C#中Socket用法，多个聊天和单一聊天。

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-05 22:16:47 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-03-05 22:16:47 发布

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文章标签：网络 c#

原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/DemiGoo/articles/6264929.html

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在C#中提供了两种网络服务，一种是Socket类，另一种是TcpListener（服务器）,TcpClient（客户端）;

至于这两种有什么区别那；MSDN上是这样解释的：

TcpClient 类， TcpListener 类提供了一些简单的方法，用于在同步阻止模式下通过网络来连接、发送和接收流数据。

Socket 类为网络通信提供了一套丰富的方法和属性。 Socket 类允许您使用ProtocolType枚举中所列出的任何一种协议执行异步和同步数据传输。

先从第一个情景来说：第一个就是建立多人聊天的模式，就是多个客户端连接一个服务器，然后可以和多个客户端通信。就像QQ里的群聊。

首先我们来见一个服务器：

就包含一个文本框就行了，里边具体代码如下：

 1     public partial class server : Form
 2     {
 3 private IPEndPoint ServerInfo;//存放服务器的IP和端口信息 4 private Socket ServerSocket;//服务端运行的SOCKET 5 private Thread ServerThread;//服务端运行的线程 6 private Socket[] ClientSocket;//为客户端建立的SOCKET连接 7 private int ClientNumb;//存放客户端数量 8 private byte[] MsgBuffer;//存放消息数据 9 10 private object obj; 11 12 public server() 13  { 14 InitializeComponent(); 15 ListenClient(); 16 } 17 18 /// <summary> 19 /// 开始服务，监听客户端 20 /// </summary> 21 private void ListenClient() 22  { 23 try 24 { 25 ServerSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp); 26 IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"); 27 ServerInfo = new IPEndPoint(ip, Int32.Parse("3000")); 28 ServerSocket.Bind(ServerInfo); 29 ServerSocket.Listen(10); 30 31 ClientSocket = new Socket[65535]; 32 MsgBuffer = new byte[65535]; 33 ClientNumb = 0; 34 35 ServerThread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(RecieveAccept)); 36 ServerThread.Start(); 37 } 38 catch (System.Exception ex) 39 { 40 41 } 42 } 43 44 /// <summary> 45 /// 添加阻塞，监听客户端 46 /// </summary> 47 private void RecieveAccept() 48  { 49 while (true) 50 { 51 //等待接受客户端连接，如果有就执行下边代码，没有就阻塞 52 ClientSocket[ClientNumb] = ServerSocket.Accept(); 53 //接受客户端信息，没有阻塞，则会执行下边输出的代码；如果是Receive则不会执行下边输出代码 54 ClientSocket[ClientNumb].BeginReceive(MsgBuffer, 0, MsgBuffer.Length, SocketFlags.None, 55 new AsyncCallback(ReceiveCallback), ClientSocket[ClientNumb]); 56 this.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate 57 { 58 lock (this.textBox1) 59 this.textBox1.Text += "客户端：" + ClientNumb.ToString() + "连接成功！" + "\r\n"; 60 }); 61 ClientNumb++; 62 } 63 } 64 65 /// <summary> 66 /// 回发数据到客户端 67 /// </summary> 68 /// <param name="ar"></param> 69 private void ReceiveCallback(IAsyncResult ar) 70  { 71 try 72 { 73 Socket rSocket = (Socket)ar.AsyncState; 74 int rEnd = rSocket.EndReceive(ar); 75 76 for (int i = 0; i < ClientNumb; i++) 77 { 78 if (ClientSocket[i].Connected) 79 { 80 //发送数据到客户端 81 ClientSocket[i].Send(MsgBuffer, 0, rEnd, SocketFlags.None); 82 } 83 84 //同时接受客户端回发的数据，用于回发 85 rSocket.BeginReceive(MsgBuffer, 0, MsgBuffer.Length, 0, new AsyncCallback(ReceiveCallback), rSocket); 86 } 87 } 88 catch (System.Exception ex) 89 { 90 91 } 92 } 93 }

然后我们添加客户端代码，客户端要一个按钮和两个文本框

具体代码如下：

 1     public partial class Client : Form
 2     {
 3         private IPEndPoint ServerInfo; 4 private Socket ClientSocket; 5 private object obj; 6 7 //信息接收缓存 8 private Byte[] MsgBuffer; 9 //信息发送存储 10 private Byte[] MsgSend; 11 12 public Client() 13 { 14 InitializeComponent(); 15 ConnectServer(); 16 this.button1.Click += new EventHandler(button1_Click); 17 } 18 19 /// <summary> 20 /// 打开客户端，即连接服务器 21 /// </summary> 22 private void ConnectServer() 23 { 24 try 25 { 26 ClientSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp); 27 MsgBuffer = new byte[65535]; 28 MsgSend = new byte[65535]; 29 IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"); 30 ServerInfo = new IPEndPoint(ip, Int32.Parse("3000")); 31 ClientSocket.Connect(ServerInfo); 32 //发送信息至服务器 33 ClientSocket.Send(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes("用户： 进入系统！" + "\r\n")); 34 ClientSocket.BeginReceive(MsgBuffer, 0, MsgBuffer.Length, SocketFlags.None, 35 new AsyncCallback(ReceiveCallback), null); 36 this.textBox1.Text += "登录服务器成功" + "\r\n"; 37 } 38 catch (System.Exception ex) 39 { 40 41 } 42 } 43 44 /// <summary> 45 /// 回调时调用 46 /// </summary> 47 /// <param name="ar"></param> 48 private void ReceiveCallback(IAsyncResult ar) 49 { 50 int rEnd = ClientSocket.EndReceive(ar); 51 this.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate 52 { 53 lock (this.textBox1) 54 { 55 this.textBox1.Text += Encoding.Unicode.GetString(MsgBuffer, 0, rEnd) + "\r\n"; 56 } 57 }); 58 ClientSocket.BeginReceive(MsgBuffer, 0, MsgBuffer.Length, 0, new AsyncCallback(ReceiveCallback), null); 59 } 60 61 /// <summary> 62 /// 发送信息 63 /// </summary> 64 /// <param name="sender"></param> 65 /// <param name="e"></param> 66 private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 67 { 68 MsgSend = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes("说：\n" + this.textBox2.Text + "\n\r"); 69 if (ClientSocket.Connected) 70 { 71 ClientSocket.Send(MsgSend); 72 } 73 } 74 75 } 76 }

这样先运行服务器，在多运行几个客户端就可以了。

下边讲一下第二种案例:这种是多个客户端和服务器连接，每个客户端都可以和服务器通信，但是客户端之间没有通信，而且每个客户端和服务器通信时，不会影响其他客户端。

具体样式如图：

接着我们来看看具体的代码：

先来看看服务器的，样式和第一种一样，

具体代码：

 1     public partial class Server : Form
 2     {
 3 private Socket socket = null; 4 private Thread thread = null; 5 6 public Server() 7  { 8 InitializeComponent(); 9 StartListening(); 10 } 11 12 /// 13 /// 开始监听客户端 14 /// 15 private void StartListening() 16  { 17 try 18 { 19 socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp); 20 IPAddress ipaddress = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"); 21 IPEndPoint endPoint = new IPEndPoint(ipaddress, int.Parse("3000")); 22 23 socket.Bind(endPoint); 24 socket.Listen(20); 25 26 thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(WatchConnection)); 27 thread.IsBackground = true; 28 thread.Start(); 29 30 this.listBox1.Text = "开始监听客户端传来的消息" + "\r\n"; 31 } 32 catch (System.Exception ex) 33 { 34 this.listBox1.Text += "SocketException" + ex; 35 } 36 } 37 38 Socket[] socConnection = new Socket[12]; 39 private static int clientNum = 0; 40 41 /// <summary> 42 /// 监听客户端发来的请求 43 /// </summary> 44 private void WatchConnection() 45  { 46 while (true) 47 { 48 socConnection[clientNum] = socket.Accept(); 49 this.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate 50 { 51 this.listBox1.Text += "客户端连接成功" + "\r\n"; 52 }); 53 54 Thread thread = new Thread(new ParameterizedThreadStart(ServerRecMsg)); 55 thread.IsBackground = true; 56 thread.Start(socConnection[clientNum]); 57 clientNum++; 58 } 59 } 60 61 /// <summary> 62 /// 接受客户端消息并发送消息 63 /// </summary> 64 /// <param name="socketClientPara"></param> 65 private void ServerRecMsg(object socketClientPara) 66  { 67 Socket socketServer = socketClientPara as Socket; 68 try 69 { 70 while (true) 71 { 72 byte[] arrServerRecMsg = new byte[1024 * 1024]; 73 int length = socketServer.Receive(arrServerRecMsg); 74 75 string strSRecMsg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(arrServerRecMsg, 0, length); 76 this.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate 77 { 78 this.listBox1.Text += "接收到：" + strSRecMsg + "\r\n"; 79 }); 80 81 byte[] arrSendMsg = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("收到服务器发来的消息"); 82 //发送消息到客户端 83 socketServer.Send(arrSendMsg); 84 } 85 } 86 catch (System.Exception ex) 87 { 88 89 } 90 } 91 }

再来看看客户端代码：

样式和第一种也一样：

 1     public partial class Client : Form
 2     {
 3 private Socket socketClient = null; 4 private Thread threadClient = null; 5 6 public Client() 7  { 8 InitializeComponent(); 9 ConnectionServer(); 10 this.button1.Click += new EventHandler(button1_Click); 11 } 12 13 /// <summary> 14 /// 连接服务器 15 /// </summary> 16 private void ConnectionServer() 17  { 18 socketClient = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp); 19 IPAddress ipaddress = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"); 20 IPEndPoint endPoint = new IPEndPoint(ipaddress, int.Parse("3000")); 21 try 22 { 23 socketClient.Connect(endPoint); 24 threadClient = new Thread(RecMsg); 25 threadClient.IsBackground = true; 26 threadClient.Start(); 27 } 28 catch (System.Exception ex) 29 { 30 31 } 32 33 } 34 35 /// <summary> 36 /// 接收服务器消息 37 /// </summary> 38 private void RecMsg() 39  { 40 while (true) 41 { 42 //内存缓冲区1M,用于临时存储接收到服务器端的消息 43 byte[] arrRecMsg = new byte[1024 * 1024]; 44 //将接收到的数据放入内存缓冲区，获取其长度 45 int length = socketClient.Receive(arrRecMsg); 46 //将套接字获取到的字节数组转换为我们可以理解的字符串 47 string strRecMsg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(arrRecMsg, 0, length); 48 this.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate 49 { 50 lock (this.listBox1) 51 { 52 this.listBox1.Text += "服务器：" + strRecMsg + "\r\n"; 53 } 54 }); 55 } 56 } 57 58 /// <summary> 59 /// 向服务器发送消息 60 /// </summary> 61 /// <param name="sender"></param> 62 /// <param name="e"></param> 63 private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 64  { 65 ClientSendMsg(this.textBox1.Text.Trim()); 66 } 67 68 /// <summary> 69 /// 发送信息到服务器 70 /// </summary> 71 /// <param name="sendMsg"></param> 72 private void ClientSendMsg(string sendMsg) 73  { 74 //将输入的字符串转化为机器可以识别的字节数组 75 byte[] arrClientSendMsg = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sendMsg); 76 //发送数据 77 socketClient.Send(arrClientSendMsg); 78 this.listBox1.Text += "客户端：" + sendMsg + "\r\n"; 79 } 80 }