转载: http://hi.baidu.com/122439049/blog/item/0c9c48131b2734d5f7039e13.html
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY COL1 ORDER BY COL2) 表示根据COL1分组,在分组内部根据 COL2排序,
而此函数计算的值就表示每组内部排序后的顺序编号(组内连续的唯一的)
ROW_NUMBER()与ROWNUM的区别在于:使用ROWNUM进行排序的时候是先对结果集加入伪列ROWNUM然后再进行排序,而此函数在包含排序从句后是先排序再计算行号码;
ROW_NUMBER()和ROWNUM差不多,功能更强一点(可以在各个分组内从1开时排序);
RANK()是跳跃排序,有两个第二名时接下来就是第四名(同样是在各个分组内);
DENSE_RANK()是连续排序,有两个第二名时仍然跟着第三名。相比之下ROW_NUMBER()排名是没有重复值的 ;
LAG(arg1,arg2,arg3):
arg1是从其他行返回的表达式 ;
arg2是希望检索的当前行分区的偏移量。是一个正的偏移量,时一个往回检索以前的行的数目;
arg3是在arg2表示的数目超出了分组的范围时返回的值;
LEAD(value_expr [,offset][,default])
value_expr 值表达式,通常是字段,也可是是表达式。value_expr本身不支持分析函数,也就是lead不支持多层调用。
offset 偏移,应该是很熟悉的数学概念了,或者是相对偏移,表格来开当前行的第offset行,如果offset是整数就表示是顺序下的前第n行,如果是负数就是往后第n行。 如果不提供这个参数,就是默认为1.
default 默认值,如果没有找到,应该返回什么值的意思,有点类似nvl(col,value)。如果没有设置,且找不到,那么就返回Null
语句一:按照sale/cnt 排序
select
row_number() over(order by sale/cnt desc) as sort, sale/cnt
from (
select -60 as sale,3 as cnt from dual
union
select 24 as sale,6 as cnt from dual
union
select 50 as sale,5 as cnt from dual
union
select -20 as sale,2 as cnt from dual
union
select 40 as sale,8 as cnt from dual
);
执行结果:
1 1 10
2 2 5
3 3 4
4 4 -10
5 5 -20
语句二:查询员工的工资,按部门排名
select
ename,sal,row_number() over (partition by deptno order by sal desc) as sal_order
from scott.emp;
执行结果:
1 KING 5000.00 1
2 CLARK 2450.00 2
3 MILLER 1300.00 3
4 SCOTT 3000.00 1
5 FORD 3000.00 2
6 JONES 2975.00 3
7 ADAMS 1100.00 4
8 SMITH 800.00 5
9 BLAKE 2850.00 1
10 ALLEN 1600.00 2
11 TURNER 1500.00 3
12 WARD 1250.00 4
13 MARTIN 1250.00 5
14 JAMES 950.00 6
语句三:查询每个部门的最高工资
select * from
(
select empno, ename, sal, deptno, row_number() over(partition by deptno order by sal) as sal_order
from scott.emp t
) tb
where tb.sal_order < 2;
执行结果:
1 7934 MILLER 1300.00 10 12 7369 SMITH 800.00 20 1
3 7900 JAMES 950.00 30 1
语句四:按照部门销售总额排名
select t.ename, t.empno, t.deptno, t.sal,
rank() over (partition by deptno order by sal) as rank_order
from scott.emp t order by deptno;
执行结果:
1 MILLER 7934 10 1300.00 1
2 CLARK 7782 10 2450.00 2
3 KING 7839 10 5000.00 3
4 SMITH 7369 20 800.00 1
5 ADAMS 7876 20 1100.00 2
6 JONES 7566 20 2975.00 3
7 SCOTT 7788 20 3000.00 4
8 FORD 7902 20 3000.00 4
9 JAMES 7900 30 950.00 1
10 WARD 7521 30 1250.00 2
11 MARTIN 7654 30 1250.00 2
12 TURNER 7844 30 1500.00 4
13 ALLEN 7499 30 1600.00 5
14 BLAKE 7698 30 2850.00 6
语句五:DENSE_RANK()
select t.ename, t.empno, t.deptno, t.sal,
dense_rank() over(partition by deptno order by sal) as dense_rank_order
from scott.emp t
where deptno=20
order by deptno;
执行结果:
1 SMITH 7369 20 800.00 1
2 ADAMS 7876 20 1100.00 2
3 JONES 7566 20 2975.00 3
4 SCOTT 7788 20 3000.00 4
5 FORD 7902 20 3000.00 4
语句六:LAG() OVER()
select deptno,ename,sal,
lag(ename,1,'部门销售额第一名') over(partition by deptno order by sal desc) as commnet
from scott.emp order by deptno;
执行结果:
1 10 KING 5000.00 部门销售额第一名
2 10 CLARK2450.00KING
3 10 MILLER1300.00CLARK
4 20 SCOTT3000.00部门销售额第一名
5 20 FORD3000.00SCOTT
6 20 JONES2975.00FORD
7 20 ADAMS1100.00JONES
8 20 SMITH800.00ADAMS
9 30 BLAKE2850.00部门销售额第一名
10 30 ALLEN1600.00BLAKE
11 30 TURNER1500.00ALLEN
12 30 WARD1250.00TURNER
13 30 MARTIN1250.00WARD
14 30 JAMES950.00MARTIN
语句七:LEAD() OVER()
select deptno, ename, sal
,lead(ename, 2, '部门销售排名后两名') over(partition by deptno order by sal desc) as comments
,row_number() over(partition by deptno order by sal desc) as order_dept_sal
from scott.emp
10 KING 5000.00 MILLER 1
10 CLARK 2450.00 部门销售排名后两名 2
10 MILLER 1300.00 部门销售排名后两名 3
20 SCOTT 3000.00 JONES 1
20 FORD 3000.00 ADAMS 2
20 JONES 2975.00 SMITH 3
20 ADAMS 1100.00 部门销售排名后两名 4
20 SMITH 800.00 部门销售排名后两名 5
30 BLAKE 2850.00 TURNER 1
30 ALLEN 1600.00 WARD 2
30 TURNER 1500.00 MARTIN 3
30 WARD 1250.00 JAMES 4
30 MARTIN 1250.00 部门销售排名后两名 5
30 JAMES 950.00 部门销售排名后两名 6
语句八:ROW_NUMBER() OVER() 分页查询
select * from
(
select t.*, row_number() over(order by empno) pageNum
from scott.emp t
) tb
where tb.pageNum between 5 and 10;
执行结果:
1 7654 MARTIN SALESMAN76981981/9/281250.001400.00305
2 7698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 1981/5/1 2850.00 30 6
3 7782 CLARK MANAGER 7839 1981/6/9 2450.00 10 7
4 7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 1987/4/193000.00208
5 7839 KING PRESIDENT1981/11/175000.00109
6 7844 TURNER SALESMAN76981981/9/81500.000.003010