Java设计模式-工厂方法模式

1：使用场景

在任何需要生产复杂对象的地方，都可以使用工厂方法模式，用new可以完成创建对象无需使用工厂方法模式

2：UML图

3：代码举例

public  abstract class Product {
	
	public abstract void method(); 

}

public  class ConcreteProductA extends Product{
	@Override
	public  void method(){
		System.out.println("我是具体产品A");
	}

}

public  class ConcreteProductB extends Product{
	@Override
	public  void method(){
		System.out.println("我是具体产品B");
	}

}

public  abstract class Factory {
	
	public abstract <T extends Product> T createProduct(Class<T> clz); 

}

public  class ConcreteFactory extends Factory{
	@Override
	public  <T extends Product> T createProduct(Class<T> clz){
		Product p=null;
		try{
			p=(Product)Class.forName(clz.getName()).newInstance();
			
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return (T)p;
	}

}

public  class Client {
	public  static void main(String[] args){
		Factory factory =new ConcreteFactory();
		Product product=factory.createProduct(ConcreteProductA.class);
		product.method();
	}

}

多工厂方法模式：

可以为每个产品都定义一个具体工厂，各司其职。

public  class ConcreteFactoryA extends Factory{
	@Override
	public  Product createProduct(){
		return new ConcreteFactoryA();
	}

}

public  class ConcreteFactoryB extends Factory{
	@Override
	public  Product createProduct(){
		return new ConcreteFactoryB();
	}
}


public  class Client {
	public  static void main(String[] args){
		Factory factoryA =new ConcreteFactoryA();
		Product productA=factoryA.createProduct();
		productA.method();

                Factory factoryB =new ConcreteFactoryB();
		Product productB=factoryB.createProduct();
		productB.method();

	}

}

简单工厂模式：

工厂类如果只有一个时，简化工厂方法模式，去掉抽象，将相应的工厂方法改为静态：

public  class Factory {
	@Override
	public  static Product createProduct(){
		return new ConcreteFactoryA();
	}

}

4：Android中的工厂方法模式

    /**
     * Decode a file path into a bitmap. If the specified file name is null,
     * or cannot be decoded into a bitmap, the function returns null.
     *
     * @param pathName complete path name for the file to be decoded.
     * @param opts null-ok; Options that control downsampling and whether the
     *             image should be completely decoded, or just is size returned.
     * @return The decoded bitmap, or null if the image data could not be
     *         decoded, or, if opts is non-null, if opts requested only the
     *         size be returned (in opts.outWidth and opts.outHeight)
     */
    public static Bitmap decodeFile(String pathName, Options opts) {
        Bitmap bm = null;
        InputStream stream = null;
        try {
            stream = new FileInputStream(pathName);
            bm = decodeStream(stream, null, opts);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            /*  do nothing.
                If the exception happened on open, bm will be null.
            */
            Log.e("BitmapFactory", "Unable to decode stream: " + e);
        } finally {
            if (stream != null) {
                try {
                    stream.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // do nothing here
                }
            }
        }
        return bm;
    }