Tomcat的WebappClassLoader(web应用类加载器)详解(一)

Tomcat负责Web应用的类加载的是org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader，它有几个比较重要的方法： findClass(),loadClass(),findClassInternal(),findResourceInternal().

 

   WebappClassLoader类加载器被用来加载一个类的时候，loadClass()会被调用，loadClass()则调用findClass()。后两个方法是WebappClassLoader的私有方法，findClass()调用findClassInternal()来创建class对象，而findClassInternal()则需要findResourceInternal()来查找.class文件。

 

通常自己实现类记载器只要实现findclass即可，这里为了实现特殊目的而override了loadClass().

 

下面是精简过的代码（去除了几乎全部关于log、异常和安全控制的代码）：

 

loadClass:

publicClass loadClass(Stringname, boolean resolve)             throwsClassNotFoundException{         Classclazz = null;         //(0) 先从自己的缓存中查找，有则返回，无则继续         clazz= findLoadedClass0(name);         if(clazz !=null) {             if(resolve) resolveClass(clazz);                         return(clazz);         }         //(0.1) 再从parent的缓存中查找         clazz= findLoadedClass(name);         if(clazz !=null) {             if(resolve) resolveClass(clazz);             return(clazz);         }         //(0.2) 缓存中没有，则首先使用system类加载器来加载        clazz =system.loadClass(name);         if (clazz !=null) {              if(resolve) resolveClass(clazz);              return(clazz);         }         //判断是否需要先让parent代理         booleandelegateLoad = delegate ||filter(name);         //(1) 先让parent加载，通常delegateLoad ==false，即这一步不会执行         if(delegateLoad) {             ClassLoaderloader = parent;             if(loader ==null)                 loader= system;             clazz= loader.loadClass(name);             if(clazz !=null) {                 if(resolve) resolveClass(clazz);                 return(clazz);             }         }         //(2) delegateLoad == false 或者 parent加载失败，调用自身的加载机制         clazz= findClass(name);         if(clazz !=null) {             if(resolve) resolveClass(clazz);             return(clazz);         }         //(3) 自己加载失败，则请求parent代理加载         if(!delegateLoad) {             ClassLoaderloader = parent;             if(loader ==null)                 loader= system;             clazz= loader.loadClass(name);             if(clazz !=null) {                 return(clazz);             }         }         thrownew ClassNotFoundException(name);     }

 

 

findClass:

 

public Class findClass(Stringname) throws ClassNotFoundException {         //先试图自己加载类，找不到则请求parent来加载         //注意这点和java默认的双亲委托模式不同         Classclazz = null;         clazz= findClassInternal(name);         if((clazz ==null) &&hasExternalRepositories){             synchronized(this){                 clazz= super.findClass(name);             }         }         if(clazz ==null) {             thrownew ClassNotFoundException(name);         }         return(clazz);     }

 

findClassInternal:

 

protected Class findClassInternal(Stringname)         throwsClassNotFoundException{         if(!validate(name))             thrownew ClassNotFoundException(name);         //根据类名查找资源         StringtempPath = name.replace('.','/');         StringclassPath = tempPath+ ".class";         ResourceEntryentry = null;         entry=findResourceInternal(name,classPath);         if(entry ==null)             thrownew ClassNotFoundException(name);         //如果以前已经加载成功过这个类，直接返回         Classclazz = entry.loadedClass;         if(clazz !=null)             returnclazz;         //以下根据找到的资源(.class文件)进行:1、定义package;2、对package安全检查;3、定义class，即创建class对象         synchronized(this){             if(entry.binaryContent ==null && entry.loadedClass ==null)                 thrownew ClassNotFoundException(name);             //Looking up the package             StringpackageName = null;             intpos = name.lastIndexOf('.');             if(pos !=-1)                 packageName= name.substring(0,pos);             Packagepkg = null;             if(packageName !=null) {                 pkg= getPackage(packageName);                 //Define the package (if null)                 if(pkg ==null) {                     //定义package的操作，此处省略，具体参看源码                      pkg= getPackage(packageName);                 }             }             if(securityManager !=null) {                 //安全检查操作，此处省略，具体参看源码              }             //创建class对象并返回             if(entry.loadedClass ==null) {                 try{                     clazz= defineClass(name,entry.binaryContent, 0,                             entry.binaryContent.length,                             newCodeSource(entry.codeBase, entry.certificates));                 }catch (UnsupportedClassVersionErrorucve) {                     thrownew UnsupportedClassVersionError(                             ucve.getLocalizedMessage()+ " " +                             sm.getString("webappClassLoader.wrongVersion",                                     name));                 }                 entry.loadedClass= clazz;                 entry.binaryContent= null;                 entry.source= null;                 entry.codeBase= null;                 entry.manifest= null;                 entry.certificates= null;             }else {                 clazz= entry.loadedClass;             }         }         returnclazz;     }

 

 

findResouceInternal():

//要先加载相关实体资源(.jar) 再加载查找的资源本身

 

protected ResourceEntry findResourceInternal(String name, Stringpath) {

 

//先根据类名从缓存中查找对应资源 ，有则直接返回

ResourceEntry entry = (ResourceEntry)resourceEntries.get(name);

if (entry != null) return entry; int contentLength = -1;

 

//资源二进制数据长度

InputStream binaryStream = null;

//资源二进制输入流

int jarFilesLength = jarFiles.length;

//classpath中的jar包个数

int repositoriesLength = repositories.length;

//仓库数(classpath每一段称为repository仓库)

int i; Resource resource = null;

//加载的资源实体

boolean fileNeedConvert = false;

//对每个仓库迭代，直接找到相应的entry，如果查找的资源是一个独立的文件，在这个代码块可以查找到相应资源，

//如果是包含在jar包中的类，这段代码并不能找出其对应的资源

for (i = 0; (entry == null) &&(i < repositoriesLength); i++) {

  try {

        String fullPath = repositories[i] + path;

       //仓库路径 加资源路径得到全路径

       Object lookupResult = resources.lookup(fullPath);

      //从资源库中查找资源

       if (lookupResult instanceof Resource) {

              resource = (Resource) lookupResult;

        }

       //到这里没有抛出异常，说明资源已经找到，现在构造entry对象

       if (securityManager != null) {

             PrivilegedAction dp = new PrivilegedFindResource(files[i],path);

            entry = (ResourceEntry)AccessController.doPrivileged(dp);

       } else {

            entry = findResourceInternal(files[i], path);

           //这个方式只是构造entry并给其codebase和source赋值

        }

         //获取资源长度和最后修改时间

        ResourceAttributesattributes = (ResourceAttributes)resources.getAttributes(fullPath);

       contentLength = (int) attributes.getContentLength();

        entry.lastModified= attributes.getLastModified();

        //资源找到，将二进制输入流赋给binaryStream

        if (resource != null) {

              try {

                     binaryStream = resource.streamContent();

              } catch (IOException e) {

                      return null;

              }

         //将资源的最后修改时间加到列表中去，代码略去，参加源码

        }

    } catch (NamingException e) { }

}

if ((entry == null) &&(notFoundResources.containsKey(name)))

       return null;

 

//开始从jar包中查找

  JarEntry jarEntry =null;

 

synchronized (jarFiles) {

    if (!openJARs()) { return null; }

     for(i = 0; (entry == null) && (i< jarFilesLength); i++) {

         jarEntry = jarFiles[i].getJarEntry(path);

         //根据路径从jar包中查找资源

         //如果jar包中找到资源，则定义entry并将二进制流等数据赋给entry，同时将jar包解压到workdir.

     if(jarEntry != null) {

          entry = new ResourceEntry();

           try {

               entry.codeBase = getURL(jarRealFiles[i], false);

                StringjarFakeUrl = getURI(jarRealFiles[i]).toString();

               jarFakeUrl = "jar:" + jarFakeUrl + "!/" + path;

                entry.source= new URL(jarFakeUrl);

                entry.lastModified= jarRealFiles[i].lastModified();

            } catch (MalformedURLException e) {

                 return null;

             }

           contentLength = (int) jarEntry.getSize();

           try {

                 entry.manifest = jarFiles[i].getManifest();

                  binaryStream= jarFiles[i].getInputStream(jarEntry);

             }catch (IOException e) { return null; }

 

         if (antiJARLocking &&!(path.endsWith(".class"))) {

          //解压jar包代码，参见源码 }

       }

     }

    if (entry == null) { synchronized (notFoundResources) {notFoundResources.put(name, name); } return null; } //从二进制流将资源内容读出if (binaryStream != null) { byte[] binaryContent = newbyte[contentLength]; //读二进制流的代码，这里省去，参见源码 entry.binaryContent =binaryContent; } } // 将资源加到缓存中 synchronized (resourceEntries) {ResourceEntry entry2 = (ResourceEntry) resourceEntries.get(name);if (entry2 == null) { resourceEntries.put(name, entry); } else {entry = entry2; } } return entry; }