0.可以新建一个用于练习的html文件,在浏览器中打开。
<!
DOCTYPE
html>
<
html
lang="en">
<
head
>
<
meta
charset="UTF-8">
<
title
>Title</
title
>
</
head
>
<
body
>
<
h1
>This is the document body</
h1
>
<
P
ID = "p1Node">This is paragraph 1.</
P
>
<
P
ID = "p2Node">段落2</
P
>
<
a
href="http://www.gzcc.cn/">广州商学院</
a
>
<
li
>
<
a
href="http://news.gzcc.cn/html/2018/xiaoyuanxinwen_0328/9113.html">
<
div
class="news-list-text">
<
div
class="news-list-title" style="">我校校长杨文轩教授讲授新学期“思政第一课”</
div
>
<
div
class="news-list-description">3月27日下午,我校校长杨文轩教授在第四教学楼310室为学生讲授了新学期“思政第一课”。</
div
>
<
div
class="news-list-info"><
span
><
i
class="fa fa-clock-o"></
i
>2018-03-28</
span
><
span
><
i
class="fa fa-building-o"></
i
>马克思主义学院</
span
></
div
>
</
div
>
</
a
>
</
body
>
</
html
>
1.利用requests.get(url)获取网页页面的html文件
import requests
newurl = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/2018/xiaoyuanxinwen_0328/9113.html'
res = requests.get(newurl)
res.encoding = "utf-8"
print(res.text)
2.利用BeautifulSoup的HTML解析器,生成结构树
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser')
print(soup)
3.找出特定标签的html元素
soup.p #标签名,返回第一个
soup.head
soup.p.name #字符串
soup.p. attrs #字典,标签的所有属性
soup.p. contents # 列表,所有子标签
soup.p.text #字符串
soup.p.string
soup.select(‘li')
4.取得含有特定CSS属性的元素
soup.select(
'#p1Node'
)
soup.select(
'.news-list-title'
)
5.练习:
取出H1标签
a =soup.select('h1')
a1=a[0].text
print(a1)
取出a的标签a
=
soup.a.attrs[
'href'
]
soup.li.a.attrs[
'href'
]
print
(a)
取出所有li标签的所有内容
a
=
soup.select(
'li'
)[
0
].text
print
(a)
取出一条新闻的标题、链接、发布时间、来源
a0
=
soup.select(
'.news-list-title'
)[
0
].text
a1
=
soup.select(
'.news-list-info'
)[
0
].contents[
0
].text
a2
=
soup.select(
'.news-list-info'
)[
0
].contents[
1
].text
a3
=
soup.body.li.a.attrs[
'href'
]
print
(a0,a1,a2,a3)