打开一个测试浏览器
对浏览器进行操作首先需要打开一个浏览器,接下来才能对浏览器进行操作。但要注意的是,因为Chrome Driver是Chromium项目自己支持和维护的,所以你必需另外下载安装Chrome Driver,详细介绍查下他们的wiki。
以下是对FF\ IE(7.8.9.10)\chrome 浏览器的例子
Java代码:
/*** This class open browser
* @author annie.wang
*/
package com.annie.test;
import java.io.File;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxBinary;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
public class OpenBrowser {
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
/** default open firefox ***/
WebDriver diver = new FirefoxDriver();
System.out.println("success open the Firefox01");
//打开指定路径的firefox,方法1
System.setProperty("webdriver.firefox.bin","C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe");
WebDriver dr = new FirefoxDriver();
System.out.println("success open the Firefox02");
//打开指定路径的firefox,方法2
File pathToFirefoxBinary = new File("C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe");
FirefoxBinary firefoxbin = new FirefoxBinary(pathToFirefoxBinary);
WebDriver driver1 = new FirefoxDriver(firefoxbin,null);
System.out.println("success open the Firefox03");
/** open IE browser */
DesiredCapabilities ieCapabilities = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer();
ieCapabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.INTRODUCE_FLAKINESS_BY_IGNORING_SECURITY_DOMAINS,true);
WebDriver oWebDriver = new InternetExplorerDriver(ieCapabilities);// Setting the IE browser security
System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver","C:\\Windows\\IEDriverServer.exe");
oWebDriver.get("http://www.google.com");
System.out.println("success open the IE");
/**open chrome browser */
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver","C:\\Windows\\chromedriver.exe");
// System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.bin","C:\\Windows\\chromedriver.exe");
WebDriver chdr=new ChromeDriver();
/** close the browser 1.method :quit
* driver.quit();
* close the browser 2.method :close
* driver.close();
*/
/**得到当前页面url
* 返回当前浏览器的窗口句柄 */
/* String currentUrl = driver.getCurrentUrl();
//输出title和currenturl
System.out.println("页面title:"+title+"\n"+"当前URL"+currentUrl);
// ((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript("alert(\"hello,this is a alert!\")");
String windowHandle=driver.getWindowHandle() ;
System.out.println("当前窗口句柄:"+windowHandle+"\n"+windowHandle);
//String windowHandles=driver.getWindowHandles(Set
); // 返回所有浏览器的窗口句柄
// String pageSource=driver.getPageSource() ; //返回当前页面的源码
// System.out.println(pageSource+"\n"+pageSource);
*/
}
}
IE 中 尤其注意,可能会报以下异常:
这个异常是由于IE浏览器的安全权限和zoom造成的,以下3个步骤方可解决
1. 加入此代码片段:
DesiredCapabilities ieCapabilities = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer();
ieCapabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.INTRODUCE_FLAKINESS_BY_IGNORING_SECURITY_DOMAINS,true);
WebDriver oWebDriver = new InternetExplorerDriver(ieCapabilities);//Setting the IE browser security
2. 设置Internet Option Enable 选项 勾掉
3. 设置zoom 为100%
运行成功,注意IE9下有异常 。尚未有解决方案,但是不影响IE9 测试功能
小结
从上面代码可以看出操作浏览器的主要方法都来自org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver这个接口中。看了一下源代码这些方法都 是在org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver这个类中实现的,然后不同浏览的driver类继承 RemoteWebDriver。