Fragment与Fragment之间交互

装载自:https://developer.android.com/training/basics/fragments/communicating.html 

Fragment与Fragment之间交互

首先我们必须知道Fragment是依附于Activity的,所有以Fragment 之间的交互应通过与之关联的 Activity 来完成,两个 Fragment 之间不应直接交互.

1.定义接口方法进行交互

在 Fragment 类中定义一个接口，并在 Activity 中实现。Fragment 在它的 onAttach() 方法生命周期中获取该接口的实现，然后调用接口的方法.Fragment在 生命周期onAttach() 获取接口实现方法,调用的接口方法和Activity进行交互.

举例:

public class HeadlinesFragment extends ListFragment {
    OnHeadlineSelectedListener mCallback;

    // Container Activity must implement this interface
    public interface OnHeadlineSelectedListener {
        public void onArticleSelected(int position);
    }

    @Override
    public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
        super.onAttach(activity);

        // This makes sure that the container activity has implemented
        // the callback interface. If not, it throws an exception
        try {
            mCallback = (OnHeadlineSelectedListener) activity;
        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
            throw new ClassCastException(activity.toString()
                    + " must implement OnHeadlineSelectedListener");
        }
    }

    ...
}

现在 Fragment 可以通过调用 mCallback（OnHeadlineSelectedListener 接口的实例）的 onArticleSelected() 方法（或者接口的方法其它方法）与 Activity 进行消息传递。

比如,当用户在frgment中点击一条item时候.Fragment回 调接口将事件传递给父 Activity。

 @Override
    public void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) {
        // Send the event to the host activity
        mCallback.onArticleSelected(position);
    }

实现接口

为了接收来自Fragment中的回调,其宿主Activity必须实现Fragment中的接口.

举例:

public static class MainActivity extends Activity
        implements HeadlinesFragment.OnHeadlineSelectedListener{
    ...

    public void onArticleSelected(int position) {
        // The user selected the headline of an article from the HeadlinesFragment
        // Do something here to display that article
    }
}

发送一条消息至Fragment

宿主Activity 能够发送信息至一个fragment,通过findFragmentById()方法获取Fragment的实例,然后直接调用frgment里面的公共方法向Fragment传递事件.

public static class MainActivity extends Activity
        implements HeadlinesFragment.OnHeadlineSelectedListener{
    ...

    public void onArticleSelected(int position) {
        // The user selected the headline of an article from the HeadlinesFragment
        // Do something here to display that article

        ArticleFragment articleFrag = (ArticleFragment)
                getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.article_fragment);

        if (articleFrag != null) {
            // If article frag is available, we're in two-pane layout...

            // Call a method in the ArticleFragment to update its content
            articleFrag.updateArticleView(position);
        } else {
            // Otherwise, we're in the one-pane layout and must swap frags...

            // Create fragment and give it an argument for the selected article
            ArticleFragment newFragment = new ArticleFragment();
            Bundle args = new Bundle();
            args.putInt(ArticleFragment.ARG_POSITION, position);
            newFragment.setArguments(args);

            FragmentTransaction transaction = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();

            // Replace whatever is in the fragment_container view with this fragment,
            // and add the transaction to the back stack so the user can navigate back
            transaction.replace(R.id.fragment_container, newFragment);
            transaction.addToBackStack(null);

            // Commit the transaction
            transaction.commit();
        }
    }
}