Hadoop 之 WritableComparable 接口

Writable接口：
它是一个实现了序列化协议的序列化对象。在Hadoop中定义一个结构化对象都要实现Writable接口，使得该结构化对象可以序列化为字节流，字节流也可以反序列化为结构化对象。

WritableComparable接口
WritableComparable接口是可序列化并且可比较的接口。MapReduce中所有的key值类型都必须实现这个接口，既然是可序列化的那就必须得实现readFiels（）和write（）这两个序列化和反序列化函数，既然也是可比较的那就必须得实现compareTo（）函数，该函数即是比较和排序规则的实现。这样MR中的key值就既能可序列化又是可比较的。

一个实现了该接口的对象的列子：

public interface WritableComparable<T>
     extends Writable,Comparable<T>

A Writable which is also Comparable.

WritableComparables can be compared to each other, typically via Comparators. Any type which is to be used as a key in the Hadoop Map-Reduce framework should implement this interface.

Example:

     static class  NewK2 implements WritableComparable<NewK2>{
        Long first;
        Long second;

        public NewK2(){}

        public NewK2(long first, long second){
            this.first = first;
            this.second = second;
        }


        @Override
        public void readFields(DataInput in) throws IOException {
            this.first = in.readLong();
            this.second = in.readLong();
        }

        @Override
        public void write(DataOutput out) throws IOException {
            out.writeLong(first);
            out.writeLong(second);
        }

        /**
         * 当k2进行排序时，会调用该方法.
         * 当第一列不同时，升序；当第一列相同时，第二列升序
         */
        @Override
        public int compareTo(NewK2 o) {
            final long minus = this.first - o.first;
            if(minus !=0){
                return (int)minus;
            }
            return (int)(this.second - o.second);
        }

        @Override
        public int hashCode() {
            return this.first.hashCode()+this.second.hashCode();
        }

        @Override
        public boolean equals(Object obj) {
            if(!(obj instanceof NewK2)){
                return false;
            }
            NewK2 oK2 = (NewK2)obj;
            return (this.first==oK2.first)
                    &&(this.second==oK2.second);
        }
    }