android文件图片存储以及调用问题

1.配置文件AndroidManifest.xml 添加权限 

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"></uses-permission>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"></uses-permission>

 android 系统版本android6.0以上需要主动申请权限；

  private void checkPermission() {
        //检查权限（NEED_PERMISSION）是否被授权 PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED表示同意授权
        if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
                != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            //用户已经拒绝过一次，再次弹出权限申请对话框需要给用户一个解释
            if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, Manifest.permission
                    .WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)) {
                //                Toast.makeText(this, "请开通相关权限，否则无法正常使用本应用！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
            //申请权限READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, REQUEST_WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);

        } else {//已经授权

            photoDialogPop();//

            DLog.e("AddRepairAct","TAG_SERVICE"+ "checkPermission: 已经授权！");
        }
    }

    //系统方法,从requestPermissions()方法回调结果
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        //确保是我们的请求
        if(requestCode == REQUEST_WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE){
            mHandler.post(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {

                    photoDialogPop();
                }
            });
        }
    }

2.在res中添加储存目录的xml文件 file_provider.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<paths xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <!--
    1、name对应的属性值，开发者可以自由定义；
    2、path对应的属性值，当前external-path标签下的相对路径
    比如：/storage/emulated/0/92Recycle-release.apk
    sdcard路径：/storage/emulated/0(WriteToReadActivity.java:176)
                      at cn.teachcourse.nougat.WriteToReadActivity.onClick(WriteToReadActivity.java:97)
                      at android.view.View.performClick(View.java:5610)
                      at android.view.View$PerformClick.run(View.java:22265)
    相对路径：/
    -->
    <!--1、对应内部内存卡根目录：Context.getFileDir()-->
    <files-path
        name="int_root"
        path="/" />
    <!--2、对应应用默认缓存根目录：Context.getCacheDir()-->
    <cache-path
        name="app_cache"
        path="/" />
    <!--3、对应外部内存卡根目录：Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()-->
    <external-path
        name="ext_root"
        path="pictures/" />
    <!--4、对应外部内存卡根目录下的APP公共目录：Context.getExternalFileDir(String)-->
    <external-files-path
        name="ext_pub"
        path="/" />
    <!--5、对应外部内存卡根目录下的APP缓存目录：Context.getExternalCacheDir()-->
    <external-cache-path
        name="ext_cache"
        path="/" />

    <root-path               //系统目录  必须存在
        name="root_path"
        path="." />
</paths>

3.配置文件AndroidManifest.xml 中添加 provider 声明

<provider
    android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"
    android:authorities="cn.hand.tech.provider3" //包名+provider(任意) 
    android:exported="false"
    android:grantUriPermissions="true">
    <meta-data
        android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
        android:resource="@xml/file_provider" />//上一步添加的xml
</provider>

至此系统文件的调用和存储 条件配置完成。

以下是 系统文件的调用问题

1.获取路径

public static String getAppSdcardDir() {
   if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equalsIgnoreCase(
         Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
      return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + "/" + APP_PATH;
   } else {
      return BApplication.mContext.getCacheDir().getPath() + "/" + APP_PATH;
   }
}

 

2.通过路径获取图片或文件

在res中values的String 文件里面:<string name="authorities">cn.hand.tech.provider3</string>//必须和manifest 中provider 一致

Uri uriForFile = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this, context.getResources().getString(R.string.authorities),new File(path));//uri 必须这样获取 不然会报错
Bitmap bitmap = MediaStore.Images.Media.getBitmap(context.getContentResolver(), uriForFile);

3.图片文件的存储

// 首先保存图片
String dirPath = FileUtils.getAppSdcardDir() + "/" + "bg_image" + "/";
File dirFile = new File(dirPath);
if (!dirFile.exists()) {
    dirFile.mkdirs();
}
String fileName = System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg";
final File file = new File(dirFile, fileName);

FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file);
bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, fos);//图片简单压缩 会有失真
fos.flush();
fos.close();