Netty是什么?
本质:JBoss做的一个Jar包
目的:快速开发高性能、高可靠性的网络服务器和客户端程序
优点:提供异步的、事件驱动的网络应用程序框架和工具
通俗的说:一个好使的处理Socket的东东
Netty的特性
设计
统一的API,适用于不同的协议(阻塞和非阻塞)
基于灵活、可扩展的事件驱动模型
高度可定制的线程模型
可靠的无连接数据Socket支持(UDP)
性能
更好的吞吐量,低延迟
更省资源
尽量减少不必要的内存拷贝
安全
完整的SSL/TLS和STARTTLS的支持
能在Applet与Android的限制环境运行良好
健壮性
不再因过快、过慢或超负载连接导致OutOfMemoryError
不再有在高速网络环境下NIO读写频率不一致的问题
易用
完善的JavaDoc,用户指南和样例
简洁简单
下面提供一个简单的例子
第一步:下载netty5.0
移步官网下载 http://netty.io/downloads.html 或者
使用maven,在pom.xml中添加如下代码
第二步: 编写Server端代码
NettyServerBootstrap代码
NettyServerHandler代码
第三步:编写Client代码
NettyClient代码
NettyClientHandler代码
本质:JBoss做的一个Jar包
目的:快速开发高性能、高可靠性的网络服务器和客户端程序
优点:提供异步的、事件驱动的网络应用程序框架和工具
通俗的说:一个好使的处理Socket的东东
Netty的特性
设计
统一的API,适用于不同的协议(阻塞和非阻塞)
基于灵活、可扩展的事件驱动模型
高度可定制的线程模型
可靠的无连接数据Socket支持(UDP)
性能
更好的吞吐量,低延迟
更省资源
尽量减少不必要的内存拷贝
安全
完整的SSL/TLS和STARTTLS的支持
能在Applet与Android的限制环境运行良好
健壮性
不再因过快、过慢或超负载连接导致OutOfMemoryError
不再有在高速网络环境下NIO读写频率不一致的问题
易用
完善的JavaDoc,用户指南和样例
简洁简单
下面提供一个简单的例子
第一步:下载netty5.0
移步官网下载 http://netty.io/downloads.html 或者
使用maven,在pom.xml中添加如下代码
- <dependency>
- <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
- <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
- <version>5.0.0.Alpha2</version>
- </dependency>
第二步: 编写Server端代码
NettyServerBootstrap代码
- import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
- import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
- import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
- import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
- import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
- import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
- import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
- import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
- import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
- import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
- import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
- import io.netty.handler.codec.LengthFieldBasedFrameDecoder;
- import io.netty.handler.timeout.IdleStateHandler;
- public class NettyServerBootstrap {
- private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(NettyServerBootstrap.class);
- private int port;
- public NettyServerBootstrap(int port) {
- this.port = port;
- bind();
- }
- private void bind() {
- EventLoopGroup boss = new NioEventLoopGroup();
- EventLoopGroup worker = new NioEventLoopGroup();
- try {
- ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
- bootstrap.group(boss, worker);
- bootstrap.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class);
- bootstrap.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 1024); //连接数
- bootstrap.option(ChannelOption.TCP_NODELAY, true); //不延迟,消息立即发送
- bootstrap.childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true); //长连接
- bootstrap.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
- @Override
- protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel)
- throws Exception {
- ChannelPipeline p = socketChannel.pipeline();
- p.addLast(new NettyServerHandler());
- }
- });
- ChannelFuture f = bootstrap.bind(port).sync();
- if (f.isSuccess()) {
- logger.debug("启动Netty服务成功,端口号:" + this.port);
- }
- // 关闭连接
- f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
- } catch (Exception e) {
- logger.error("启动Netty服务异常,异常信息:" + e.getMessage());
- e.printStackTrace();
- } finally {
- boss.shutdownGracefully();
- worker.shutdownGracefully();
- }
- }
- public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
- NettyServerBootstrap server= new NettyServerBootstrap(9999);
- }
- }
NettyServerHandler代码
- import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
- import com.datong.base.module.netty.common.Constant;
- import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
- import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
- import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerAdapter;
- import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
- public class NettyServerHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {
- @Override
- public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
- ByteBuf buf = (ByteBuf) msg;
- String recieved = getMessage(buf);
- System.out.println("服务器接收到消息:" + recieved);
- try {
- ctx.writeAndFlush(getSendByteBuf("APPLE"));
- } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- /*
- * 从ByteBuf中获取信息 使用UTF-8编码返回
- */
- private String getMessage(ByteBuf buf) {
- byte[] con = new byte[buf.readableBytes()];
- buf.readBytes(con);
- try {
- return new String(con, Constant.UTF8);
- } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- return null;
- }
- }
- private ByteBuf getSendByteBuf(String message)
- throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
- byte[] req = message.getBytes("UTF-8");
- ByteBuf pingMessage = Unpooled.buffer();
- pingMessage.writeBytes(req);
- return pingMessage;
- }
- }
第三步:编写Client代码
NettyClient代码
- import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
- import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
- import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
- import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
- import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
- import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
- import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
- import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
- import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
- import io.netty.handler.codec.LengthFieldBasedFrameDecoder;
- import io.netty.handler.timeout.IdleStateHandler;
- public class NettyClient {
- /*
- * 服务器端口号
- */
- private int port;
- /*
- * 服务器IP
- */
- private String host;
- public NettyClientBootstrap(int port, String host)
- throws InterruptedException {
- this.port = port;
- this.host = host;
- start();
- }
- private void start() throws InterruptedException {
- EventLoopGroup eventLoopGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
- try {
- Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
- bootstrap.channel(NioSocketChannel.class);
- bootstrap.option(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true);
- bootstrap.group(eventLoopGroup);
- bootstrap.remoteAddress(host, port);
- bootstrap.handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
- @Override
- protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel)
- throws Exception {
- socketChannel.pipeline().addLast(new NettyClientHandler());
- }
- });
- ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.connect(host, port).sync();
- if (future.isSuccess()) {
- socketChannel = (SocketChannel) future.channel();
- System.out.println("----------------connect server success----------------");
- }
- future.channel().closeFuture().sync();
- } finally {
- eventLoopGroup.shutdownGracefully();
- }
- }
- public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
- NettyClient client = new NettyClient(9999,
- "localhost");
- }
- }
NettyClientHandler代码
- import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
- import java.util.Date;
- import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
- import com.netty.common.NettyStartRunable;
- import com.netty.common.ProxyPool;
- import com.netty.util.JsonUtil;
- import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
- import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
- import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
- import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerAdapter;
- import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
- public class NettyClientHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {
- private ByteBuf firstMessage;
- @Override
- public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
- byte[] data = "服务器,给我一个APPLE".getBytes();
- firstMessage=Unpooled.buffer();
- firstMessage.writeBytes(data);
- ctx.writeAndFlush(firstMessage);
- }
- @Override
- public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg)
- throws Exception {
- ByteBuf buf = (ByteBuf) msg;
- String rev = getMessage(bug);
- System.out.println("客户端收到服务器数据:" + rev);
- }
- private String getMessage(ByteBuf buf) {
- byte[] con = new byte[buf.readableBytes()];
- buf.readBytes(con);
- try {
- return new String(con, Constant.UTF8);
- } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- return null;
- }
- }
- }