48. Rotate Image
Description
You are given an n x n 2D matrix representing an image.
Rotate the image by 90 degrees (clockwise).
Note:
You have to rotate the image in-place, which means you have to modify the input 2D matrix directly. DO NOT allocate another 2D matrix and do the rotation.
Example 1:
Given input matrix =
[
[1,2,3],
[4,5,6],
[7,8,9]
],
rotate the input matrix in-place such that it becomes:
[
[7,4,1],
[8,5,2],
[9,6,3]
]
Example 2:
Given input matrix =
[
[ 5, 1, 9,11],
[ 2, 4, 8,10],
[13, 3, 6, 7],
[15,14,12,16]
],
rotate the input matrix in-place such that it becomes:
[
[15,13, 2, 5],
[14, 3, 4, 1],
[12, 6, 8, 9],
[16, 7,10,11]
]
Analysis
解题的关键就在于了解矩阵是如何转换的:
/*
- clockwise rotate
- first reverse up to down, then swap the symmetry
- 1 2 3 7 8 9 7 4 1
- 4 5 6 => 4 5 6 => 8 5 2
- 7 8 9 1 2 3 9 6 3
*/
即,先将每一行整个倒序,然后沿对称轴交换对称的数字。
Code
reverse用于交换容器里的内容;swap交换数字。
class Solution {
public:
void rotate(vector<vector<int>>& matrix) {
reverse(matrix.begin(), matrix.end());
for(int i=0; i<matrix.size(); i++){
for(int j=0; j<i; j++){
swap(matrix[i][j], matrix[j][i]);
}
}
}
};