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0. #include <stdio.h> 1. #include <time.h> 2. #include <ctype.h> 3. #include <stdlib.h> 4. 5. #define BELL '\a' 6. #define DEALER 0 7. #define PLAYER 1 8. 9. #define ACELOW 0 10. #define ACEHIGH 1 11. 12. int askedForName = 0; 13. 14. 15. void dispTitle(void); 16. void initCardsScreen(int cards[52],int playerPoints[2], 17. int dealerPoints[2], int total[2], 18. int *numCards); 19. int dealCard(int * numCards,int cards[52]); 20. void dispCard(int cardDrawn,int points[2]); 21. void totalIt(int points[2],int tatal[2],int who); 22. void dealerGetsCard(int *numCards,int cards[52], 23. int dealerPoints[2]); 24. void playerGetsCard(int *numCards,int cards[52], 25. int playerPoints[2]); 26. char getAns(char mesg[]); 27. void findWinner(int total[2]); 28. 29. main() 30. { 31. int numCards; 32. int cards[52],playerPoints[2],dealerPoints[2],total[2]; 33. char ans; 34. 35. do 36. { 37. initCardsScreen(cards,playerPoints,dealerPoints,total, &numCards); 38. dealerGetsCard(&numCards,cards, dealerPoints); 39. printf("\n"); 40. playerGetsCard(&numCards,cards,playerPoints); 41. playerGetsCard(&numCards,cards,playerPoints); 42. do 43. { 44. ans = getAns("Hit or stand (H/S)?"); 45. if ( ans == 'H' ) 46. { 47. playerGetsCard(&numCards,cards,playerPoints); 48. } 49. } 50. while( ans != 'S' ); 51. 52. totalIt(playerPoints,total,PLAYER); 53. do 54. { 55. dealerGetsCard(&numCards,cards,dealerPoints); 56. } 57. while (dealerPoints[ACEHIGH] < 17 ); 58. 59. totalIt(dealerPoints,total,DEALER); 60. findWinner(total); 61. 62. ans = getAns("\nPlay again(Y/N)?"); 63. } 64. while(ans=='Y'); 65. 66. return 0; 67. } 68. 69. void initCardsScreen( int cards[52],int playerPoints[2], 70. int dealerPoints[2], int total[2], 71. int *numCards ) 72. { 73. int sub,val = 1 ; 74. char firstName[15]; 75. *numCards=52; 76. 77. for(sub=0;sub<=51;sub++) 78. { 79. val = (val == 14) ? 1 : val; 80. cards[sub] = val; 81. val++; 82. } 83. 84. for(sub=0;sub<=1;sub++) 85. { 86. playerPoints[sub]=dealerPoints[sub]=total[sub]=0; 87. } 88. dispTitle(); 89. 90. if (askedForName==0) 91. { 92. printf("What is your first name?"); 93. scanf(" %s",firstName); 94. askedForName=1; 95. printf("Ok, %s,get ready for casino action!\n\n",firstName); 96. getchar(); 97. } 98. return; 99. } 100. 101. void playerGetsCard(int *numCards,int cards[52],int playerPoints[2]) 102. { 103. int newCard; 104. newCard = dealCard(numCards, cards); 105. printf("You draw:"); 106. dispCard(newCard,playerPoints); 107. } 108. 109. 110. void dealerGetsCard(int *numCards,int cards[52],int dealerPoints[2]) 111. { 112. int newCard; 113. newCard = dealCard(numCards,cards); 114. printf("The dealer draws:"); 115. dispCard(newCard,dealerPoints); 116. } 117. 118. int dealCard(int * numCards,int cards[52]) 119. { 120. int cardDrawn,subDraw; 121. time_t t; 122. srand(time(&t)); 123. subDraw = (rand()%(*numCards)); 124. cardDrawn = cards[subDraw]; 125. cards[subDraw] = cards[*numCards -1]; 126. (*numCards)--; 127. return cardDrawn; 128. } 129. 130. void dispCard(int cardDrawn, int points[2]) 131. { 132. switch(cardDrawn) 133. { 134. case(11): printf("%s\n","Jack"); 135. points[ACELOW] += 10; 136. points[ACEHIGH] += 10; 137. break; 138. case(12): printf("%s\n","Queen"); 139. points[ACELOW] += 10; 140. points[ACEHIGH] += 10; 141. break; 142. case(13): printf("%s\n","King"); 143. points[ACELOW] += 10; 144. points[ACEHIGH] += 10; 145. break; 146. default : points[ACELOW] += cardDrawn; 147. if(cardDrawn==1) 148. { 149. printf("%s\n","Ace"); 150. points[ACEHIGH]+= 11; 151. } 152. else 153. { 154. points[ACEHIGH]+=cardDrawn; 155. printf("%d\n",cardDrawn); 156. } 157. } 158. return ; 159. } 160. 161. void totalIt(int points[2],int total[2],int who) 162. { 163. if ( (points[ACELOW] == points[ACEHIGH]) 164. ||(points[ACEHIGH] < 21 )) 165. { 166. total[who] = points[ACELOW]; 167. } 168. else 169. { 170. total[who] = points[ACEHIGH]; 171. } 172. 173. if (who == PLAYER ) 174. { 175. printf("You have a total of %d\n\n", total[PLAYER]); 176. } 177. else 178. { 179. printf("The house stands with a total of %d\n\n", 180. total[DEALER]); 181. } 182. return; 183. } 184. 185. void findWinner(int total[2]) 186. { 187. if ( total[DEALER] == 21 ) 188. { 189. printf("The house wins.\n"); 190. return ; 191. } 192. if ( (total[DEALER] > 21) && (total[PLAYER] > 21) ) 193. { 194. printf("%s", "Nobody wins.\n"); 195. return ; 196. } 197. if ((total[DEALER] >= total[PLAYER])&& (total[DEALER] < 21)) 198. { 199. printf("The house wins.\n"); 200. return ; 201. } 202. printf("%s%c","You win!\n",BELL); 203. return; 204. } 205. 206. char getAns(char mesg[]) 207. { 208. char ans; 209. printf("%s", mesg); 210. ans = getchar(); 211. getchar(); 212. return toupper(ans); 213. } 214. 215. void dispTitle(void) 216. { 217. int i = 0 ; 218. while(i<25) 219. { 220. printf("\n"); 221. i++; 222. } 223. printf("\n\n*Step right up to the Blackjack tables*\n\n"); 224. return ; 225. }
29. main() 30. { 31. int numCards; 32. int cards[52],playerPoints[2],dealerPoints[2],total[2]; 33. char ans; 34. 35. do 36. { 37. initCardsScreen(cards,playerPoints,dealerPoints,total, &numCards); 38. dealerGetsCard(&numCards,cards, dealerPoints); 39. printf("\n"); 40. playerGetsCard(&numCards,cards,playerPoints); 41. playerGetsCard(&numCards,cards,playerPoints); 42. do 43. { 44. ans = getAns("Hit or stand (H/S)?"); 45. if ( ans == 'H' ) 46. { 47. playerGetsCard(&numCards,cards,playerPoints); 48. } 49. } 50. while( ans != 'S' ); 51. 52. totalIt(playerPoints,total,PLAYER); 53. do 54. { 55. dealerGetsCard(&numCards,cards,dealerPoints); 56. } 57. while (dealerPoints[ACEHIGH] < 17 ); 58. 59. totalIt(dealerPoints,total,DEALER); 60. findWinner(total); 61. 62. ans = getAns("\nPlay again(Y/N)?"); 63. } 64. while(ans=='Y'); 65. 66. return 0; 67. }
现在回到main()继续代码走查。
38. dealerGetsCard(&numCards,cards, dealerPoints);
这句话的意图是实现计算机(作为dealer)抽一张牌,并且这张牌的点数两个游戏者能看得见。其函数类型声明为:
22. void dealerGetsCard(int *numCards,int cards[52], 23. int dealerPoints[2]);
这个函数类型声明写得同样很不地道,原因前面提到过,这里不再复述。应该把它改为:
void dealerGetsCard ( int *numCards , int cards[] , int dealerPoints[] );
该函数的函数定义为:
110. void dealerGetsCard(int *numCards,int cards[52],int dealerPoints[2]) 111. { 112. int newCard; 113. newCard = dealCard(numCards,cards); 114. printf("The dealer draws:"); 115. dispCard(newCard,dealerPoints); 116. }
有不少初学者不定义几个根本没必要的变量就不会写代码,这个函数犯的也是这种幼稚病。
newCard这个变量明显多余。此外函数的头部也需要修改。形参numCards名字的毛病这里暂时就不改了:
void dealerGetsCard(int *numCards,int cards[],int dealerPoints[]) { printf("The dealer draws:"); dispCard ( dealCard( numCards , cards ) , dealerPoints ) ; }
这里又涉及到了dealCard()函数和dispCard(),先来看dealCard()函数。
19. int dealCard(int * numCards,int cards[52]); 118. int dealCard(int * numCards,int cards[52]) 119. { 120. int cardDrawn,subDraw; 121. time_t t; 122. srand(time(&t)); 123. subDraw = (rand()%(*numCards)); /* From 0 to numcards */ 124. cardDrawn = cards[subDraw]; 125. cards[subDraw] = cards[*numCards -1]; 126. (*numCards)--; 127. return cardDrawn; 128. }
函数原型方面的问题这里就不再提了。
这个函数中有这样两层意思,首先在剩下的牌(共* numcards 张)中随机确定一张牌(第subDraw张),然后再模拟把这张牌从整副牌中抽走(cards[subDraw] = cards[*numCards -1]; (*numCards)--;)。
这个函数有这样一些错误和毛病:
121. time_t t;
这个变量定义是毫无意义的,后面进一步说明。
122. srand(time(&t));
此函数调用的目的是设置伪随机数的种子(Seed),其中有两个错误:
第一,&t作为实参是毫无必要的。因为这里只需要time()函数的返回值,而不需要通过变量t保存并带回时间的值。这时的代码应该这样写
srand( time ( NULL ) );
第二个错误是,需要得到伪随机数列时,只需要在最初设置一次种子,而不是反复设置种子。也就是说这个srand()只需要在每次游戏的初期调用一次,以后则毋庸再调用。那么,很显然,这个函数调用绝对不应该出现在dealCard()这个函数中,而应该出现在main()函数的do-while语句之中,如下面所示。
int main(void)
{
/*……*/
do{
srand( time ( NULL ) );
/*21点游戏*/
}
while( getAns("\nPlay again(Y/N)?") == 'Y' ); /*询问是否继续*/
return 0;
}
dealCard()函数中的
123. subDraw = ( rand() % (*numCards) ); /* From 0 to numcards */
代码本身没有问题,但注释是错误的。作者忘记了numcards在这个函数中是一个指针,而且rand() % (*numCards) 所能得到的值只可能在 0 ~ (*numCards)-1 这个范围。
这个函数的返回值即为抽到的牌的点数,这个点数作为实参调用dispCard ()函数。即
dispCard ( dealCard( numCards , cards ) , dealerPoints ) ;
//原115. dispCard(newCard,dealerPoints);
(未完待续)