spring boot + Redis实现消息队列-生产消费者

实现思路：
Redis本身提供了一个发布/订阅模式，但生产消费者模式需要我们自己去实现。

利用Redis中的队列，将新消息放入名称为xx的队列末尾，完成消息生产者。
启动一个线程，使用​​brpop​​命令循环从xx队列取第一个元素，获得消息，调用注册的消费者执行业务逻辑。
redis 集成：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>

配置RedisTemplate

/**
 * redis配置
 *
 */
@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {


    /**
     * retemplate相关配置
     * @param factory
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {

        RedisTemplate<String, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
        // 配置连接工厂
        template.setConnectionFactory(factory);

        //使用Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer来序列化和反序列化redis的value值（默认使用JDK的序列化方式）
        Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jacksonSeial = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);

        ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
        // 指定要序列化的域，field,get和set,以及修饰符范围，ANY是都有包括private和public
        om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
        // 指定序列化输入的类型，类必须是非final修饰的，final修饰的类，比如String,Integer等会跑出异常
        om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
        jacksonSeial.setObjectMapper(om);

        // 值采用json序列化
        template.setValueSerializer(jacksonSeial);
        //使用StringRedisSerializer来序列化和反序列化redis的key值
        template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());

        // 设置hash key 和value序列化模式
        template.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
        template.setHashValueSerializer(jacksonSeial);
        template.afterPropertiesSet();

        return template;
    }

    /**
     * 对hash类型的数据操作
     *
     * @param redisTemplate
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public HashOperations<String, String, Object> hashOperations(RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate) {
        return redisTemplate.opsForHash();
    }

    /**
     * 对redis字符串类型数据操作
     *
     * @param redisTemplate
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public ValueOperations<String, Object> valueOperations(RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate) {
        return redisTemplate.opsForValue();
    }

    /**
     * 对链表类型的数据操作
     *
     * @param redisTemplate
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public ListOperations<String, Object> listOperations(RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate) {
        return redisTemplate.opsForList();
    }

    /**
     * 对无序集合类型的数据操作
     *
     * @param redisTemplate
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public SetOperations<String, Object> setOperations(RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate) {
        return redisTemplate.opsForSet();
    }

    /**
     * 对有序集合类型的数据操作
     *
     * @param redisTemplate
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public ZSetOperations<String, Object> zSetOperations(RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate) {
        return redisTemplate.opsForZSet();
    }

    /**
     * redis消息监听器容器
     * 可以添加多个监听不同话题的redis监听器，只需要把消息监听器和相应的消息订阅处理器绑定，该消息监听器
     * 通过反射技术调用消息订阅处理器的相关方法进行一些业务处理
     * @param connectionFactory
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    RedisMessageListenerContainer container(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory,
                                            MessageListenerAdapter webMessage) {
        RedisMessageListenerContainer container = new RedisMessageListenerContainer();
        container.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
        //订阅了一个叫chat的通道
        container.addMessageListener(webMessage, new PatternTopic("webMessage"));

        return container;
    }

    @Bean
    MessageListenerAdapter webMessage(MessageReceiver messageReceiver) {

        //给messageListenerAdapter 传入一个消息接受的处理器，利用反射的方法调用“receiveMessage”
        //不填defaultListenerMethod默认调用handleMessage
        return new MessageListenerAdapter(messageReceiver, "receiveMessage");
    }

    /**
     * 配置redis消息队列消费者容器
     *
     * @param redisTemplate redis
     * @return 消费者容器
     */
    @Autowired
    NormalMessageReceiver normalMessageReceiver;


    @Bean(initMethod = "init", destroyMethod = "destroy")
    public RedisMqConsumerContainer redisMqConsumerContainer(RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate) {
        RedisMqConsumerContainer config = new RedisMqConsumerContainer(redisTemplate);
        config.addConsumer(QueueConfiguration.builder()
                .queue("normalMessage")
                .consumer(normalMessageReceiver)
                .build());

        return config;
    }

消息-生产者

public class QueueSender {
    private RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate;

    public QueueSender(RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate) {
        this.redisTemplate = redisTemplate;
    }

    public void sendMsg(String queue, Object msg) {
        redisTemplate.opsForList().leftPush(queue, msg);

    }
}

消息-消费者
 消费接口类

public interface MsgConsumer {
    void onMessage(Object message);

    void onError(Object msg, Exception e);
}

消息监听类

class QueueListener implements Runnable {
    public static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(QueueListener.class);
    private RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate;
    private String queue;
    private MsgConsumer consumer;

    public QueueListener(RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate, String queue, MsgConsumer consumer) {
        this.redisTemplate = redisTemplate;
        this.queue = queue;
        this.consumer = consumer;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        log.info("QueueListener start...queue:{}", queue);
        while (RedisMqConsumerContainer.run) {
            try {
                Object msg = redisTemplate.opsForList().rightPop(queue, 30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
                if (msg != null) {
                    try {
                        consumer.onMessage(msg);
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        consumer.onError(msg, e);
                    }
                }
            } catch (QueryTimeoutException ignored) {
            } catch (Exception e) {
                if (RedisMqConsumerContainer.run) {
                    log.error("Queue:{}", queue, e);
                } else {
                    log.info("QueueListener exits...queue:{}", queue);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

消息-消费者容器
配置类

public class QueueConfiguration {
    /**
     * 队列名称
     */
    private String queue;
    /**
     * 消费者
     */
    private MsgConsumer consumer;

    private QueueConfiguration() {
    }

    public static Builder builder() {
        return new Builder();
    }

    String getQueue() {
        return queue;
    }

    MsgConsumer getConsumer() {
        return consumer;
    }

    public static class Builder {
        private QueueConfiguration configuration = new QueueConfiguration();

        public QueueConfiguration defaultConfiguration(MsgConsumer consumer) {
            configuration.consumer = consumer;
            configuration.queue = consumer.getClass().getSimpleName();
            return configuration;
        }

        public Builder queue(String queue) {
            configuration.queue = queue;
            return this;
        }

        public Builder consumer(MsgConsumer consumer) {
            configuration.consumer = consumer;
            return this;
        }

        public QueueConfiguration build() {
            if (configuration.queue == null || configuration.queue.length() == 0) {
                if (configuration.consumer != null) {
                    configuration.queue = configuration.getClass().getSimpleName();
                }
            }
            return configuration;
        }

    }
}

消息--消费者容器

public class RedisMqConsumerContainer {
    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RedisMqConsumerContainer.class);
    private Map<String, QueueConfiguration> consumerMap = new HashMap<>();
    private RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate;
    static boolean run;
    private ExecutorService exec;

    public RedisMqConsumerContainer(RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate) {
        this.redisTemplate = redisTemplate;
    }

    public void addConsumer(QueueConfiguration configuration) {
        if (consumerMap.containsKey(configuration.getQueue())) {
            log.warn("Key:{} this key already exists, and it will be replaced", configuration.getQueue());
        }
        if (configuration.getConsumer() == null) {
            log.warn("Key:{} consumer cannot be null, this configuration will be skipped", configuration.getQueue());
        }
        consumerMap.put(configuration.getQueue(), configuration);
    }

    public void destroy() {
        run = false;
        this.exec.shutdown();
        log.info("QueueListener exiting.");
        while (!this.exec.isTerminated()) {

        }
        log.info("QueueListener exited.");
    }

    public void init() {
        run = true;
        this.exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(r -> {
            final AtomicInteger threadNumber = new AtomicInteger(1);
            return new Thread(r, "RedisMQListener-" + threadNumber.getAndIncrement());
        });
        consumerMap = Collections.unmodifiableMap(consumerMap);
        consumerMap.forEach((k, v) -> exec.submit(new QueueListener(redisTemplate, v.getQueue(), v.getConsumer())));
    }

}

配置消费者

public class NormalMessageReceiver implements MsgConsumer {
    private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestListener.class);

    @Override
    public void onMessage(Object message) {
        log.info("收到消息:" + message);
        
    }

    @Override
    public void onError(Object msg, Exception e) {
        log.error("发生错误,消息:{}", msg, e);
    }
}

测试代码如下：

//开启定时器功能
@EnableScheduling
@Component
public class MessageSender {

    @Autowired
    private QueueSender queueSender;

    @Scheduled(fixedDelay = 5000)
    public void sendMessageXXX() {
        //stringRedisTemplate.convertAndSend("chat1", String.valueOf(Math.random()));
        //producer.publishMessageXXX("队列消息1xxxxx"+System.currentTimeMillis());

        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            queueSender.sendMsg("TEST0","hello quit~~~~,序号:"+i);
            queueSender.sendMsg("TEST1","hello quit~~~~,序号:"+i);
            queueSender.sendMsg("TEST2","hello quit~~~~,序号:"+i);
        }

    }
}

上述代码，有些来源与网络，在下只是在这里做个记忆。我进行删除操作。

redis 作为消息中间件只是在小系统中可以稍微用一下，如果对系统要求高的请使用真正的消息中间件。RabbitMQ和RocketMQ