SocketChannel 使用open或connect/finishConnect

首先给出一个通用的服务端代码：

package NonBlocking;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.util.Iterator;

public class TestOpenAndConnectServer {
    static ServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel = null;
    static Selector selector = null;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        serverSocketChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
        serverSocketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
        serverSocketChannel.bind(new InetSocketAddress(8888));

        selector = Selector.open();
        serverSocketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);

        int result = 0; int i = 1;
        while ((result = selector.select()) > 0) {
            System.out.println(String.format("selector %dth loop, ready event number is %d", i++, result));
            Iterator<SelectionKey> iterator = selector.selectedKeys().iterator();
            while(iterator.hasNext()){
                SelectionKey sk = iterator.next();

                if (sk.isAcceptable()) {
                    ServerSocketChannel ss = (ServerSocketChannel)sk.channel();
                    SocketChannel socketChannel = ss.accept();
                    socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);  //也切换非阻塞
                    socketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);  //注册read事件
                	System.out.println("接受到新的客户端连接");
                } else if (sk.isReadable()) {
                    System.out.println("有数据可读");
                }

                iterator.remove();
            }
        }
    }
}

使用connect效果

使用connect的客户端代码：

package NonBlocking;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class TestOpenAndConnectClient {
    static SocketChannel socketChannel = null;
    static Selector selector = null;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        socketChannel = SocketChannel.open();
        socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
        boolean connected = socketChannel.connect(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1",8888));
        System.out.println(connected);
        selector = Selector.open();

        socketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT);
        int result = 0; int i = 1;
        while((result = selector.select()) > 0) {
            System.out.println(String.format("selector %dth loop, ready event number is %d", i++, result));
            Iterator<SelectionKey> iterator = selector.selectedKeys().iterator();
            while (iterator.hasNext()) {
                SelectionKey sk = iterator.next();

                if (sk.isConnectable()) {
                    SocketChannel sc = (SocketChannel)sk.channel();
                    if (sc.finishConnect()) {
                        System.out.println("与服务端建立连接成功");
                    } else {
                        System.out.println("与服务端建立连接失败");
                    }
                    sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
                } else if (sk.isReadable()) {
                    System.out.println("有数据可读");
                }

                iterator.remove();
            }
        }
    }
}

在服务端已经运行后，再运行客户端，效果如下：

false
selector 1th loop, ready event number is 1
与服务端建立连接成功

如果服务端没有运行，再运行客户端，效果如下：可见在执行sc.finishConnect()抛出了异常。

false
selector 1th loop, ready event number is 1
Exception in thread "main" java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused: no further information
	at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)
	at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:717)
	at NonBlocking.TestOpenAndConnectClient.main(TestOpenAndConnectClient.java:34)

正如connect的api文档所解释：

If this channel is in non-blocking mode then an invocation of this method initiates a non-blocking connection operation. If the connection is established immediately, as can happen with a local connection, then this method returns true. Otherwise this method returns false and the connection operation must later be completed by invoking the finishConnect method.

一个channel在非阻塞模式下执行connect后，如果连接能马上建立好则返回true，否则完成false。如果返回false，那么只能通过之后调用finishConnect来判断连接是否完成。

finishConnect的api文档：

If the connection operation failed then invoking this method will cause an appropriate IOException to be thrown.

如果连接操作已经失败了，那么将会抛出异常。

If this channel is in non-blocking mode then this method will return false if the connection process is not yet complete.

如果连接操作还未完成好，那么将返回false。

但由于我们是通过Selector来触发事件，所以connect事件到来时，这个连接要么已经成功，要么已经失败（抛出异常的形式告诉我们）。

在select循环外使用finishConnect

客户端修改部分代码如下：

package NonBlocking;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class TestOpenAndConnectClient {
    static SocketChannel socketChannel = null;
    static Selector selector = null;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        socketChannel = SocketChannel.open();
        socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
        boolean connected = socketChannel.connect(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1",8888));
        System.out.println("socketChannel.connect result is "+connected);
        System.out.println("socketChannel.finishConnect result is "+socketChannel.finishConnect());  //加了这句
        selector = Selector.open();

        socketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT);
        SelectionKey sek = socketChannel.keyFor(selector);
        int result = 0; int i = 1;
        while((result = selector.select()) > 0) {
            System.out.println(String.format("selector %dth loop, ready event number is %d", i++, result));
            Iterator<SelectionKey> iterator = selector.selectedKeys().iterator();
            while (iterator.hasNext()) {
                SelectionKey sk = iterator.next();

                if (sk.isConnectable()) {
                    SocketChannel sc = (SocketChannel)sk.channel();
                    if (sc.finishConnect()) {
                        System.out.println("与服务端建立连接成功");
                    } else {
                        System.out.println("与服务端建立连接失败");
                    }
                    sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
                } else if (sk.isReadable()) {
                    System.out.println("有数据可读");
                }

                iterator.remove();
            }
        }
    }
}

如果服务端没有运行，再运行客户端，效果如下：可见还在执行sc.finishConnect()抛出了异常。

socketChannel.connect result is false
socketChannel.finishConnect result is false
selector 1th loop, ready event number is 1
Exception in thread "main" java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused: no further information
	at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)
	at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:717)
	at NonBlocking.TestOpenAndConnectClient.main(TestOpenAndConnectClient.java:35)

在服务端已经运行后，再运行客户端，效果如下：

socketChannel.connect result is false
socketChannel.finishConnect result is true

Process finished with exit code 0

可见虽然connect返回了false，但马上finishConnect也返回了true。但是之后的循环就直接退出了，一行都没有执行。原因应该是finishConnect在连接成功时会消耗一次OP_CONNECT事件，而注册事件时又只注册OP_CONNECT事件，所以select阻塞了一下后，只有返回0了，导致循环直接退出。

• 看来要使用select循环的话，就不应该在循环外使用finishConnect了。

使用open

package NonBlocking;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.util.Iterator;

public class TestOpenAndConnectClient {
    static SocketChannel socketChannel = null;
    static Selector selector = null;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        socketChannel = SocketChannel.open(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1",8888));
        socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);

        selector = Selector.open();
        socketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
        int result = 0; int i = 1;
        while((result = selector.select()) > 0) {
            System.out.println(String.format("selector %dth loop, ready event number is %d", i++, result));
            Iterator<SelectionKey> iterator = selector.selectedKeys().iterator();
            while (iterator.hasNext()) {
                SelectionKey sk = iterator.next();

                if (sk.isReadable()) {
                    System.out.println("有数据可读");
                }

                iterator.remove();
            }
        }
    }
}

运行后没有啥效果，因为一直等待读就绪，但没有可读数据过来。

如果之前没有运行服务端，再运行客户端：

Exception in thread "main" java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused: connect
	at sun.nio.ch.Net.connect0(Native Method)
	at sun.nio.ch.Net.connect(Net.java:454)
	at sun.nio.ch.Net.connect(Net.java:446)
	at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.connect(SocketChannelImpl.java:648)
	at java.nio.channels.SocketChannel.open(SocketChannel.java:189)
	at NonBlocking.TestOpenAndConnectClient.main(TestOpenAndConnectClient.java:15)

This convenience method works as if by invoking the open() method, invoking the connect method upon the resulting socket channel, passing it remote, and then returning that channel.

看来此方法，就是一个方便方法，相当于在返回的channel上调用了connect，并返回给你这个channel。从上面的报错信息也能看出。

总结

• 调用connect后除非连接能马上建立能返回true，否则就返回false。连接是否能建立要通过后续的finishConnect判断。
• 在select循环里，先检测SelectionKey是否isConnectable为true，如果是则进入分支，再执行SocketChannel.finishConnect。若连接成功，finishConnect返回真；若连接失败，则抛出异常。
• 调用connect后底层开始TCP的三次握手，握手在一定时间内结束，握手结果要么成功，要么失败。