}