默认情况下注册到eureka server的服务是通过心跳来告知自己是UP还是DOWN,并不是通过spring-boot-actuator模块的/health端点来实现的,这样其实不是很合理。
默认的心跳实现方式可以有效的检查eureka客户端进程是否正常运作,但是无法保证客户端应用能够正常提供服务。由于大多数微服务应用都会有一些其他的外部资源依赖,比如数据库,REDIS缓存等,如果我们的应用与这些外部资源无法连通的时候,实际上已经不能提供正常的对外服务了,但因为客户端心跳依然在运行,所以它还是会被服务消费者调用,而这样的调用实际上并不能获得预期的后果。
我们可以通过在eureka客户端中配置:eureka.client.healthcheck.enabled=true,就可以改变eureka server对客户端健康检测的方式,改用actuator的/health端点来检测。
我们在前面的ribbon consumer样例工程中添加一个自定义的HealthIndicator:
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package com.example.eurekaclientconsumerribbon.health;
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import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.Health;
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import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.HealthIndicator;
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import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
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@Component
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public class MyHealthChecker implements HealthIndicator {
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private boolean up = true;
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@Override
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public Health health() {
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if (up) {
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return new Health.Builder().withDetail("aaa_cnt", 10) //自定义监控内容
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.withDetail("bbb_status", "up").up().build();
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} else {
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return new Health.Builder().withDetail("error", "client is down").down().build();
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}
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}
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public boolean isUp() {
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return up;
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}
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public void setUp(boolean up) {
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this.up = up;
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}
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}
里面有一个成员变量up,用来控制是否监控,下面我们会在请求中改变这个变量的值来模拟健康状态UP->DOWN
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package com.example.eurekaclientconsumerribbon.controller;
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import com.example.eurekaclientconsumerribbon.health.MyHealthChecker;
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import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
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@RestController
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public class UpController {
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@Autowired
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MyHealthChecker myHealthChecker;
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@RequestMapping("/up")
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public String up(@RequestParam("up") Boolean up) {
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myHealthChecker.setUp(up);
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return up.toString();
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}
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}
application.yml:
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spring:
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application:
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name: eureka-client-consumer-ribbon
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management:
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security:
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enabled: false
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---
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spring:
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profiles: peer1
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server:
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port: 8200
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eureka:
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client:
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serviceUrl:
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defaultZone: http://peer1:8001/eureka/,http://peer2:8002/eureka/
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healthcheck:
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enabled: true #使用health端点来代替心跳表明服务是否可用,反应到eureka server ui上服务的UP还是DOWN
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instance:
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hostname: peer1
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# instanceId: ${spring.application.name}:${vcap.application.instance_id:${spring.application.instance_id:${random.value}}}
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---
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spring:
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profiles: peer2
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server:
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port: 8201
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eureka:
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client:
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serviceUrl:
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defaultZone: http://peer1:8001/eureka/,http://peer2:8002/eureka/
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instance:
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hostname: peer2
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# instanceId: ${spring.application.name}:${vcap.application.instance_id:${spring.application.instance_id:${random.value}}}
主要看配置里面设置了eureka.client.healthcheck.enabled=true,这个配置属性在IDEA里面不会自动提示,我一度怀疑写错了,试过确实有效的改变了检测方式。
启动类:
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package com.example.eurekaclientconsumerribbon;
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import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
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import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
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import org.springframework.cloud.client.circuitbreaker.EnableCircuitBreaker;
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import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
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import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
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import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.dashboard.EnableHystrixDashboard;
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import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
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import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
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@SpringBootApplication
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@EnableEurekaClient
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@EnableCircuitBreaker
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@EnableHystrixDashboard
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public class EurekaClientConsumerRibbonApplication {
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@LoadBalanced
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@Bean
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RestTemplate restTemplate() {
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return new RestTemplate();
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}
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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SpringApplication.run(EurekaClientConsumerRibbonApplication.class, args);
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}
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}
pom:
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
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xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
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<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
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<groupId>com.example</groupId>
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<artifactId>eureka-client-consumer-ribbon</artifactId>
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<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
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<packaging>jar</packaging>
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<name>eureka-client-consumer-ribbon</name>
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<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
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<parent>
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<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
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<version>1.5.6.RELEASE</version>
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<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
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</parent>
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<properties>
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<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
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<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
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<java.version>1.8</java.version>
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<spring-cloud.version>Dalston.SR3</spring-cloud.version>
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</properties>
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<dependencies>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.jolokia</groupId>
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<artifactId>jolokia-core</artifactId>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
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<scope>test</scope>
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</dependency>
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</dependencies>
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<dependencyManagement>
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<dependencies>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
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<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
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<type>pom</type>
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<scope>import</scope>
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</dependency>
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</dependencies>
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</dependencyManagement>
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<build>
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<plugins>
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<plugin>
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<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
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<executions>
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<execution>
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<goals>
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<goal>build-info</goal>
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</goals>
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</execution>
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</executions>
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</plugin>
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</plugins>
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</build>
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</project>
启动该服务将会注册到eureka server中去,此时显示的应该是UP
然后我们调用一下服务:http://localhost:8200/up?up=false,将此时查看http://localhost:8200/health,整个应用的health状态变成DOWN了:
注册中心的服务状态也将变为DOWN:
我们可以试一下把application.yml中eureka.client.healthcheck.enabled=true这段配置去掉重新启动服务,然后调用服务将health变为DOWN,但是注册中心中仍然会显示该服务的status为UP!