Python list.remove()的坑
关于ValueError: list.remove(x): x not in list
写代码遇见这个错误,标记一下,以免以后再犯。
(1)
list = [1,2,3,4]
for i in list:
print(i,list)
list.remove(i)
print(list)
resulit
(1, [1, 2, 3, 4])
[2, 3, 4]
(3, [2, 3, 4])
[2, 4]
remove 删除匹配的第一项,对i按指标0,1,2…进行删除。循环的第一步,指标为0,i为1,删除,list变为[2,3,4]。循环的第二步,指标为1,更新后的list中指标为1的位置其实是原list中指标为2的位置,即值为3,此次循环删掉3,故list变为[2,4]。循环第3步,指标为2,更新后的list中已经没有指标为2的了,结束循环。
(2)
list = [1,2,3,4]
for i in list:
for a in list:
print(i,a,list)
list.remove(i)
print(list)
result
1, 1, [1, 2, 3, 4])
[2, 3, 4]
(1, 3, [2, 3, 4])
ValueError: list.remove(x): x not in list
循环第一步,i指标0,a指标0,对应位置删除,list为[2,3,4]。循环第二步,i指标为0,a指标为1,即i=1,a=3,此时remove(i)即remove(1),list中没有1了,故出现value error.
(3)
list = [1,2,3,1]
for i in list:
for a in list:
print(i,a,list)
list.remove(i)
print(list)
result
(1, 1, [1, 2, 3, 1])
[2, 3, 1]
(1, 3, [2, 3, 1])
[2, 3]
(3, 2, [2, 3])
[2]
(4)为了每次把第一项去掉,直至删除完毕,可用副本
list = [1,2,3,4]
for i in list[:]:
for i in list[:]:
print(i,list)
list.remove(i)
print(list)
result
(1, [1, 2, 3, 4])
(2, [2, 3, 4])
(3, [3, 4])
(4, [4])
[ ]
(5)关于副本,如下比较
info=[2,4,6,8]
info_copy=info[:]
info.append(10)
info_copy.append(12)
print(info)
print(info_copy)
result
[2, 4, 6, 8, 10]
[2, 4, 6, 8, 12]
以下是不用副本,直接赋值
info=[2,4,6,8]
info_copy=info
info.append(10)
info_copy.append(12)
print(info)
print(info_copy)
result
[2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12]
[2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12]